David I of Scotland, King of the Scots

Notes:

David I or Dauâid mac Maâil Choluim (Modern: Daibhidh I mac [Mhaoil] Chaluim;[1] c. 1085 – 24 May 1153) was a 12th-century ruler who was Prince of the Cumbrians (1113–1124) and later King of the Scots (1124–1153). The youngest son of Mâael Coluim III (Malcolm III) and Margaret of Wessex, David spent most of his childhood in Scotland, but was exiled to England temporarily in 1093. Perhaps after 1100, he became a dependent at the court of King Henry I. There he was influenced by the Norman and Anglo-French culture of the court.

When David's brother Alexander I of Scotland died in 1124, David chose, with the backing of Henry I, to take the Kingdom of Scotland (Alba) for himself. He was forced to engage in warfare against his rival and nephew, Mâael Coluim mac Alaxandair. Subduing the latter seems to have taken David ten years, a struggle that involved the destruction of Óengus, Mormaer of Moray. David's victory allowed expansion of control over more distant regions theoretically part of his Kingdom. After the death of his former patron Henry I, David supported the claims of Henry's daughter and his own niece, the former Empress-consort, Matilda, to the throne of England. In the process, he came into conflict with King Stephen and was able to expand his power in northern England, despite his defeat at the Battle of the Standard in 1138.

The term "Davidian Revolution" is used by many scholars to summarise the changes which took place in Scotland during his reign. These included his foundation of burghs and regional markets, implementation of the ideals of Gregorian Reform, foundation of monasteries, Normanisation of the Scottish government, and the introduction of feudalism through immigrant French and Anglo-French knights.

Read more ... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_I_of_Scotland

Family/Spouse: Maud of Huntingdon, Queen Consort of Scotland. Maud (daughter of Waltheof Huntington, Earl of Northumbria and Judith of Lens, Countess of Northumberland) was born in ~1074 in Northumberland, England; died in 1130-1131 in Scone, Perthshire, Scotland; was buried in Scone Abbey, Perthshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Henry of Scotland (Eanric mac Dabâid, 1114 – 12 June 1152[1]) was heir apparent to the Kingdom of Alba. He was also the 3rd Earl of Northumberland and the 3rd Earl of Huntingdon. He was the son of King David I of Scotland and Queen Maud, 2nd Countess of Huntingdon.[2] Henry was named after his uncle, King Henry I of England, who had married his paternal aunt Edith.

Earldom

David, Henry's father, invaded England in 1136. His army was met by Stephen of Blois at Carlisle. Instead of battle, there was a negotiated settlement that included Henry performing homage to Stephen for Carlisle and the Earldom of Huntingdon.[3] Henry's journey to Stephen's court for Easter (1136) was met with resentment, including an accusation of treason,[4] which brought about his return at his father's insistence.[4]

After another invasion by his father, Henry was finally invested with the Earldom of Northumberland in 1139.[5] Later in the year, Henry met with Stephen at Nottingham, where he was also reinvested with Carlisle and Cumberland.[5] At which time Henry paid homage to Stephen for his Earldom.[5]

Henry's inclusion into King Stephen's inner circle was highlighted by his arranged marriage to Ada de Warenne.[6] This marriage secured Henry's place within Stephen's kingdom.[6] Following Stephen's capture by forces of Empress Matilda, Henry held the Earldom of Northumberland as a Scottish fief.[7]

On Henry's death, the Earldom passed to his half-brother Simon II de Senlis.

Family

In 1139, Henry married Ada de Warenne,[1] the daughter of William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey (died 1138), and Elizabeth of Vermandois, daughter of Hugh of Vermandois.

Ada of Huntingdon (1139–1206), married in 1161, Floris III, Count of Holland.[2]
Margaret of Huntingdon (1145–1201)
Married [1] in 1160 Conan IV, Duke of Brittany, (died 1171)[8]
Married [2] Humphrey III de Bohun, Lord of Trowbridge.
Married [3] Sir William fitz Patrick de Hertburn
Malcolm IV of Scotland.[2]
William I of Scotland.[2]
David of Scotland, 8th Earl of Huntingdon.[2]
Matilda of Huntingdon, born and died 1152.
Marjorie of Huntingdon, married Gille Crâist, Earl of Angus.

end of biography

Henry married Ada de Warenne in 1139 in England. Ada (daughter of Sir William de Warenne, Knight, 2nd Earl of Surrey and Lady Isabel de Vermandois, Countess of Leicester) was born in ~ 1120 in Surry, England; died in 1178 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

William the Lion (Mediaeval Gaelic: Uilliam mac Eanric; Modern Gaelic: Uilleam mac Eanraig), sometimes styled William I, also known by the nickname Garbh, "the Rough",[1] (c. 1143 – 4 December 1214) reigned as King of the Scots from 1165 to 1214. He had the second-longest reign in Scottish history before the Act of Union with England in 1707. James VI (reigned 1567–1625) would have the longest.

Life

He became king following his brother Malcolm IV's death on 9 December 1165 and was crowned on 24 December 1165.

In contrast to his deeply religious, frail brother, William was powerfully built, redheaded, and headstrong. He was an effective monarch whose reign was marred by his ill-fated attempts to regain control of Northumbria from the Normans.

Traditionally, William is credited with founding Arbroath Abbey, the site of the later Declaration of Arbroath.

He was not known as "The Lion" during his own lifetime, and the title did not relate to his tenacious character or his military prowess. It was attached to him because of his flag or standard, a red lion rampant with a forked tail (queue fourchâee) on a yellow background. This (with the substitution of a 'double tressure fleury counter-fleury' border instead of an orle) went on to become the Royal standard of Scotland, still used today but quartered with those of England and of Ireland. It became attached to him because the chronicler John of Fordun called him the "Lion of Justice".

William was grandson of David I of Scotland. He also inherited the title of Earl of Northumbria in 1152 from his father, Henry of Scotland. However he had to give up this title to King Henry II of England in 1157. This caused trouble after William became king, since he spent a lot of effort trying to regain Northumbria.

William was a key player in the Revolt of 1173–1174 against Henry II. In 1174, at the Battle of Alnwick, during a raid in support of the revolt, William recklessly charged the English troops himself, shouting, "Now we shall see which of us are good knights!" He was unhorsed and captured by Henry's troops led by Ranulf de Glanvill and taken in chains to Newcastle, then Northampton, and then transferred to Falaise in Normandy. Henry then sent an army to Scotland and occupied it. As ransom and to regain his kingdom, William had to acknowledge Henry as his feudal superior and agree to pay for the cost of the English army's occupation of Scotland by taxing the Scots. The church of Scotland was also subjected to that of England. This he did by signing the Treaty of Falaise. He was then allowed to return to Scotland. In 1175 he swore fealty to Henry II at York Castle.

The humiliation of the Treaty of Falaise triggered a revolt in Galloway which lasted until 1186, and prompted construction of a castle at Dumfries. In 1179, meanwhile, William and his brother David personally led a force northwards into Easter Ross, establishing two further castles, and aiming to discourage the Norse Earls of Orkney from expanding beyond Caithness.

A further rising in 1181 involved Donald Meic Uilleim, descendant of King Duncan II. Donald briefly took over Ross; not until his death (1187) was William able to reclaim Donald's stronghold of Inverness. Further royal expeditions were required in 1197 and 1202 to fully neutralise the Orcadian threat.

The Treaty of Falaise remained in force for the next fifteen years. Then the English king Richard the Lionheart, needing money to take part in the Third Crusade, agreed to terminate it in return for 10,000 silver marks, on 5 December 1189.

William attempted to purchase Northumbria from Richard in 1194, as he had a strong claim over it. However, his offer of 15,000 marks was rejected due to wanting the castles within the lands, which Richard was not willing to give.[2]

Despite the Scots regaining their independence, Anglo-Scottish relations remained tense during the first decade of the 13th century. In August 1209 King John decided to flex the English muscles by marching a large army to Norham (near Berwick), in order to exploit the flagging leadership of the ageing Scottish monarch. As well as promising a large sum of money, the ailing William agreed to his elder daughters marrying English nobles and, when the treaty was renewed in 1212, John apparently gained the hand of William's only surviving legitimate son, and heir, Alexander, for his eldest daughter, Joan.

Despite continued dependence on English goodwill, William's reign showed much achievement. He threw himself into government with energy and diligently followed the lines laid down by his grandfather, David I. Anglo-French settlements and feudalization were extended, new burghs founded, criminal law clarified, the responsibilities of justices and sheriffs widened, and trade grew. Arbroath Abbey was founded (1178), and the bishopric of Argyll established (c.1192) in the same year as papal confirmation of the Scottish church by Pope Celestine III.

According to legend, "William is recorded in 1206 as curing a case of scrofula by his touching and blessing a child with the ailment whilst at York.[3] William died in Stirling in 1214 and lies buried in Arbroath Abbey. His son, Alexander II, succeeded him as king, reigning from 1214 to 1249.

Marriage and issue

Due to the terms of the Treaty of Falaise, Henry II had the right to choose William's bride. As a result, William married Ermengarde de Beaumont, a great-granddaughter of King Henry I of England, at Woodstock Palace in 1186. Edinburgh Castle was her dowry. The marriage was not very successful, and it was many years before she bore him an heir. William and Ermengarde's children were:

Margaret (1193–1259), married Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent.
Isabel (1195–1253), married Roger Bigod, 4th Earl of Norfolk and Robert "of Fur Fan" De Ros, Sir Knight and had issue.
Alexander II of Scotland (1198–1249).
Marjorie (1200 – 17 November 1244),[4] married Gilbert Marshal, 4th Earl of Pembroke.
Out of wedlock, William I had numerous children, their descendants being among those who would lay claim to the Scottish crown.

By an unnamed daughter of Adam de Hythus:

Margaret, married Eustace de Vesci, Lord of Alnwick.[5]

By Isabel d'Avenel:

Robert de London[6]
Henry de Galightly, father of Patrick Galightly one of the competitors to the crown in 1291[7]
Ada Fitzwilliam (c.1146-1200), married Patrick I, Earl of Dunbar (1152–1232)[7]
Aufrica, married William de Say, and whose grandson Roger de Mandeville was one of the competitors to the crown in 1291[7]
Isabella Mac William married Robert III de Brus then Robert de Ros (died 1227), Magna Carta Suretor[8]

Buried:
Arbroath Abbey, in the Scottish town of Arbroath, was founded in 1178 by King William the Lion for a group of Tironensian Benedictine monks from Kelso Abbey. It was consecrated in 1197 with a dedication to the deceased Saint Thomas Becket, whom the king had met at the English court. It was William's only personal foundation — he was buried before the high altar of the church in 1214.[1]

The last Abbot was Cardinal David Beaton, who in 1522 succeeded his uncle James to become Archbishop of St Andrews. The Abbey is cared for by Historic Scotland and is open to the public throughout the year (entrance charge). The distinctive red sandstone ruins stand at the top of the High Street in Arbroath.

Image & History ... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbroath_Abbey

William married Ermengarde de Beaumont on 5 Sep 1186 in Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire, England. Ermengarde (daughter of Sir Richard (Beaumont), I, Viscount of Beaumont-le-Vicomte and Lucie l'Aigle) was born in ~ 1170; died on 12 Feb 1233 in Scotland; was buried in Balmerino Abbey, Fife, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Isabel d'Avenel. Isabel (daughter of Sir Robert Avenel, Lord of Eskdale and Sibyl LNU) was born in ~1143; died in 1234 in Castle Stirling, Stirling, Stirlingshire, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Margaret married Humphrey de Bohun, III, Lord of Trowbridge in 1171-1175. Humphrey (son of Humphrey de Bohun, II and Margaret of Hereford) was born before 1144; died in 0Dec 1181; was buried in Llanthony Secunda, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

David of Scotland (Medieval Gaelic: Dabâid) (1152 – 17 June 1219) was a Scottish prince and 8th Earl of Huntingdon. He was, until 1198, heir to the Scottish throne.

Life

He was the youngest surviving son of Henry of Scotland, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon and Ada de Warenne, a daughter of William de Warenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey, and Elizabeth of Vermandois. His paternal grandfather was David I of Scotland. Huntingdon was granted to him after his elder brother William I of Scotland ascended the throne. David's son John succeeded him to the earldom.

In 1190 his brother gave him 'superiority' over Dundee and its port. The same year he endowed Lindores Abbey in Fife and a church dedicated to St Mary in Dundee.[1]

In the litigation for succession to the crown of Scotland in 1290–1292, the great-great-grandson Floris V, Count of Holland of David's sister, Ada, claimed that David had renounced his hereditary rights to the throne of Scotland. He therefore declared that his claim to the throne had priority over David's descendants. However, no explanation or firm evidence for the supposed renunciation could be provided.

Marriage and issue

On 26 August 1190 David married Matilda of Chester (1171 – 6 January 1233), daughter of Hugh de Kevelioc, 3rd Earl of Chester. He was almost thirty years Matilda's senior. The marriage was recorded by Benedict of Peterborough.[2]

David and Matilda had seven children:

Margaret of Huntingdon (c. 1194 – c. 1228), married Alan, Lord of Galloway, by whom she had two daughters, including Dervorguilla of Galloway.
Robert of Huntingdon (died young)
Ada of Huntingdon, married Sir Henry de Hastings, by whom she had one son, Henry de Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings.
Matilda (Maud) of Huntingdon (-aft.1219, unmarried)
Isobel of Huntingdon (1199–1251), married firstly, Henry De Percy and had issue and secondly, Robert Bruce, 4th Lord of Annandale, by whom she had two sons, including Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale.
John of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon (1207 – 6 June 1237), married Elen ferch Llywelyn. He succeeded his uncle Ranulf as Earl of Chester in 1232, but died childless.
Henry of Huntingdon (died young)[3][4]

Earl David also had three illegitimate children:[5]

Henry of Stirling
Henry of Brechin
Ada, married Malise, son of Ferchar, Earl of Strathearn

After the extinction of the senior line of the Scottish royal house in 1290, when the legitimate line of William the Lion of Scotland ended, David's descendants were the prime candidates for the throne. The two most notable claimants to the throne, Robert Bruce, 5th Lord of Annandale (grandfather of King Robert I of Scotland) and John of Scotland were his descendants through David's daughters Isobel and Margaret, respectively.

end of this biography

David married Lady Matilda of Chester, Countess of Huntingdon on 26 Aug 1190. Matilda (daughter of Sir Hugh de Kevelioc, Knight, 5th Earl of Chester and Lady Bertrade de Montfort, Comtess d'Evreux) was born in 1171; died on 6 Jan 1233 in (Scotland). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Marie de Coucy. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Isabella mac William (ca. 1165 - ) (Gaelic:Isibâeal nic Uilliam) was the illegitimate daughter of William the Lion King of Scots by a daughter of Robert Avenel. She married Robert III de Brus in 1183. They had no children. After his death in 1191, Isabella was married to Robert de Ros, Baron Ros of Wark, (died 1227). They had the following children:

Sir William de Ros (b. before 1200 – d. ca. 1264/1265), father of Robert de Ros, 1st Baron de Ros.[1] and Sir William de Roos of Helmsley, Yorkshire (whose daughter, Ivette de Roos, married Sir Geoffrey le Scrope, K.B. of Masham, Yorkshire.[2]
Sir Robert de Ros[2] (ca. 1223 – 13 May 1285), was Chief Justice of the Kings Bench. He married Christian Bertram; from which Elizabeth Ros (d.1395), wife of Sir William Parr of Kendal (1350 – ca. 1404) descended. The two were ancestors of Queen consort Catherine Parr.
Sir Alexander de Ros (d. ca. 1306), who fathered one child, William, with an unknown wife.[2]
Peter de Ros.[2]

References

Jump up ^ Douglas Richardson, Kimball G. Everingham. Magna Carta ancestry: a study in colonial and medieval families, Genealogical Publishing Company, 2005. pg 699. Google eBook
^ Jump up to: a b c d Douglas Richardson, , Kimball G. Everingham, (2011). Magna Carta ancestry : a study in colonial and medieval families, Volume II (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City, UT.: Douglas Richardson. p. 198. ISBN 9781449966386.

Birth:
Isabella was the illegitimate daughter of William the Lion, King of Scots by the daughter of Richard Avenel...

Isabella married Sir Robert de Ros, Knight in 0___ 1191 in Haddington, East Lothian, Scotland. Robert was born in 1170-1172 in (Yorkshire) England; died in 0___ 1227; was buried in Temple Church, London, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: William de Saye. William was born in ~ 1133 in Kimbolton, Hampshire, England; died on 1 Aug 1177 in Kimbolton, Hampshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford (1176 – 1 June 1220) was an Anglo-Norman nobleman.

He was Earl of Hereford and Hereditary Constable of England from 1199 to 1220.

Lineage

He was the son of Humphrey III de Bohun and Margaret of Huntingdon, daughter of Henry of Scotland, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon, a son of David I of Scotland. His paternal grandmother was Margaret of Hereford, eldest daughter of Miles de Gloucester, 1st Earl of Hereford and Constable of England. Bohun's half-sister was Constance, Duchess of Brittany; his sister by Humphrey III de Bohun and Margaret of Huntingdon was Matilda.

Earldom

The male line of Miles of Gloucester having failed, on the accession of King John of England, Bohun was created Earl of Hereford and Constable of England (1199). The lands of the family lay chiefly on the Welsh Marches, and from this date the Bohuns took a foremost place among the Marcher barons.[1]

Henry de Bohun figured with the earls of Clare and Gloucester among the twenty-five barons who were elected by their fellows to enforce the terms of the Magna Carta in 1215, and was subsequently excommunicated by the Pope.

Marriage and Children

He married Maud de Mandeville (or Maud FitzGeoffrey), daughter of Geoffrey Fitz Peter, 1st Earl of Essex. Their children were:

Humphrey V de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford, married Maud de Lusignan, by whom he had at least three children.
Henry de Bohun, who died young.
Ralph de Bohun.

Later career

In the civil war that followed the Magna Carta, he was also a supporter of King Louis VIII of France and was captured at the Battle of Lincoln in 1217.[1] He died while on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land.[3]

Preceded by Humphrey III de Bohun Lord High Constable 1199–1220 Succeeded by Humphrey V de Bohun Preceded by New Creation Earl of Hereford 1199–1220 Succeeded by Humphrey V de Bohun

References

Cokayne, G. (ed. by V. Gibbs). Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom. London:1887-1896, H-457-459
^ Jump up to: a b Public Domain One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Davis, Henry (1911). "Bohun". In Chisholm, Hugh. Encyclopµdia Britannica. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 137.
Jump up ^ Cawley, Charles; Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, Medieval Lands Project; ENGLAND, EARLS CREATED 1067-1122 v3.1; HEREFORD, EARLS of HEREFORD 1200-1373 (BOHUN) (Chap 2D); Humphrey III de Bohun
Jump up ^ BOMC: Profiles of Magna Charta Sureties and Other Supporters

Died:
en route to the Holy Land...

Family/Spouse: Maud FitzGeoffrey. Maud (daughter of Sir Geoffrey FitzPiers, Knight, Earl of Essex and Beatrice de Saye) was born in 1176-1177 in Walden, Essex, England; died on 27 Aug 1236. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Margaret of Huntingdon (died before 1228) was the eldest daughter of David, Earl of Huntingdon (died 1219) and his wife, Maud (died 1233), sister of Ranulf III, Earl of Chester (died 1232),[1] and daughter of Hugh II, Earl of Chester (died 1181).[2]

Margaret was the second wife of Alan, Lord of Galloway (died 1234).[3] She and Alan married in 1209,[4] and had a family of a son and two daughters.

The elder daughter, Christiana, married William de Forz (died 1260).[5]

The younger daughter, Dervorguilla (died 1290), married John de Balliol, Lord of Barnard Castle (died 1268).[6] Margaret and Alan's son, Thomas—Alan's only legitimate son—may have lived into the 1220s, but died young.

Margaret married Sir Alan of Galloway, Lord of Galloway, Constable of Scotland in 1209. Alan (son of Sir Roland of Galloway, Lord of Galloway and Helen de Morville) was born in 1186 in Galloway, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland; died in ~ 2 Feb 1234 in Kirkcudbright, Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland; was buried in Dundrennan Abbey, Dundrennan, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Isabella married Sir Robert de Brus, 4th Lord of Annandale in ~1219. Robert (son of Sir William de Brus, 3rd Lord of Annandale and Beatrice de Teyden) was born in ~1195 in (Annan, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland); died in 1226; was buried in Sawtrey Abbey, Cambridgeshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

John married Lady Elen ferch Llywelyn in ~1222. Elen (daughter of Llywelyn The Great and Joan Plantagenet, Lady of Wales) was born in 1212-1218 in (Wales); died in 0___ 1253. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Ada "Ada of Huntingdon" de Hastings formerly Huntingdon
Born about 1200 in Huntingdon, Huntingdonshire, England
ANCESTORS ancestors
Daughter of David (Huntingdon) of Scotland and Mabel (Chester) of Huntingdon
Sister of Henry Dunkeld, Helen Dunkeld, Unknown (Huntingdon) Fleming [half], Ada (Huntingdon) Strathearn [half], Robert (Dunkeld) Huntingdon, Henry de Brechin [half], Henry (Huntingdon) de Huntingdon [half], David (Huntingdon) de Huntingdon, Margaret (Huntingdon) of Galloway, Isabelle (Huntingdon) de Bruce, Unknown (Huntington) of Scotland and John (Huntingdon) de Huntingdon
Wife of Henry (Hastings) de Hastings — married after 1224 [location unknown]
DESCENDANTS descendants
Mother of Ada (Hastings) de Brereton, Margaret Hastings, Henry (Hastings) de Hastings and Hilary (Hastings) de Harcourt
Died about 1242 in Cheshire, England

Profile managers: Katherine Patterson Find Relationship private message [send private message], Darlene Athey-Hill Find Relationship private message [send private message], British Royals and Aristocrats WikiTree private message [send private message], and Diann George private message [send private message]
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British Aristocracy
Ada (Huntingdon) de Hastings was a member of aristocracy in the British Isles.
Join: British Royals and Aristocrats Project
Discuss: EUROARISTO
== Ada was only married once ==

Please note that many sources and websites claim that Ada was married to Ralph de Brereton and/or William de Handsacre.

Ada of Huntingdon had but one husband, Sir Henry de Hastings. She did not marry (2nd) Sir Ralph de Brereton or William de Handsacre. The possibility exists that Sir Ralph de Brereton may have been married to her daughter, Ada de Hastings, widow of Sir Hubert Hovel. It is also possible that Sir Ralph de Brereton's widow married William de Handsacre. (See 'sources' below for link to posting by Douglas Richardson to SGM on this topic. Mr. Richardson also stated the existence of only one marriage for Ada in the latest edition of his book, "Magna Carta Ancestry".)

The following is from a 2008 posting by Douglas Richardson to SGM:

"Ada was certainly living in 1237, when she was co-heiress to her brother, John of Scotland, Earl of Chester and Huntingdon. She was likewise living in June 1241, when Stephen de Meverel sued William de Ferrers, Earl of Derby, and Agnes his wife regarding the advowson of Gatton, Staffordshire; William and Agnes appeared by attorney, and stated that the advowson formed part of the inheritance of Agnes, which fell to her by the death of Ranulph, Earl of Chester, and that they could not answer without their co-parceners, , viz., Hugh de Aubeney, Earl of Arundel, Hawise de Quincy, Countess of Lincoln, Henry de Hastings and Ada his wife, Isabel de Brus, John de Balliol and Dervorgoil his wife, and William de Forz, and Christian his wife [see Colls. Hist. Staffs. 4 (1883): 90-102]. Ada was last known to be living 4 August 1241, but died before Trinity term 1242 (date of lawsuit) [see Curia Regis Rolls, 18 (1999): 21, 104–105, 193–194, 314, 335, 339; 19 (2002): 26, 48, 416].

"That Ada predeceased her husband, Sir Henry de Hastings, is further proven by the Pipe Rolls of 1247, which record that Henry de Hastings was then holding the manors of Condover and Worfield, Shropshire, “by reason of the heirs of Ada his wife whom he has by the said Ada” (that is, he was holding Ada's lands by courtesy of England) [see Eyton, Antiqs. of Shropshire 3 (1856): 108].

Children
Sir Henry and Ada had four known children, namely one son, Henry, Knt., and three daughters, Ada (wife of Hubert Hovel, Knt.), Margery, and Hillary (wife of William de Harcourt, Knt.).

Sources
Royal Ancestry 2013 D. Richardson Vol. III p. 249-252
Magna Carta Ancestry 2011 2nd ed. Vol. III p. 321-324
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
3 Dec 2008 posting to SGM of Douglas Richardson re: Ada of Huntingdon derkeiler.
Pedigree in Visitation of Cornwall, Vivian ed., 1887, p.105
Geni .
Fabpedigree.
The Phillips, Weber, Kirk, & Staggs families of the Pacific Northwest.
Celtic Royal Genealogy.
Geneastar.

end of this biography

Ada married Henry de Hastings after 1224. Henry was born in (England). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Alexander married Margaret of England, Queen of Scots on 26 Dec 1251 in York Minster, York, Yorkshire, England. Margaret (daughter of Henry III, King of England and Eleanor of Provence, Queen of England, Princess of Castile) was born on 29 Sep 1251 in Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England; died on 26 Feb 1275 in Cupar Castle, Cupar, Fife, Scotland; was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Birth: 1192
Helmsley
North Yorkshire, England
Death: 1264, England

Knight of Helmsley and Hunsingore, Yorkshire

Son and heir to Robert de Ros and Isabel of Scotland, grandson of Everard de Ros and Roese Trussebut, William the Lion, King of Scotland and a mistress Avenel. Sir Robert was born before 1200.

Husband of Lucy FitzPeter, daughter of Peter FitzHerbert of Blaen Llyfni, Breconshire, Wales and Alice FitzRobert, daughter of Robert FitzRoger of Warkworth, Northumbria. They were married before 24 Jan 1234 and had six sons and two daughters;

* Sir Robert
* Sir Peter
* Sir William
* Sir Alexander
* Herbert
* John
* Lucy
* Alice

William was excommunicated with his father by Pope Innocent III on 16th of December 1215. He was taken as prisoner at the Battle of Lincoln on 20 May 1217, released on sureties 26 Oct 1217. He took no part in the Baron's war and was apparently faithful to the king. Sir William was the benefactor of the monasteries of Kirkham, Rievaulx, Meaux and of the Templars.

Sir William died 1258 or 1264, buried at Kirkham. His widow, Lucy, was alive Michaelmas 1266.

Sir William's name is spelled both Ros and Roos.

Family links:
Parents:
Robert De Ros (1170 - 1226)
Isabella nic William de Ros (1175 - 1240)

Spouse:
Lucy FitzPiers de Ros (1207 - 1267)*

Children:
Alice de Ros (____ - 1286)*
William de Ros (____ - 1310)*
Robert de Ros (1223 - 1285)*
Lucy de Ros de Kyme (1230 - ____)*

Sibling:
William de Ros (1192 - 1264)
Robert de Ros (1195 - 1269)*

*Calculated relationship

Burial:
Kirkham Priory
Kirkham
Ryedale District
North Yorkshire, England

Maintained by: Anne Shurtleff Stevens
Originally Created by: Jerry Ferren
Record added: May 25, 2011
Find A Grave Memorial# 70352904

William married Lady Lucy FitzPeter, Baroness de Ros before 24 Jan 1234 in Helmsley, Yorkshire, England. Lucy (daughter of Sir Peter FitzHerbert, Lord of Brecknock and Alice FitzRoger) was born in 1207-1210 in Forest Dean, Gloucestershire, England; died in 1267 in North Yorkshire, England; was buried in Kirkham Priory, Kirkham, North Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Beatrice Beatrix de Saye (de Say)
Also Known As: "Beatrix"
Birthdate: circa 1169
Birthplace: Kimbolton, St Neots, Huntingdonshire, England
Death: Died April 19, 1197 in Shouldham,Downham,Norfolk,England
Place of Burial: Shouldham Priory
Immediate Family:
Daughter of William de Saye, III (II) and unknown de Saye
Wife of Geoffrey FitzPiers, Earl of Essex
Mother of Geoffrey Mandeville Earl Of Essex, Earl of Gloucester; Maud fitzGeoffrey de Mandeville, Countess of Essex; William FitzGeoffrey Mandeville, 3rd Earl of Essex and Henry De Mandeville, Dean Of Wolverhampton
Sister of Maud de Saye
Managed by: James Fred Patin, Jr.
Last Updated: February 8, 2016

About Beatrice, Heiress of Mandeville and Essex
Her husband Geoffrey FitzPiers became Earl of Essex, and owner of Mandeville property, through her inheritance, and tis passed on to her children, which is why they carry the Mandeville name.

http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/ENGLISH%20NOBILITY%20MEDIEVAL1.htm

WILLIAM de Say of Kimbolton, Huntingdonshire and Saham, Norfolk (-before 1 Aug 1177). The History of the foundation of Walden abbey names “Willielmus de Say…et Gaufridus frater eius” as the two sons of “Beatrix de Mandavilla domina de Say, soror Galfridi primi, fundatoris, et amita Willielmi”[861]. The Chronicon Rameseiensis records the donations made by "Willelmum de Say…et mater sua Beatrix", dated to [1150/60][862]. The Red Book of the Exchequer refers to "Willelmus de Say ii m" in Cambridgeshire, Huntingdonshire in [1161/62][863]. m ---. The name of William´s wife is not known. William & his wife had two children:

BEATRICE de Say, daughter and co-heiress of WILLIAM de Say of Kimbolton, Huntingdonshire & his wife --- (-before 19 Apr 1197, bur Chicksand Priory). The History of the foundation of Walden abbey names “Beatricem” as daughter of “Willielmus de Say”, son of “Beatrix de Mandavilla domina de Say, soror Galfridi primi, fundatoris, et amita Willielmi” and adds that she married “domino Galfrido filio Petri”[556]. Through her paternal grandmother, Beatrice de Mandeville, Beatrice was heir to William de Mandeville Earl of Essex. She died in childbirth, presumably giving birth either to her youngest son Henry or to her daughter Matilda.

m (before 25 Jan 1185)

GEOFFREY FitzPiers (-14 Oct 1213, bur Shouldham Priory). Having acquired part of the Mandeville inheritance from 1190, de iure uxoris, he was created Earl of Essex 27 May 1199. “Gaufridus filius Petri comes Essex” donated the chapel of St Peter, Drayton to York Cathedral by undated charter[551]. The Red Book of the Exchequer, listing scutage payments in [1194/95], records "Galfridus filius Petri" paying "iv xx xviii [=98?] l vi s viii d" in Essex, Herefordshire[552]. The Continuator of Florence of Worcester records that King John gave "comitatum Estsexiµ" to "Galfrido filio Petri" the day of his coronation "VI Kal Jul" 1199[553]. The Annals of Waverley record the death in 1213 of “Gaufridus filius Petri comes de Essexe et justitiarius totius Angliµ”[554]. The History of the foundation of Walden abbey records the death in 1214 of “Galfridus filius Petri, comes Essexiµ” and his burial “apud Soldham”[555].

Earl Geoffrey & his first wife had four children:

a) GEOFFREY de Mandeville (-London 23 Feb 1216, bur Trinity Prior within Aldgate). The History of the foundation of Walden abbey names “Galfridus…Willielmus cognomina Mandavilla…et Matildis, Humfrido de Bohun comiti Herefordiµ maritata” as children of “domino Galfrido filio Petri” & his wife[557]. He succeeded his father in 1213 as Earl of Essex. He became Earl of Gloucester on his marriage, by right of his wife. He supported the barons against King John in 1215, and was excommunicated by the Pope 16 Dec 1215 and his lands given to Savary de Mauleon 20 Dec 1215 or before. He was mortally wounded at a tournament in London[558]. m firstly MATILDA, daughter of ROBERT FitzWalter of Woodham Walter, Essex & his first wife Gunnor de Valoignes (-1212, bur Dunmow Priory). The 13th century Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d´Angleterre records that "Joffrois de Mandeville" married "la fille Robiert le fil Gautier"[559]. m secondly ([16/26] Jan 1214) as her second husband, ISABEL [Avise] Countess of Gloucester, divorced wife of JOHN King of England, daughter of WILLIAM FitzRobert Earl of Gloucester & his wife Avise de Beaumont ([before 1176]-14 Oct or [18 Nov] 1217, bur Canterbury Cathedral Church). The Chronica de Fundatoribus et Fundatione of Tewkesbury Abbey records the second marriage of “Isabellam” and “Galfrido de Mandevile comiti Essexiµ”, and her third marriage to “Huberto de Burgo justiciario Angliµ”[560]. She must have been considerably older than her second husband, although his precise birth date is not known. Her lands and title were confiscated on the death of her second husband. She married thirdly ([Sep] 1217) as his second wife, Hubert de Burgh, who was created Earl of Kent in 1227. The Annals of Waverley record the death in 1217 of “Isabel comitissa Gloucestriµ”[561]. The Annals of Dunstable record that “Johannam comitissam Gloucestriµ” died “paucos dies” after her marriage to “Hubertus de Burgo justiciarius Angliµ” and was buried “apud Cantuarium”[562].

b) WILLIAM de Mandeville (-8 Jan 1227, bur Shouldham Priory). The History of the foundation of Walden abbey names “Galfridus…Willielmus cognomina Mandavilla…et Matildis, Humfrido de Bohun comiti Herefordiµ maritata” as children of “domino Galfrido filio Petri” & his wife[563]. He succeeded his brother in 1216 as Earl of Essex, although his lands were not returned to him until 4 Oct 1217[564]. The Annales Londonienses record the death in 1227 of "Willelmus de Mandeville comes Essexiµ"[565]. The History of the foundation of Walden abbey records the death in 1228 of “Willielmus Mandeville comes Essex ex parte matris et filius Galfridi Petri” and his burial “apud Soldham”[566]. The Annals of Tewkesbury record the death in Jan 1227 of “W. de Mandeville”[567]. m (before 18 Nov 1220) as her first husband, CHRISTINE, daughter of ROBERT FitzWalter of Woodham Walter Essex & his first wife Gunnor de Valoignes (-before 17 Jun 1232, bur Shouldham Priory). Her older sister had been the first wife of her husband's older brother Geoffrey Earl of Essex. She married secondly ([9 Jan/15 May] 1227) Raymond de Burgh of Dartford, Kent. The Annals of Dunstable record that “Hubertus de Burgo…Remundus nepos eius” married “comitissam Essexiµ” in 1227[568]. The History of the foundation of Walden abbey records that “Cristiana uxore sua, comitissa Essexiµ” was buried with her (first) husband “apud Soldham”[569].

c) HENRY (-[5 Aug 1205/before 1227]). Dean of Wolverhampton 5 Aug 1205[570].

d) MATILDA (-27 Aug 1236). The History of the foundation of Walden abbey names “Galfridus…Willielmus cognomina Mandavilla…et Matildis, Humfrido de Bohun comiti Herefordiµ maritata” as children of “domino Galfrido filio Petri” & his wife[571]. She succeeded her brother, William de Mandeville Earl of Essex, in 1227 as Ctss of Essex, suo iure. Her divorce [from her second husband] by a church council convened at St Alban's, mandated by the Pope, was recorded by Matthew of Paris[572]. The Annals of Dunstable record that “comitissa Herfordiµ” died in 1236[573]. m firstly HENRY de Bohun Earl of Hereford, son of HUMPHREY de Bohun, hereditary Constable of England & his wife Margaret of Huntingdon (-1 Jun 1220, bur Llanthony Priory, Gloucester). m secondly (before 1227, divorced St Alban's 1231 [before 24 Apr 1233], divorce revoked before Jul 1236[574]) ROGER de Daunteseye of Dauntsey, Wiltshire (-after Aug 1238).

BEATRICE2 DE SAY (William1), daughter of (1) William1 de SAY, was born between 1071 and 1171, and died before 1 Jan.[2] She married before 25 Jan. 1184/5, (XQ-2) GEOFFREY FITZ PIERS, EARL OF ESSEX[2] of Walden, Essex, England, United Kingdom, son of (XQ-1) Piers and (YC-4) Maud (de MANDEVILLE) LUTEGARESHALE, who was born circa 1162, and died on 14 Oct. 1213[2]. [3]

Child of: Geoffrey2 FITZ PIERS, Earl of Essex and Beatrice de SAY:

+ 3 i. MAUD3 FITZ GEOFFREY, d. on 27 Aug. 1236; m. (EU-3) HENRY DE BOHUN, EARL OF HEREFORD.

1. Frederick Lewis Weis, "Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists", 7th ed., Genealogical Publishing Co., Inc., 1999, (97-27+).

2. Frederick Lewis Weis, "The Magna Charta Sureties, 1215", Genealogical Publishing Company, 5th ed., 1999.

3. Ibid., (160-3+).

*

*Beatrice de Saye
born about 1169 Kimbolton, Hampshire, England
died before 19 April 1197

father:

*William de Say
born about 1137 -- Kimbelton, Norfolk, England
Death:
1 AUG 1177 -

mother:

*Anfrica of Scotland
born about 1141 -- Scotland


siblings:
unknown

spouse:

*Geoffrey Fitzpiers de Mandeville Earl of Essex
born about 1162 Walden, Essex, England
christened Cherhill, Wiltshire, England
died 14 October 1213

children:

*Maud (Mathilda) Fitzgeoffrey
born <1186> Walden, Essex, England
died 27 August 1236

biographical and/or anecdotal:

notes or source:
LDS
ancestry.com

*

Family/Spouse: Sir Geoffrey FitzPiers, Knight, Earl of Essex. Geoffrey was born in 0___ 1162 in Walden, Essex, England; died on 14 Oct 1213. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Saveric FitzGeoffrey. Saveric was born in 0___ 1205 in County Kildare, Ireland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Humphrey (IV) de Bohun (1204 – 24 September 1275) was 2nd Earl of Hereford and 1st Earl of Essex, as well as Constable of England. He was the son of Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford, and Maud FitzGeoffrey).

Career

He was one of the nine godfathers of Prince Edward, later to be Edward I of England. He served as High Sheriff of Kent for 1239–1240.

In 1258, after returning from a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, Humphrey fell away, like his father, from the royal to the baronial cause. He served as a nominee of the opposition on the committee of twenty-four which was appointed, in the Oxford parliament of that year, to create the Provisions of Oxford to reform the administration. It was only the alliance of Montfort with Llewelyn of North Wales that brought the earl of Hereford back to his allegiance. Humphrey V headed the first secession of the Welsh Marchers from the party of the opposition (1263), and was amongst the captives whom the Montfortians took at the Battle of Lewes.[1]

The earl's son and namesake was on the victorious side, and shared in the defeat of Evesham, which he did not long survive. Humphrey V was, therefore, naturally selected as one of the twelve arbitrators to draw up the Dictum of Kenilworth (1266), by which the disinherited rebels were allowed to make their peace. Dying in 1275, he was succeeded by his grandson Humphrey VII.[1]

Marriage and children

He married c. 1236 Maud de Lusignan (c. 1210 – 14 August 1241, buried at Llanthony, Gloucester), daughter of Raoul I of Lusignan, Comte d'Eu by marriage, and second wife Alix d'Eu, 8th Comtesse d'Eu and 4th Lady of Hastings, and had issue. Their children were:

Humphrey (V) de Bohun, who predeceased his father in 1265. The earldom therefore passed through him to his son Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford)
Henry de Bohun
Geoffrey de Bohun
Ralph de Bohun, Clerk
Maud de Bohun, married (1) Anselm Marshal, 6th Earl of Pembroke; (2) Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester
Alice de Bohun, married Roger V de Toeni
Eleanor de Bohun, married Sir John de Verdun, Baron of Westmeath
He married secondly, Maud de Avenbury (d. 8 October 1273), with whom he had two sons:

John de Bohun
Sir Miles de Bohun
Death & burial[edit]
He died in Warwickshire and was buried at Llanthony Secunda, Gloucester.

References

^ Jump up to: a b Public Domain One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Bohun". Encyclopµdia Britannica. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 137.
Complete Peerage

Humphrey married Maud de Lusignan in ~ 1246. Maud was born in ~ 1210 in Eu, Normandy, France; died on 14 Aug 1241; was buried in Llanthony Secunda, Gloucester, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Dervorguilla of Galloway (c. 1210 - 28 January 1290) was a 'lady of substance' in 13th century Scotland, the wife from 1223 of John, 5th Baron de Balliol, and mother of John I, a future king of Scotland.

The name Dervorguilla or Devorgilla was a Latinization of the Gaelic Dearbhfhorghaill (alternative spellings, Derborgaill or Dearbhorghil).

Family

Dervorguilla was one of the three daughters and heiresses of the Gaelic prince Alan, Lord of Galloway. She was born to Alan's second wife Margaret of Huntingdon, who was the eldest daughter of David of Scotland, 8th Earl of Huntingdon and Matilda (or Maud) of Chester. David in turn was the youngest brother to two Kings of Scotland, Malcolm IV and William the Lion. Thus, through her mother, Dervorguilla was descended from the Kings of Scotland, including David I.

Dervorguilla's father died in 1234 without a legitimate son (he had an illegitimate son Thomas). According to both Anglo-Norman feudal laws and to ancient Gaelic customs, Dervorguilla was one of his heiresses, her two sisters Helen and Christina being older and therefore senior. This might be considered an unusual practice in England, but it was more common in Scotland and in Western feudal tradition. Because of this, Dervorguilla bequeathed lands in Galloway to her descendants, the Balliol and the Comyns. Dervorguilla's son John of Scotland was briefly a King of Scots too, known as Toom Tabard (Scots: 'puppet king' literally "empty coat").

Life

The Balliol family into which Devorguilla married was based at Barnard Castle in County Durham, England. Although the date of her birth is uncertain, her apparent age of 13 was by no means unusually early for betrothal and marriage at the time.

In 1263, her husband Sir John was required to make penance after a land dispute with Walter Kirkham, Bishop of Durham. Part of this took the very expensive form of founding a College for the poor at the University of Oxford. Sir John's own finances were less substantial than those of his wife, however, and long after his death it fell to Devorguilla to confirm the foundation, with the blessing of the same Bishop as well as the University hierarchy. She established a permanent endowment for the College in 1282, as well as its first formal Statutes. The college still retains the name Balliol College, where the history students' society is called the Devorguilla society and an annual seminar series featuring women in academia is called the Dervorguilla Seminar Series. While a Requiem Mass in Latin was sung at Balliol for the 700th anniversary of her death, it is believed that this was sung as a one-off, rather than having been marked in previous centuries.

Devorguilla founded a Cistercian Abbey 7 miles south of Dumfries in South West Scotland, in April 1273. It still stands as a picturesque ruin of red sandstone.

When Sir John died in 1269, his widow, Dervorguilla, had his heart embalmed and kept in a casket of ivory bound with silver. The casket travelled with her for the rest of her life. In 1274–5 John de Folkesworth arraigned an assize of novel disseisin against Devorguilla and others touching a tenement in Stibbington, Northamptonshire. In 1275–6 Robert de Ferrers arraigned an assize of mort d'ancestor against her touching a messuage in Repton, Derbyshire. In 1280 Sir John de Balliol's executors, including his widow, Devorguilla, sued Alan Fitz Count regarding a debt of ¹100 claimed by the executors from Alan. In 1280 she was granted letters of attorney to Thomas de Hunsingore and another in England, she staying in Galloway. The same year Devorguilla, Margaret de Ferrers, Countess of Derby, Ellen, widow of Alan la Zouche, and Alexander Comyn, Earl of Buchan, and Elizabeth his wife sued Roger de Clifford and Isabel his wife and Roger de Leybourne and Idoine his wife regarding the manors of Wyntone, King’s Meaburn, Appleby, and Brough-under-Stainmore, and a moiety of the manor of Kyrkby-Stephan, all in Westmorland. The same year Devorguilla sued John de Veer for a debt of ¹24. In 1280–1 Laurence Duket arraigned an assize of novel disseisin again Devorguilla and others touching a hedge destroyed in Cotingham, Middlesex. In 1288 she reached agreement with John, Abbot of Ramsey, regarding a fishery in Ellington.

In her last years, the main line of the royal House of Scotland was threatened by a lack of male heirs, and Devorguilla, who died just before the young heiress Margaret, the Maid of Norway, might, if she had outlived her, have been one of the claimants to her throne. Devorguilla was buried beside her husband at New Abbey, which was christened 'Sweetheart Abbey', the name which it retains to this day. The depredations suffered by the Abbey in subsequent periods have caused both graves to be lost.

Successors

Dervorguilla and John de Balliol had issue:

Sir Hugh de Balliol, who died without issue before 10 April 1271.[1]
Alan de Balliol, who died without issue.[1]
Sir Alexander de Balliol, who died without issue before 13 November 1278.[1][2]
King John of Scotland, successful competitor for the Crown in 1292.[1]
Cecily de Balliol, who married John de Burgh, Knt., of Walkern, Hertfordshire.[1]
Ada de Balliol, who married in 1266, William de Lindsay, of Lamberton.[1][3]
Margaret (died unmarried)
Eleanor de Balliol, who married John II Comyn, Lord of Badenoch.[1][4]
Maud, who married Sir Bryan FitzAlan, Lord FitzAlan, of Bedale, Knt., (d. 1 June 1306),[5][6][7] who succeeded the Earl of Surrey as Guardian and Keeper of Scotland for Edward I of England.
Owing to the deaths of her elder three sons, all of whom were childless, Dervorguilla's fourth and youngest surviving son John of Scotland asserted a claim to the crown in 1290 when queen Margaret died. He won in arbitration against the rival Robert Bruce, 5th Lord of Annandale in 1292, and subsequently was king of Scotland for four years (1292–96).

Aunt and niece

She should not be confused with her father's sister,[8][9][10] Dervorguilla of Galloway, heiress of Whissendine, who married Nicholas II de Stuteville. Her daughter Joan de Stuteville married 1stly Sir Hugh Wake, Lord of Bourne and 2ndly Hugh Bigod (Justiciar). Her other daughter Margaret married William de Mastac but died young.[11]

*

Dervorguilla married John de Balliol, King of Scotland in ~ 1223. John (son of Sir Hugh Balliol, Baron of Bywell and Cecily Fontaines) was born before 1208 in Bernard Castle, Gainford, Durham, England; died on 25 Oct 1268 in St Waast, Bailleul, Nord, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Contents
[hide]
1 Biography
2 Sources
2.1 Footnotes
2.2 Acknowledgments
Biography
Eve was born in 1215. Eve Galloway ... She passed away in 1280. [1]

Can you add any information on Eve Galloway? Please help grow her WikiTree profile. Everything you see here is a collaborative work-in-progress.

Sources
No sources. The events of Eve's life were either witnessed by Darrell Parker or Darrell plans to add sources here later.

Footnotes
? Entered by Darrell Parker, Tuesday, August 20, 2013.
Acknowledgments
Thank you to Darrell Parker for creating Galloway-728 on 20 Aug 13. Click the Changes tab for the details on contributions by Darrell and others.

end of profile

Family/Spouse: Richard Comyn, of Badenoch. Richard (son of William Comyn, Lord of Badenoch and Sarah FitzHugh) was born in 1190-1194 in (Buchan, Aberdeenshire, Scotland); died in 1244-1249 in (Buchan, Aberdeenshire, Scotland). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Robert V de Brus (Robert de Brus), 5th Lord of Annandale (ca. 1210 – 31 March or 3 May 1295[1]), was a feudal lord, Justice and Constable of Scotland and England, a Regent of Scotland, and a competitor for the Scottish throne in 1290/92 in the Great Cause. His grandson Robert the Bruce eventually became King of Scots.

Life

Early life

Robert was son of Robert Bruce, 4th Lord of Annandale and Isobel of Huntingdon. Widely known as Robert the Noble, he was also grandson of David of Scotland, 8th Earl of Huntingdon and Matilda de Kevilloc of Chester, Great-grandson of Henry of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon and Northumberland and Ada de Warenne and Great-great grandson of King David I of Scotland and Maud, Countess of Huntingdon.

In addition to Annandale, Robert was Lord of Hartlepool (otherwise known as Hartness) in county Durham and Writtle and Hatfield Broadoak in Essex, England. His first wife brought to him the village of Ripe, in Sussex, and his second wife the Lordship of Ireby in Cumberland.[2]

His possessions were increased following the defeat of Simon de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham (1265), via a series of grants that included the estates of the former rebel barons Walter de Fauconberg, John de Melsa and his brother Bernard. These grants were possibly compensation for the ransom his son Robert, negotiated and paid to his brother Bernard, and nephew Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester, for his release following his capture, at the Battle of Lewes (1264). Henry III also re-appointed Robert a Justice, and Constable of Carlisle Castle and keeper of the Castle there in 1267, a position he had been dismissed from in 1255. Robert sought pardon from Alexander and probably joined the princes Edward and Edmund on their August 1270-74 crusade, as Robert if not Richard possibly failed to attend, or returned early, as the younger Robert is recorded as receiving a quitclaim in Writtle, Essex in October 1271[3][4]

In 1271-2, Robert obtained the hand of Marjorie of Carrick, the young widowed heiress of Niall of Carrick, 2nd Earl of Carrick for his son, also called Robert de Brus. Around this time his first wife Isabella de Clare of Gloucester and Hertford dies, the date is unknown as she's last recorded receiving a gift of deer from King Henry in Essex, in 1271, but on the 3 May 1273 Robert married Christina de Ireby, the Widow of Adam Jesmond, the Sheriff of Northumberland. The marriage added estates in Cumberland and dower land from her previous husband, to the Brus holdings. Following the marriage Robert appears to have restricted himself to the management of the family's northern possessions, leaving the southern to his sons'.[4]

Robert Bruce was Regent of Scotland some time during minority of his second cousin King Alexander III of Scotland (1241–1286) and was occasionally recognised as a Tanist of the Scottish throne. He was the closest surviving male relative to the king: Margaret of Huntingdon's issue were all females up until birth of Hugh Balliol sometime in the 1260s. When Alexander yet was childless, he was officially named as heir presumptive, but never gained the throne as Alexander managed to beget three children. The succession in the main line of the House of Dunkeld became highly precarious when towards the end of Alexander's reign, all three of his children died within a few years. The middle-aged Alexander III induced in 1284 the Estates to recognise as his heir-presumptive his granddaughter Margaret, called the "Maid of Norway", his only surviving descendant. The need for a male heir led Alexander to contract a second marriage to Yolande de Dreux on 1 November 1285. All this was eventually in vain. Alexander died suddenly, in a fall from his horse, when only 45 years old, in 1286. His death ushered in a time of political upheaval for Scotland. His three-year-old granddaughter Margaret, who lived in Norway, was recognised as his successor. However, the then 7-year old heiress Margaret died, travelling towards her kingdom, on the Orkney Islands around 26 September 1290. With her death, the main royal line came to an end and thirteen claimants asserted their rights to the Scottish Throne.

The Great Cause

After this extinction of the senior line of the Scottish royal house (the line of William I of Scotland) David of Huntingdon's descendants were the primary candidates for the throne. The two most notable claimants to the throne, John Balliol and Robert himself represented descent through David's daughters Margaret and Isobel respectively.

Robert Bruce pleaded tanistry and proximity of blood in the succession dispute. He descended from the second daughter of David of Huntingdon, whereas John Balliol descended from the eldest, and thus had the lineal right. However, Robert was a second cousin of kings of Scotland and descended in 4th generation from King David I of Scotland, whereas John Balliol was a third cousin of kings and descended in 5th generation from King David I, the most recent common ancestor who had been Scottish king. The ensuing 'Great Cause' was concluded in 1292. It gave the Crown of Scotland to his family's great rival, John Balliol. The events took place as follows:

Soon after the death of young queen Margaret, Robert Bruce raised a body of men with the help of the Earls of Mar and Atholl and marched to Perth with a considerable following and uncertain intentions. Bishop William Fraser of St. Andrews, worried of the possibility of civil war, wrote to Edward I of England, asking for his assistance in choosing a new monarch.

Edward took this chance to demand sasine of the Scottish royal estate, but agreed to pass judgment in return for recognition of his suzerainty. The guardians of Scotland denied him this, but Robert Bruce was quick to pay homage. All the claimants swore oaths of homage, and John Balliol was the last to do so. The guardians were forced to concede and were thus reinstated by Edward.

Judgment processed slowly. On 3 August 1291 Edward asked both Balliol and Bruce to choose forty auditors while he himself chose twenty-four, to decide the case. After considering all of the arguments, in early November the court decided in favour of John Balliol, having the superior claim in feudal law, not to mention greater support from the kingdom of Scotland. In accordance with this, final judgement was given by Edward on 17 November. On 30 November, John Balliol was crowned as King of Scots at Scone Abbey. On 26 December, at Newcastle upon Tyne, King John swore homage to Edward I for the kingdom of Scotland. Edward soon made it clear that he regarded the country as his vassal state. The Bruce family thus lost what they regarded as their rightful place on the Scottish throne.

Later years

Robert, 5th Lord of Annandale resigned the lordship of Annandale and his claim to the throne to his eldest son Robert de Brus. Shortly afterwards, in 1292, the younger Robert's wife Marjorie of Carrick died and the earldom of Carrick, which Robert had ruled jure uxoris, devolved upon their eldest son, also called Robert, the future King.

In 1292, Robert V de Brus held a market at Ireby, Cumberland, in right of his wife. The following year he had a market at Hartlepool, county Durham within the liberties of the Bishop of Durham.[5]

Sir Robert de Brus died at Lochmaben Castle and was buried at Gisborough Priory in Cleveland.[5]

Family and children

He married firstly on 12 May 1240 Lady Isabella de Clare (2 November 1226 – after 10 July 1264), daughter of Gilbert de Clare, 4th Earl of Hertford and 5th Earl of Gloucester and Lady Isabel Marshal, with issue:

Isabel de Brus (1249 – c. 1284), married (as his first wife) Sir John FitzMarmaduke, Knt., of Horden, Eighton, Lamesley, Ravensholm, and Silksworth, County Durham, Sheriff of North Durham, and Joint Warden beyond the Scottish Sea between the Firth of Forth and Orkney. He fought on the English side at the Battle of Falkirk, 22 July 1298, and was present at the Siege of Caerlaverock Castle in 1300. In 1307 he was commanded to assist the Earl of Richmond in expelling Robert de Brus and the Scottish rebels from Galloway. In 1309 his armour and provisions in a vessel bound for Perth were arrested off Great Yarmouth. He was governor of St. John's Town (Perth) in 1310 until his death. Isabel was buried at Easington, County Durham.[6]
Robert VI the Bruce, 6th Lord of Annandale, Earl of Carrick (1253–1304)
William de Brus, married Elizabeth de Sully, without issue
Sir Bernard de Bruce, of Connington, married firstly Alicia de Clare and married secondly Constance de Morleyn, and had:
Sir John Bruce, of Exton[disambiguation needed], married and had:
Jane Bruce, married Sir Nicholas Green
Richard de Brus (died ca. 26 January 1287), unmarried and without issue
He married, secondly on 3 May 1275 at Hoddam, in the Diocese of Glasgow, Christina (died ca. 1305 or 1305), daughter and heiress of Sir William de Ireby, of Ireby, Cumbria. They had no issue.

Despite claims by amateur genealogists, there is no evidence that Robert fathered other children.[7]

*

Died:
Lords of Annandale

By 1160, the Anglo-Norman de Brus (Bruce) family had become the Lords of Annandale. Robert de Brus Lord of Skelton in the Cleveland area of Yorkshire, was a notable figure at the court of King Henry I of England, where he became intimate with Prince David of Scotland, that monarch's brother-in-law. When the Prince became King David I of Scotland, in 1124, Bruce obtained from him the Lordship of Annandale, and great possessions in the south of Scotland. (de Brus was nevertheless buried at Guisborough, the place of his birth). By the 15th century the Lordship was in the hands of Alexander Stewart, Duke of Albany. Following his death in 1485 it, and the castle of Lochmaben, were annexed to the Crown by Act of Parliament dated 1 October 1487.[4]

Castles & Battles

At some point in the 13th century the Bruces built a castle, probably a Keep, at Lochmaben, the remains of which now lie under a golf course. It is claimed that King Robert I of Scotland (Bruce) was born there, which is why the town adopted the motto "From us is born the liberator king" (in Latin) on its coat of arms. However, this claim is relatively late; it cannot be ruled out, but his birthplace was more likely Turnberry Castle. Bruce certainly battled the English over this area during the Wars of Scottish Independence.

Images & History ... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lochmaben

Buried:
Gisborough Priory is a ruined Augustinian priory in Guisborough in the borough of Redcar and Cleveland and ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. It was founded in 1119 as the Priory of St Mary by the Norman feudal magnate Robert de Brus, also an ancestor of the Scottish king, Robert the Bruce. It became one of the richest monastic foundations in England with grants from the crown and bequests from de Brus, other nobles and gentry and local people of more modest means. Much of the Romanesque Norman priory was destroyed in a fire in 1289. It was rebuilt in the Gothic style on a grander scale over the following century. Its remains are regarded as among the finest surviving examples of early Gothic architecture in England.[1]

The priory prospered until the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1540, when it was abolished along with England's other monastic communities. The priory buildings were demolished and the stone re-used in other buildings in Guisborough.

Image & History ... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gisborough_Priory

Robert married Lady Isabel de Clare on 12 May 1240. Isabel (daughter of Sir Gilbert de Clare, Knight, 4th Earl of Hertford and Lady Isabel Marshal, Countess Marshall) was born on 2 Nov 1226 in Hertford, Hertfordshire, England; died on 10 Jul 1264. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Henry de Hastings (c. 1235–c. 1269) was created Baron in 1264 by Simon de Montfort. He led the Londoners at the Battle of Lewes, where he was taken prisoner, and fought at the Battle of Evesham. He resisted the King, Henry III at Kenilworth, and, after the Dictum of Kenilworth he commanded the last remnants of the baronial party when they made their last stand in the Isle of Ely, submitting to King Henry in July 1267.

Henry was the only son of Sir Henry de Hastings and Ada of Huntingdon, one of four daughters of David of Scotland, 8th Earl of Huntingdon and Maud of Chester. Henry married Joan de Cantilupe, daughter of William III de Cantilupe and Eva de Braose.

Although Henry was known by the title of Baron, his baronial title was not recognised by the crown; hence his son John Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings is regarded and enumerated as the first baron of the line.

end of this biogrpahy

Sir Henry "1st Baron Hastings" de Hastings formerly Hastings
Born about 1235 in Ashill, Swaffham, Norfolk, England
ANCESTORS ancestors
Son of Henry (Hastings) de Hastings and Ada (Huntingdon) de Hastings
Brother of Ada (Hastings) de Brereton, Margaret Hastings and Hilary (Hastings) de Harcourt
Husband of Joan (Cantilupe) de Hastings — married about 1261 [location unknown]
DESCENDANTS descendants
Father of Lora Hastings, John (Hastings) de Hastings, Auda (Hastings) Mareduc and Edmund Hastings
Died about 4 Mar 1269 in Ashill, Norfolk, England

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Henry Hastings is a descendant of a Magna Carta surety baron.
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Henry de Hastings was a descendant of Magna Carta surety baron Roger le Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk [1]

Biography
Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Vol. 25:

"Henry was under age at his father's death, and the king granted the wardship of his estates to Geoffrey de Lusignan, who, however, in the following year transferred it to William de Cantelupe. In 1260 Hastings received a summons to be at Shrewsbury in arms on 8 Sept. in order to take part in the Welsh war (Report on Dignity of a Peer, iii. 21). He was one of the young nobles who at the parliament held in May 1262 supported Simon de Montfort in his complaint of the non-observance of the provisions of Oxford (Wykes, iv. 133), and siding with the barons in the war of 1263 was one of those excommunicated by Archbishop Boniface. Hastings also joined on 13 Dec. 1263 in signing the instrument which bound the barons to abide by the award of Louis IX. In April 1264 he was in Kent with Gilbert de Clare, and took part in the siege of Rochester (Gervase, ii. 235). He marched with Earl Simon to Lewes, and was knighted by him, either on the morning before the battle on 14 May 1264 (ib. ii. 237), or at London on 4 May (according to Chr. Dover in MS. Cott. Julius, D. ii.). In the battle of Lewes Hastings commanded the Londoners, and took part in their flight from Edward. Afterwards he was made by Earl Simon constable of the castles of Scarborough and Winchester, and on 14 Dec. received the summons to parliament from which the extant barony of Hastings dates (Report on Dignity of a Peer, iii. 34).
He was one of the barons who were going to take part in the tournament at Dunstable in March 1265 (Cal. Rot. Pat. 49 Hen. III). He was taken prisoner at Evesham on 4 Aug. 1265, but afterwards obtaining his release joined Robert Ferrers earl of Derby [q. v.], at Chesterfield in the following May, and only escaped capture with him through being out hunting (Robert of Gloucester, 11849–56). He then went to Kenilworth, and, joining with John de la Ware and others, ravaged the surrounding country, and held the castle against the king from 24 June to 28 Oct.[2] Hastings was specially excepted from the ‘Dictum de Kenilworth,’ and sentenced to pay a fine of seven years' value of his estates. But being released he broke his oath not to take up arms again, and joining ‘the disinherited’ in the Isle of Ely became their leader (Wykes, iv. 203). He was, however, forced to submit to Edward in July 1267. He died next year.
Wykes, who was a royalist, speaks of his inordinate pride and violence, and calls him ‘malefactorum maleficus gubernator’ (ib. l.c.) He married Joanna de Cantelupe, daughter of his guardian [3] (she is sometimes called Eva, but cf. Cal. Gen. i. 197, and Ann. Dunst. iii. 257). By her, who survived him, he had with three daughters two sons, John, second baron [4] (1262–1313) [q. v.], and Edmund (see below). Hastings and his wife were buried in the church of the Friars Minor at Coventry (Dugdale, Antiq. Warw. i. 183). His barony, after many vicissitudes [see under Hastings, Sir Edward, (1381–1437)], was revived in 1841 in favour of Sir Jacob Astley, grandfather of the present Lord Hastings."
See Wikipedia article on Henry here.

Inquisition Post Mortem for his Suffolk and Norfolk lands is here. It lists:

Litgate manor with the advowson (extent given), held of the abbot of St. Edmund in chief by service of 1 knight.
Knights' fees held of the manor:—

Wrede, 1 fee held by Sir William de Valenc'.
Gaysle, ½ fee held by Alexander de la Cressunere; and ½ fee by Alexander de Beyvellers?
Poslingword, 1 fee held by William de Camera.
Cavenedis, 1 fee held by Sir Miles de Hastinges.
Koclyherling (?), ½ fee held by Thomas de Hackeford.
Tibeam, 1 fee held by Richard Liming' (?).
Gressing, 1 fee held by Sir Nicholas de Hasting'.
Purle, 1 fee held by Sir Hugh de Herdeberye.
Little Udeleye and Little Horningesherd, ½ fee held by Richard de Hauvile.
Sources
? Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families
? "'Chron. Majorum et Vicecomitum London’, p. 89; Annales de Dunstaplia, pp. 241, 243; Hemingburgh, Vol. i, p. 327", all regarding the siege of Kenilworth.
? Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families page 324
? Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families page 324
Royal Ancestry 2013 D. Richardson Vol. III p. 252-255
Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, (2011), Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, Royal Ancestry series, 2nd edition, 4 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham, (Salt Lake City, Utah: the author, 2011), volume III, page 324 - 327, Henry de Hastings, #4
Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 25
Geni
Jackson Ancestors
Fabpedigree
Wikipedia: Henry_de_Hastings,_1st_Baron_Hastings
The Phillips, Weber, Kirk, & Staggs families of the Pacific Northwest
Celtic Royal Genealogy
Marlyn Lewis.
Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem and Other Analogous Documents preserved in the Public Record Office (H.M. Stationery Office, London, 1904) Vol. 1: Henry III., Page 229: #719.

end of this biography

Henry married Joan de Cantilupe in ~1261. Joan (daughter of Sir William de Cantilupe, III, Lord of Abergavenny and Eva de Braose) was born in 0___ 1240 in (Wiltshire, England); died in 0___ 1271. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: Member of Parliament
• Alt Birth: Bef 1237, Helmsley, Yorkshire, England

Notes:

Sir Robert de Ros (before 1237 – 17 May 1285) was an English nobleman.

Family

Robert de Ros of Helmsley, Yorkshire, born before 1237, was the grandson of Sir Robert de Ros, one of the twenty-five barons who guaranteed the observance of Magna Carta, and Isabel of Scotland, an illegitimate daughter of William the Lion, King of the Scots, by a daughter of Robert Avenel.[1]

He was the son of Sir William de Ros (died c.1264/5) and Lucy FitzPeter, the daughter of Peter FitzHerbert and Alice FitzRoger. He had five brothers, Sir Peter, Sir William, Sir Alexander, Sir Herbert, and John, and two sisters, Lucy and Alice.[2]

Career

On 24 December 1264 he was summoned to Simon de Montfort's Parliament in London as Robert de Ros,[3][4] and for some time it was considered that the barony was created by writ in that year, and that Robert de Ros was the 1st Baron Ros. According to The Complete Peerage:

In 1616 the barony of De Ros was allowed precedence from this writ [of 24 December 1264], a decision adopted by the Lords in 1806 (Round, Peerage and Pedigree, vol. i, pp. 249-50); but these writs, issued by Simon in the King's name, are no longer regarded as valid for the creation of peerages.[3]

Accordingly, the barony is now considered to have been created when Robert's eldest son, William de Ros was summoned to Parliament from 6 February 1299 to 16 October 1315 by writs directed Willelmo de Ros de Hamelak.[5]<[4]

On 3 July 1257, Ros obtained from Henry III a grant of the free warren, in the lordship of Belvoir, by which the boundary was determined. In 1258, he was actively employed in Scotland, in delivering King Alexander III of Scotland out of the hands of his rebellious subjects; and at Chester, in resisting the hostile invasions of Llewelyn the Last. In the same year, he and his lady Isabel had a controversy with the Prior and Convent of Belvoir, relative to the right of presentation to the Church of Redmile (near Bottesford), which was amicably compromised by their relinquishing the patronage to the convent, for a certain compensation. In 1261 he obtained from the king the grant of a weekly market, to be held at Belvoir, on Tuesday; and of an annual fair on the feast of St John the Baptist, to continue for three days. In 1264, he was one of the insurgent barons who defeated Henry III at the battle of Lewes, and took him and the prince prisoner, confining them in Farleigh Hungerford Castle. In 1264, de Ros was summoned to the parliament, which was called by the barons in the king's name. He died in 1285, and was buried at Kirkham Priory.[6]

Marriage and issue

Robert de Ros married, about 1243, Isabel d'Aubigny (c.1233 – 15 June 1301), granddaughter (her father, William, died in 1247) and heiress of William d'Aubigny (died 1236) of Belvoir, Leicestershire, by his second wife, Isabel, by whom he had five sons and three daughters:[7]

William de Ros, 1st Baron de Ros.
Sir Robert de Ros of Gedney, Lincolnshire, who married a wife named Erneburge.
John de Ros.
Nicholas de Ros, a cleric.
Peter de Ros, a cleric.
Isabel de Ros, who married Walter de Fauconberg, 2nd Baron Fauconberg.
Joan de Ros, who married John Lovell, 1st Baron Lovell.
Mary de Ros, who married William de Braose, 1st Baron Braose.

Footnotes

Jump up ^ Richardson III 2011, pp. 444–7.
Jump up ^ Richardson III 2011, pp. 444–6.
^ Jump up to: a b Cokayne 1949, p. 95
^ Jump up to: a b Richardson III 2011, p. 448
Jump up ^ Cokayne 1949, p. 97
Jump up ^ Pedigrees of some Emperor Charlemagne's Descendants Vol II, Aileen Lewers Langston & J. Orton Buck, Jr 1974.
Jump up ^ Richardson III 2011, pp. 447–8.

References

Cokayne, George Edward (1949). The Complete Peerage, edited by Geoffrey H. White. XI. London: St. Catherine Press.
Richardson, Douglas (2011). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. III (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 144996639X

*

Robert De ROS (Sir)

Born: ABT 1223, Hamlake, Holderness, Yorkshire, England

Died: 17 May 1285

Buried: 16 Jun 1285, Kirkham, Yorkshire, England

Notes: M.P. 1261, 1265, summoned to Parliament in 1264 as Baron Ros of Belvoir Castle. In 1258 he was apointed chief commissioner of Herfordshire to inquire into excesses there. In that same year he was summoned for service against the Welsh and the Scots. He sided with Simon de Montfort in 1264/4 and was holding Northampton under the younger Simon when the King took it. He was summoned to Monfort's parliament; but these writs, issued by Simon in the King's name, are no longer regarded as valid for the creation of peerages. In May 1265 Prince Edward (TKing Edward I) escaped from his custody at Hereford to Wigmore Castle, with help of Roger de Mortimer. Robert later surrendered Gloucester Castle to the Prince. After Montfort was slain and his rebellion quashed at the Battle of Eversham Robert received a full pardon at the insistance of Prince Edward. In 1276 he was one of the magnates, who, in council at Westminster, gave judgement against Llewelyn, and was summoned for servive in the consequent campaign. By his marriage he became Lord of Belvoir.

Father: William De ROS (Sir)

Mother: Lucy FITZPIERS

Married: Isabel D'ALBINI 17 May 1246

Children:

1. William De ROS (1º B. Ros of Hamlake)

2. Isabel De ROS

3. Joan De ROS

4. Mary De ROS

5. Avelina De ROS

6. Robert De ROS

7. John De ROS (Bishop of Carlisle)

8. Nicholas De ROS

Buried:
The ruins of Kirkham Priory are situated on the banks of the River Derwent, at Kirkham, North Yorkshire, England. The Augustinian priory was founded in the 1120s by Walter l'Espec, lord of nearby Helmsley, who also built Rievaulx Abbey ... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirkham_Priory

Images for Kirkham Priory ... https://www.google.com/search?q=Kirkham+Priory&rlz=1C1KMZB_enUS591US591&espv=2&biw=1440&bih=810&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjYj6LQuIzPAhXCJiYKHVRGC3wQsAQIMA

Robert married Isabel d'Aubigny on 17 May 1246. Isabel (daughter of William d'Aubigny and unnamed spouse) was born in ~ 1233; died on 15 Jun 1301. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Residence: Ingmanthorpe, Yorkshire, England
• Residence: Scotland
• Residence: Gascony, France

Notes:

Birth: unknown, England
Death: May, 1310, England

Knight of Ingmanthorpe in Kirk Deighton, Yorkshire, in right of his wife, of Greasley, Nottinghamshire, Ilkeston, Derbyshire.

Third son of Sir William de Ros and Lucy FitzPeter, grandson of Sir Robert de Ros and Isabel of Scotland, Peter FitzHubert and Alice FitzRoger.

Husband of Eustache FitzEalph, daughter and heiress of Sir Ralph FitzHugh of Greasley and the daughter of Sir John de la Haye, widow of Sir Nicholas de Cantelowe of Buckinghamshire. They married in 1268 and had one son and five daughters:
* Sir William
* Lucy
* Isabel
* Margaret
* Ivette
* Mary, the Prioress of Rosedale Priory

Sir William served in Scotland 1257 and 1258, Gascony in 1294 and then Scotland in 1296. Sir William died shortly before May 28 1310, the date of his burial, and was buried beside his wife who died previously.

The family surname is found both Ros and Roos.

Family links:
Parents:
William de Ros (1192 - 1264)
Lucy FitzPiers de Ros (1207 - 1267)

Spouse:
Eustache FitzRalph Ros

Children:
Ivetta De Ros Scrope (1285 - 1331)*

Siblings:
William de Ros (____ - 1310)
Alice de Ros (____ - 1286)*
Robert de Ros (1223 - 1285)*
Lucy de Ros de Kyme (1230 - ____)*

*Calculated relationship

Burial:
Greyfriars Abbey Church (Defunct)
York
York Unitary Authority
North Yorkshire, England

Created by: Anne Shurtleff Stevens
Record added: Apr 02, 2013
Find A Grave Memorial# 107743856

Buried:
Greyfriars Abbey Church (Defunct)

William married Lady Eustache FitzRalph in 0___ 1268. Eustache was born in England; died before 1310 in England; was buried in Greyfriars Abbey Church, King's Straith, York, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Anne married Saire Sutton in 0___ 1266. Saire (son of Saire Sutton and Joana Ayncourt) was born in Holderness, Yorkshire, England; died in ~ 1292 in Holderness, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sir Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford. Henry (son of Humphrey de Bohun, III, Lord of Trowbridge and Lady Margaret of Huntingdon, Duchess of Brittany) was born in 0___ 1176 in Hungerford, Berkshire, England; died on 1 Jun 1220. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sibyl de Ferrers. Sibyl (daughter of Sir William de Ferrers, III, Knight, 5th Earl of Derby and Sybil Marshal) was born in (Derbyshire, England). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Humphrey married Eleanor de Braose after 1241 in Breconshire, Wales. Eleanor (daughter of Sir William de Braose, Lord of Brycheiniog and Lady Eva Marshal, Countess of Abergavenny) was born in ~ 1228 in Breconshire, Wales; died in 0___ 1251; was buried in Llanthony Priory, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sir Anselm Marshal, 6th Earl of Pembroke. Anselm (son of Baron John FitzGilbert and Sibyl of Salisbury) was born in ~1150 in Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales; died on 22 Dec 1245. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sir Roger de Quincy, Knight, 2nd Earl of Winchester. Roger (son of Sir Saer de Quincy, Knight, 1st Earl of Winchester and Margaret de Beaumont) was born in ~ 1195; died on 25 Apr 1264. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sir Roger de Toeni, V, Lord of Flamstead. Roger (son of Sir Ralph Toeni, VI, Lord of Flamstead and Petronilla Lacy) was born about 29 Sep 1235 in Flamstead, Hertfordshire, England; died before 12 May 1264. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Eleanor married Sir John de Verdun, Baron of Westmeath before 1267. John (son of Sir Theobald le Botiller, 2nd Chief Butler of Ireland and Rohesia de Verdon) was born in ~ 1226 in Cheadle, Staffordshire, England; died before 21 Oct 1274 in Cheadle, Staffordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Birth:
Barnard Castle: Historpy, Map & Photo: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barnard_Castle

Family/Spouse: Sir John de Burgh, Knight. John was born in ~ 1236 in Lanvaly, Connacht, Ireland; died before 3 Mar 1280. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sir John "Black Comyn" Comyn, II, Lord of Badenoch. John (son of Sir John Comyn, I, Lord of Badenoch and Alice de Roos) was born in ~1242 in Iverness, Scotland; died in 1302 in Lochindorb Castle, Strathspey, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

John Balliol[1] (c.?1249 - 25 November 1314), was King of Scots from 1292 to 1296. Little is known of his early life. After the presumptive heir to King Alexander III died, Balliol was chosen as the new King of Scotland by a group of auditors. Edward I of England constantly tried to undermine his reign and demanded that Balliol treat Scotland as a vassal state. As a result, the Scottish grew tired of him and appointed a council of twelve to rule instead. This council signed a treaty with France known as the Auld Alliance.

In retaliation, Edward invaded Scotland, starting the Scottish Wars of Independence. After a Scottish defeat in 1296, Balliol abdicated and was imprisoned in the Tower of London. Eventually, Balliol was sent to France, and made no effort to help the Scots. Scotland was then left without a monarch until Robert the Bruce ascended in 1306.

Name

In Norman French his name was Johan de Bailliol,[2] in Middle Scots it was Jhon Ballioun, and in Scottish Gaelic, Iain Bailiol. In Scots he was known by the nickname Toom Tabard, usually understood to mean "empty coat", with the word coat referring to coat of arms.[3]

Early life

Little of Balliol's early life is known. He was born between 1248 and 1250 at an unknown location; possibilities include Galloway, Picardy and Barnard Castle, County Durham.[4] He was the son of John, 5th Baron Balliol, Lord of Barnard Castle, and his wife Dervorguilla of Galloway, daughter of Alan, Lord of Galloway and granddaughter of David, Earl of Huntingdon.[5] From his mother he inherited significant lands in Galloway and claim to Lordship over the Gallovidians, as well as various English and Scottish estates of the Huntingdon inheritance; from his father he inherited large estates in England and France, such as Hitchin, in Hertfordshire.

Accession as King of Scots

In 1284 Balliol had attended a parliament at Scone, which had recognised Margaret, Maid of Norway, as heir presumptive to her grandfather, King Alexander III.[6] Following the death of Margaret in 1290, John Balliol was a competitor for the Scottish crown in the Great Cause,[5] as he was a great-great-great-grandson of King David I through his mother (and therefore one generation further than his main rival Robert Bruce, 5th Lord of Annandale, grandfather of Robert the Bruce, who later became king), being senior in genealogical primogeniture but not in proximity of blood. He submitted his claim to the Scottish auditors with King Edward I of England as the arbitrator, at Berwick-upon-Tweed on 6 June 1291.[7] The Scottish auditors' decision in favour of Balliol was pronounced in the Great Hall of Berwick Castle on 17 November 1292,[7] and he was inaugurated accordingly King of Scotland at Scone, 30 November 1292, St. Andrew's Day.[5]

Edward I, who had coerced recognition as Lord Paramount of Scotland, the feudal superior of the realm, steadily undermined John's authority. He demanded homage to be paid towards himself, legal authority over the Scottish King in any disputes brought against him by his own subjects, contribution towards the costs for the defence of England, and military support was expected in his war against France. He treated Scotland as a feudal vassal state and repeatedly humiliated the new king. The Scots soon tired of their deeply compromised king; the direction of affairs was allegedly taken out of his hands by the leading men of the kingdom, who appointed a council of twelve—in practice, a new panel of Guardians—at Stirling in July 1295. They went on to conclude a treaty of mutual assistance with France – known in later years as the Auld Alliance.

Abdication

In retaliation, Edward I invaded, commencing the Wars of Scottish Independence. The Scots were defeated at Dunbar and the English took Dunbar Castle on 27 April 1296.[7] John abdicated at Stracathro near Montrose on 10 July 1296.[7] Here the arms of Scotland were formally torn from John's surcoat, giving him the abiding name of "Toom Tabard" (empty coat).[3]

John was imprisoned in the Tower of London until allowed to go to France in July 1299. When his baggage was examined at Dover, the Royal Golden Crown and Seal of the Kingdom of Scotland, with many vessels of gold and silver, and a considerable sum of money, were found in his chests. Edward I ordered that the Crown be offered to St. Thomas the Martyr and that the money be returned to John for the expenses of his journey. But he kept the Seal himself.[8] John was released into the custody of Pope Boniface VIII on condition that he remain at a papal residence. He was released around the summer of 1301 and lived the rest of his life on his family's ancestral estates at Hâelicourt, Picardy.

Over the next few years, there were several Scottish rebellions against Edward (for example, in 1297 under William Wallace and Andrew Moray). The rebels would use the name of "King John", on the grounds that his abdication had been under duress and therefore invalid. This claim came to look increasingly tenuous, as John's position under nominal house-arrest meant that he could not return to Scotland nor campaign for his release, despite the Scots' diplomatic attempts in Paris and Rome. After 1302, he made no further attempts to extend his personal support to the Scots. Effectively, Scotland was left without a monarch until the accession of Robert the Bruce in 1306.

Death

John died around 25 November 1314 at his family's chãateau at Hâelicourt in France.[9] On 4 January 1315, King Edward II of England, writing to King Louis X of France, said that he had heard of the death of 'Sir John de Balliol'[10] and requested the fealty and homage of Edward Balliol to be given by proxy.

A John de Bailleul is interred in the church of St. Waast at Bailleul-sur-Eaune.[10] This may or may not be the Scottish King.

John was survived by his son Edward Balliol, who later revived his family's claim to the Scottish throne, received support from the English, and had some temporary successes.

Marriage and issue

John married, around 9 February 1281, Isabella de Warenne, daughter of John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey.[5] Her mother Alice de Lusignan was daughter of Hugh X de Lusignan by Isabella of Angoulãeme, widow of King John of England, making Isabella niece, in the half-blood, of Henry III of England. John was also the brother-in-law to John Comyn, who was murdered by Robert the Bruce in February 1306, in Dumfries.[dubious – discuss]

It has been established that John and Isabella had at least one child:

Edward Balliol, Scottish pretender, (d.1367). Married to Marguerite de Taranto, daughter of Philip I, Prince of Taranto (d. 1332) – annulled or divorced with no issue.
However, other children have been linked to the couple as other possible issue:

Henry de Balliol. He was killed in the Battle of Annan on 16 December 1332, leaving no issue.[11]
Agnes (or Maud or Anne) Balliol was married to Bryan FitzAlan, Lord FitzAlan, and feudal Baron of Bedale. They were parents to Agnes FitzAlan (b. 1298), who married Sir Gilbert Stapleton, Knt., of Bedale (1291–1324). Gilbert is better known for his participation in the assassination of Piers Gaveston, Earl of Cornwall.
Margaret Balliol. Died unmarried.

Died:
Chãateau de Hâelicourt was a castle near Tilloy-Floriville, Picardy, France. The former King of Scotland, Sir John Balliol, retired to the castle after being released by Pope Boniface VIII and ended his days at the castle.

In 1492, John of Luxembourg, with its Burgundian and Raoul Le Boutillier, with 300 English, seized the castle Hâelicourt, under an order of the Earl of Warwick, September 30, 1422, the castle was demolished Hâelicourt thoroughly ... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_H%C3%A9licourt

John married Lady Isabella de Warenne, Baroness of Bywell on 9 Feb 1281. Isabella (daughter of Sir John de Warenne, Knight, 6th Earl of Surrey and Alice de Lusignan) was born on 23 Sep 1253; died before 1292. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Maud married Sir Bryan FitzAlan, Lord FitzAlan before 2 Jul 1297. Bryan (son of Sir Alan FitzBryan, Lord of the Manor of Bedale and Agnes LNU) was buried in Bedale Church, Bedale, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

John Comyn (Cumyn) (c. 1215 – c. 1275) was Lord of Badenoch in Scotland. He was justiciar of Galloway in 1258.[1][2] He held lands in Nithsdale[3] (Dalswinton, a Comyn stronghold,[4][5] and Duncow[6]) and Tynedale.

Life[edit]
The Comyn family were in effective power in Scotland from 1249 to 1255, when Alexander III of Scotland was a minor; John was one of those with court influence.[3] The Comyns were ousted, by Alan Durward, but returned to power in 1257-8, before provoking a strong English reaction.[3][7]

He fought for Henry III of England at the Battle of Lewes (1265), with John Baliol the elder and Robert Bruce the elder,[8] and was captured.[9] In 1267 he was given license to crenellate Tarset Castle in Tynedale (by present-day Lanehead, near Hexham), by Henry III;[10] Tarset had previously been held by Walter Comyn.[11]

He started castle construction at Blair Castle with a tower built in 1269.[12] The place was soon taken back by David, Earl of Atholl.[13]

Family

John was the son of a Richard Comyn and was the grandson (through Richard) of William Comyn, jure uxoris Earl of Buchan.

According to the 1911 Encyclopµdia Britannica he died in 1274, and was nephew of Alexander Comyn, Earl of Buchan, Constable of Scotland), and of Walter Comyn, Earl of Mentieth.[14] His date of death is also given as 1277.[15]

He succeeded his uncle Walter, in 1258, as Lord of Badenoch, and was succeeded by his son John II, the "Black Comyn". John I was known as the "Red Comyn", the nickname more commonly applied to his grandson.[16]

His second wife is given as Alice de Roos (Ros),[17] or Alice de Lindsay of Lamberton.[15] His first wife was called Eva.

His children, at least four sons and four daughters, included:

John II
a daughter who married Alexander of Argyll[15]
a daughter who married Sir William Galbraith, 4th Chief of that Ilk, Lord of Kyncaith[18]
a daughter who married Galfrid de Mowbray[19]
a daughter who married Sir Andrew Moray[20]

John married Alice de Roos in 1260. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Sir Robert VI de Brus (July 1243 - soon bef. 4 March 1304[1]), 6th Lord of Annandale (dominus vallis Anandie), jure uxoris Earl of Carrick[2] (1271–1292), Lord of Hartness,[3] Writtle and Hatfield Broad Oak (Wretele et Hatfeud Regis), was a cross-border lord,[4] and participant of the Second Barons' War, Ninth Crusade, Welsh Wars, and First War of Scottish Independence.

Of Scoto-Norman heritage, through his father he was a third-great grandson of David I. His ancestors included Richard (Strongbow) de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, King of Leinster and Governor of Ireland, and William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke, regent of England, and Henry I of England.

Life

The son and heir of Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale and Lady Isabella de Clare, daughter of the Earl of Gloucester and Hertford, his birth date is generally accepted, but his place of birth is less certain. It has been speculated that he, rather than his first son, was born on the family estate at Writtle, Essex.[5][6][7]

Legend tells that the 27-year-old Robert de Brus was a handsome young man participating in the Ninth Crusade. When Adam de Kilconquhar, one of his companions-in-arms, fell in 1270, at Acre, Robert was obliged to travel to tell the sad news to Adam's widow Marjorie of Carrick. The story continues that Marjorie was so taken with the messenger that she had him held captive until he agreed to marry her, which he did in 1271.[1][8] However, since the crusade landed in Acre on 9 May 1271, and only started to engage the Muslims in late June, the story and / or his participation in the Ninth Crusade are generally discounted.[5][9]

What is recorded, is that:

In 1264 his father, the 5th Lord of Annandale, was captured, along with Henry III, Richard of Cornwall, and Edward I at the Battle of Lewes, Sussex. Bruce negotiated with his uncle Bernard Brus, and cousin Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester, both supporters of Simon de Montfort, over the terms of the ransom. Following the Battle of Evesham, in August 1265, both Bruce and his father profited from the seizure of the rebellious Barons' possessions, including those of Bernard. The younger Robert acquired lands in Yorkshire, Northumberland, and Bedfordshire.[10]

Robert and his younger brother Richard are known to have received letters of protection, in July 1270, to sail with Edward for crusade that August, and are presumed to have taken the cross, with Edward, at Northampton in 1268. They were joined by their Father, who'd sought pardon from Alexander III, but their date of return from Acre is less certain, it may have been as early as October 1271, when the younger Robert is recorded as receiving a quitclaim in Writtle, Essex, and his mother a gift of deer, from the King, also in Essex.[10]

In 1272 he married, without Scottish Royal consent, Marjory, countess of Carrick. As a result, she temporarily lost her castle and estates, that Oram described as poor, but regained them on payment of a fine.[11]

Around this time his mother died, the date is unknown but on the 3 May 1273 his father married Christina de Ireby, the Widow of Adam Jesmond, the Sheriff of Northumberland, at Hoddam. The marriage added estates in Cumberland and dower land from her previous husband, to the Brus holdings. The younger Robert and his step-mother do not appear to have got on, with Robert recorded as trying to withhold dower lands, after his father's death in 1295.[10][12][13] This may be one of the reasons why the Father appears to have independently managed the possessions in the North, as well as intermittently holding the position of Constable of Carlisle, while Robert appears to have confined himself largely to the management of the southern and midland possessions, with his brother Richard who independently held Tottenham and Kempston, as well as commanding a Knight banneret for Edward. Richard is recorded as receiving a number of wards and gifts of deer and to have sought permission to empark the forest at Writtle at this time. Robert, while not part of Edward's household, became an envoy and mouthpiece for Alexander III at court, swearing fealty on Alexander's behalf, to Edward at Westminster, in 1277, as well as following Edward to Gascony[10] Robert is also recorded as following Alexander to Tewkesbury, in the autumn of 1278.[10]

1281 He is part of the delegation to Guy of Dampierre, Count of Flanders, to arrange the marriage of Alexander, Prince of Scotland, to Guy's daughter Margaret (d. 1331). The couple married on 14 November 1282 at Roxburgh
1282 He participates with his younger brother Richard, who commands at Denbigh, and is paid for his services in Edward's Conquest of Wales.[10][14]
1283 June, he is summoned by writ to Shrewsbury, for the trial of Dafydd ap Gruffydd.
In February 1284, Bruce attended to convention at Scone, where the right of succession of Alexander III's granddaughter, Margaret, Maid of Norway was recognized.[15] On 1 June 1285 the Earl & Countess, at Turnberry, grant the men of Melrose abbey certain freedoms, according to English law.[10]

1286 He is witness, along with his son Robert, to the grant of the church of Campbeltown to Paisley Abbey.
1290 He is party to the Treaty of Birgham.
He supports his father's claim to the vacant throne of Scotland, left so on the death of Margaret I of Scotland in 1290. The initial civil proceedings, known as The Great Cause, awarded the Crown to his fathers 1st cousin once removed, and rival, John Balliol.
1291 He swears fealty to Edward I as overlord of Scotland.
1292 His wife Marjorie dies.
November, his father, Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale – the unsuccessful claimant – resigns his Lordship of Annandale, and claim to the throne to him, allegedly to avoid having to swear fealty to John.[5] In turn he passes his late wife's Earldom of Carrick, in fee, on to his son Robert.
1293 January 1 – His warrener at Gt. Baddow, a Richard, is caught poaching venison at Northle.[10]
1293 He sets sail for Bergen, Norway, for the marriage of his daughter Isabel to King Eric II of Norway, the father of the late Queen Margaret I of Scotland, son-in-law of King Alexander III, and a candidate of the Great Cause. Her dowry for the marriage was recorded by Audun Hugleiksson who noted she brought: precious clothes, 2 golden boiler, 24 silver plate, 4 silver salt cellars, 12 two-handled soup bowls (scyphus) to the Eric's second marriage.
1294/5 He returns to England.
In May 1295 his father, the 5th Lord of Annandale, died,[15] and on 6 October, Bruce swore fealty to Edward and was made Constable and Keeper of Carlisle Castle, a position his father previously held.[1]

Refuses a summons to the Scottish host.
Annandale is seized, by King John Balliol, and given to John "The Red" Comyn, Lord of Badenoch.
Confirms, to Gisborough Priory, the churches of Annandale and Hart. Witnessed by Walter de Fauconberg and Marmaduke de Thweng.[10]
Exchanges common pasture, for land held by William of Carlisle at Kinmount.[10]
Exchanges land in Estfield, for a field adjacent to the prior of Hatfield Regis's manor at Brunesho End Broomshawbury.[10]
Grants Robert Taper, and his wife Millicent, a messuage in Hatfield Regis, and via a separate grant 5.5 acres (22,000 m2) of arable land 1-acre (4,000 m2) of meadow, in Hatfield Regis, for 16s annual rent.[10]
Grants John de Bledelowe, the former lands / tenement of Richard de Cumbes, in Hatfield Regis, for 1d annual rent.[10]
Alters the terms of a grant to Richard de Fanwreyte, of Folewelleshaleyerde, Montpeliers, Writtle, from services to an annual rent. Witnesses includes two of Roberts Cook's at Writtle.[10]
Alters the terms of a grant to Stephen the Tanner, of Folewelleshaleyerde, Montpeliers, Writtle, from services to an annual rent. Witnesses includes two of Roberts Cook's at Writtle.[10]
Alters the terms of a grant to Willam Mayhew, of the tenement Barrieland, Hatfield Regis, to an annual rent of 5s and some services.[10]
1296 Jan, He is summoned to attend to the King Edward at Salisbury
26 March, his garrison repels an attack, led by John Comyn, the new Lord of Annandale, across the Solway on Carlisle Castle. Robert forces the raiders to retreat back through Annandale to Sweetheart Abbey.
28 April, he again swears fealty to Edward I and fights for Edward, at the Battle of Dunbar Castle.
August, with his son Robert he renews the pledge of homage and fealty to Edward, at the "victory parliament" in Berwick.
Edward I denies his claim to the throne and he retires to his estates in Essex.[5]
29 August – At Berwick, agrees the dower lands of his widowed step mother, Christina.[10]
Annandale is re-gained.
Marries an Eleanor.
1298
7 Jan – Transfers a grant of land at Hatfield Regis, from Walter Arnby to his son William.[10][16]
29 May – Grants a John Herolff a half virgate of land in Writtle.[10][17]
1299
1 February – Rents lands at Hatfield Regis, Essex to a John de Bledelowe, for 4s annual rent.[10][18]
4 August – While resident at Writtle, he Rents lands at Hatfield Regis, Essex to a Nicholas de Barenton, for 21s annual rent.[10][19]
1301 November 26 – Grants, Bunnys in Hatfield Broad Oak and Takeley, to an Edward Thurkyld.[10][20]
After 1301, Enfeoffments Writtle, in part, to a John de Lovetot and his wife Joan.[21][22]
1304 Easter, dies en route to Annandale and is buried at Holm Cultram Abbey, Cumberland.[1]
Following his death his Eleanor remarries, before 8 February 1306 (as his 1st wife) Richard Waleys, Lord Waleys, and they had issue. She died shortly before 8 September 1331.[1]
Shortly after the Battle of Stirling Bridge (1297), Annandale was laid waste as retaliation to younger Bruce's actions.

Yet, when Edward returned to England after his victory at the Battle of Falkirk, which one source accords to Robert turning the Scottish flank:[23]

Fordun, John "Chronica Gentis Scotorum (Chronicle of the Scottish nation)", 1363, Translated from the Latin text by Felix J. H. Skene. Ed. by William F. Skene. 1872:

CI - Battle of Falkirk. :— In the year 1298, the aforesaid king of England, taking it ill that he and his should be put to so much loss and driven to such straits by William Wallace, gathered together a large army, and, having with him, in his company, some of the nobles of Scotland to help him, invaded Scotland. He was met by the aforesaid William, with the rest of the magnates of that kingdom; and a desperate battle was fought near Falkirk, on the 22d of July. William was put to flight, not without serious loss both to the lords and to the common people of the Scottish nation. For, on account of the ill-will, begotten of the spring of envy, which the Comyns had conceived towards the said William, they, with their accomplices, forsook the field, and escaped unhurt. On learning their spiteful deed, the aforesaid William, wishing to save himself and his, hastened to flee by another road. But alas! through the pride and burning envy of both, the noble Estates (communitas) of Scotland lay wretchedly overthrown throughout hill and dale, mountain and plain. Among these, of the nobles, John Stewart, with his Brendans; Macduff, of Fife; and the inhabitants thereof, were utterly cut off. But it is commonly said that Robert of Bruce — who was afterwards king of Scotland, but then fought on the side of the king of England — was the means of bringing about this victory. For, while the Scots stood invincible in their ranks, and could not be broken by either force or stratagem, this Robert of Bruce went with one line, under Anthony of Bek, by a long road round a hill, and attacked the Scots in the rear; and thus these, who had stood invincible and impenetrable in front, were craftily overcome in the rear. And it is remarkable that we seldom, if ever, read of the Scots being overcome by the English, unless through the envy of lords, or the treachery and deceit of the natives, taking them over to the other side.

This is contested as no Bruce appears on the Falkirk roll, of nobles present in the English army, and ignoring Blind Harry's 15th claim that Wallace burned Ayre Castle in 1297, two 19th Century antiquarians: Alexander Murison and George Chalmers have stated Bruce did not participate in the battle and in the following month decided to burn Ayr Castle, to prevent it being garrisoned by the English. Annandale and Carrick were excepted from the lordships and lands which Edward assigned to his followers, the father having not opposed Edward and the son being treated as a waverer whose allegiance might still be retained.

Robert at that time was old and ill, and there are reports that he wished his son to seek peace with Edward. If not his son's actions could jeopardise his own income, which was primarily derived from his holdings south of the border (est. ¹340 vs ¹150[10]). The elder Bruce would have seen that, if the rebellion failed and his son was against Edward, the son would lose everything, titles, lands, and probably his life.

It was not until 1302 that Robert's son submitted to Edward I. The younger Robert had sided with the Scots since the capture and exile of Balliol. There are many reasons which may have prompted his return to Edward, not the least of which was that the Bruce family may have found it loathsome to continue sacrificing his followers, family and inheritance for King John. There were rumours that John would return with a French army and regain the Scottish throne. Soulis supported his return as did many other nobles, but this would lead to the Bruces losing any chance of gaining the throne themselves. He died in Palestine and was buried at Holm Cultram Abbey.[15]

Family

His first wife was Margery of Carrick, 3rd Countess of Carrick (11 Apr 1254 – November 1292), the daughter and heiress of Niall, 2nd Earl of Carrick.[8] Carrick was a Gaelic Earldom in Southern Scotland. Its territories contained much of today's Ayrshire and Dumfriesshire. The couple married at Turnberry Castle in 1271 and held the principal seats of Turnberry Castle and Lochmaben.

Their children were:

Isabel Bruce (born c. 1272); married King Eric II of Norway in 1293; d. 1358 in Bergen, Norway.
Christina Bruce (born c. 1273, Seton, East Lothian); married, firstly, Sir Christopher Seton. Married, secondly, Gartnait, Earl of Mar, in 1292 in Kildrummy, Aberdeenshire. Married, thirdly, Sir Andrew Murray, 20 September 1305, d. 1356/7, in Scotland. By her second marriage, she was the mother of Domhnall II, Earl of Mar.
Robert I of Scotland (11 July 1274 – 7 June 1329); married, firstly, Isabella of Mar; married, secondly, Elizabeth de Burgh.
Neil de Brus (Niall or Nigel; born c. 1276); taken prisoner at Kildrummie, hanged, drawn and quartered at Berwick-upon-Tweed in September 1306.[8]
Edward Bruce (born c. 1279); crowned 2 May 1316, "King of Ireland". Killed in battle, 5 October 1318.[8] Possible marriage to Isabel, daughter of John de Strathbogie, 9th Earl of Atholl – parents of Alexander Bruce, Earl of Carrick; Edward obtained a dispensation for a marriage to Isabella of Ross, daughter of Uilleam II, Earl of Ross, on 1 June 1317.
Mary Bruce (born c. 1282); married, firstly, Sir Neil Campbell; married, secondly, Sir Alexander Fraser of Touchfraser and Cowie.
Margaret Bruce (born c. 1283); married Sir William Carlyle.
Sir Thomas de Brus (born c. 1284); taken prisoner in Galloway, hanged, drawn and quartered 9 February 1307, Carlisle, Cumberland.[8]
Alexander de Brus (born c. 1285); hanged, drawn and quartered 9 February 1307, Carlisle, Cumberland.
Elizabeth Bruce (born c. 1286); married Sir William Dishington of Ardross, Fife.
Matilda/Margery Bruce (born c. 1287); married Hugh / Aodh, Earl of Ross, in 1308 Orkney Isles, died after September 1323.
He had no children from his second wife, Eleanor N (died between 13 April and 8 September 1331).

Buried:
Holmcultram Abbey (alternatively Holm Cultram Abbey or Holme Cultram Abbey) was a Cistercian monastery in what is now the village of Abbeytown in Cumbria, United Kingdom. It was founded in 1150 and dissolved in 1538. After the dissolution the church continued to be used as the parish church.

History & source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holmcultram_Abbey

Robert married Margery of Carrick in 1271 in Turnberry Castle, Kirkoswald, Ayrshire, Scotland. Margery was born on 11 Apr 1254 in (Ayrshire) Scotland; died in 0Nov 1292. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sir John FitzMarmaduke, Knight. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Children of Mary Clarissa de Brus and Ralph VI de Toeni Lord of Flamstead are:

19. i. Alice de Toeni Countess of Warwick was born 8 JAN 1282/83 in Castle Maud, Flamstead, Hertfordshire, England, was christened 1264 in Flamstead, Hertfordshire, England, and died 1 JAN 1324/25 in Warwick Castle, Warwick, Warwickshire, England. She married Guy of Beauchamp 2nd Earl of Warwick 1303 in Warwick Castle, Warwick, Warwickshire, England, son of William de Beauchamp 9th Earl of Warwick and Maud FitzJohn. He was born 1271 in Warwick Castle, Warwick, Warwickshire, England, was christened 1257 in Elmley Castle, Worcestershire, England, and died 12 AUG 1315 in Warwick Castle, Warwick, Warwickshire, England. She married Thomas de Leybourne 30 MAY 1307, son of William 1st Baron de Leybourne Sir and Julianna de Sandwich. He was born ABT 1275 in Leybourne, Malling, Kent, England, and died BEF 30 MAY 1307. She married William la Zouche Sir BEF 25 FEB 1316/17, son of Robert de Mortimer Sir of Richard's Castle and Joyce la Zouche. He was born ABT 1284 in Kings Nympton, Devon, England, and died 1377 in Richard's Castle, Herefordshire, England.
ii. Robert de Toeni Lord of Bliston died BEF 28 NOV 1309. He married Clarissa WifeofRobertde Toeni.

Family/Spouse: Sir Ralp de Toeni, VI, Lord of Flamstead. Ralp was born in ~1255 in Flamstead, Hertfordshire, England; died on >29 Jul 1295 in Gascony, France. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Residence: Ireland
• Residence: France
• Residence: Scotland

Notes:

Sir John "1st Lord Hastings, 11th Lord of Abergavenny" de Hastings formerly Hastings
Born 6 May 1262 in Allesley, Warwickshire, England
ANCESTORS ancestors
Son of Henry (Hastings) de Hastings and Joan (Cantilupe) de Hastings
Brother of Lora Hastings, Auda (Hastings) Mareduc and Edmund Hastings
Husband of Isabel (Valence) de Hastings — married after 15 Jul 1275 in England
Husband of Isabel (Despenser) de Monthermer — married about 1308 [location unknown]
DESCENDANTS descendants
Father of Joan Hastings, John Hastings, Henry Hastings, Elizabeth (Hastings) Grey, William Hastings, Thomas Hastings, Margaret Hastings and Hugh (Hastings) de Hastings
Died about 10 Feb 1313 in poss. (bur.) Friars Minor, Coventry, Warwickshire, England

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John Hastings is a descendant of a Magna Carta surety baron.
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John de Hastings was a descendant of Magna Carta surety baron Roger le Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk [1]

Contents
[hide]
1 Biography
1.1 Birth
1.2 Death and burial
2 Marriage and Children
3 Sources
Biography

John (Hastings) de Hastings was a member of aristocracy in the British Isles.
Titles of Sir John de Hastings:

First "Lord Hastings" in the English Peerage.[2]
His father's family had ancient "serjeantrie" rights, originally connected to a stewardship (his ancestor William de Hastings was called "dispensator" to the king) that was served in return for possession of the manor of Uphall in Ashill, Wayland hundred, Norfolk.[3] The office was that of "Napperer" (in charge of the linen), and entitled him to carrying the Second Sword, and the Great Gilt Spurs at coronations.[4]
His father's family also had long held the position of Steward ("Dapifer") of the Liberty of Bury St. Edmund's Abbey. This was connected to the family's possession of Lidgate, Blunham, Herling, Tibbenham and Gissing. His ancestor William de Hastings had inherited this from an uncle.
Seneschal of Aquitaine (appointed 1302 and re-appointed 1309).[5]
Lord of Abergavenny[6]
Complete Peerage concerning his claim to the Scottish throne:[7]

In 1292 he claimed a third part of the Kingdom of Scotland, as grandson and h. of Ada, 4th da. and coh. of David, Earl of Huntingdon: his claim was rejected by the judgment delivered at Berwick Castle, on Monday after St. Martin [17 Nov.].
Military service:

"John fought in Gascony in 1294. He was continually employed in the Scottish wars of Kings Edward I and Edward II, and was present at the Siege of Caerlaverock Castle in 1300." [8]
There was an extensive listing of John's possessions made after his death, and published.[9]

According to Complete Peerage, his will was proved and enrolled, Monday before St. Margaret 1325, in the Court of Husting, London.

Birth
Born: 6 May 1262. At his father's Inquisition Post Mortem, made Tuesday after Palm Sunday, 53 Hen. III, it was mentioned that "John his son, aged 6 on the day of St. John ante Portam Latinam (6 May), 52 Hen. III (1268)., is his heir."[10] That would mean he turned 6 on May 6, 1268, and was therefore born May 6, 1262.

While Complete Peerage says he was born in Allesley in Warwickshire, citing, Contin. Chron. Flor. Wigorn., vol. ii, p. 190, which apparently said he was born "apud Alesle", Blomefield says he was born in the family's ancient seat at Ashill in Norfolk (which was more normally spelled in forms more like Ashele).[3]

Death and burial
He died 10 Feb 1312/3 [8]

Although Richardson in Royal Ancestry Vol. III p. 256 notes John de Hastings burial in Friars Minor, Coventry, recent identification of what may be his tomb in St. Mary's Priory Church, Abergavenny, put the Friars Minor location of his burial in dispute.

Concerning the tomb and effigy of John de Hastings, Alton Rogers received a letter dated August 12, 2006 from Janet Herrod of 'Abergavenny Museum at the Castle' which provided detailed information as well as the pedigree of about the Lords of Abergavenny as well as the pedigree of John de Hastings, 11th Lord of Abergavenny, with effigy photo and information about the de Valence family. The oldest memorial in the Priory Church, dating from around 1325, is a graceful, carved oak effigy of Sir John de Hastings, who was probably responsible for the church's 14th century restoration. Until recent years the tomb associated with the effigy was thought to be of a Cantilupe lord, but in-depth research indicates the tomb is believed by St. Mary's to be that of John de Hastings.

Description of the tomb of John de Hastings: http://stmarys-priory.org/stmaryschurch/monuments.php :

The newly constructed tomb on which the (effigy) figure lies contains paneling from the knight's original tomb, which would have stood in the centre of the choir. Depressions on the side once held brightly enameled heraldic shields. The cross-legged posture was a fashion popular before 1330 or 1340 and his feet rest on a lion, a symbol of courage and strength.
Wikipedia states:[11] :

The Priory Church of St. Mary, Abergavenny, in the center of Abergavenny, Monmouthshire, Wales, has been called the 'Westminster Abbey of Wales' due to its large size, its number of high status church monument tombs and the rare medieval effigies surviving within it.
Marriage and Children
John de Hastings, Knight and Isabel de Valance married (at Braxted, Essex or Blunham, Bedfordshire), by papal dispensation dated 15 July 1275. [8]

They had three sons, William, John, and Henry, and three daughters, Joan, Elizabeth, and Margaret. [8]

Jane Hastings
John Hastings 2nd Lord Hastings
Henry De Hastings clerk, [12]
Elizabeth Hastings
William Hastings Knight
Margaret Hastings
(NOTE: Robert Hastings is not considered a son. See his article.)

Isabel died 5 Oct. 1305, and was buried in the church of the Grey Friars at Coventry, Warkwickshire. [8]

John de Hastings married (2nd) in or before 1308 Isabel le Despenser, widow of Gilbert de Clare, Knt., and daughter of Hugh le Despenser, Knt., Earl of Winchester, 1st Lord Despenser. [8]

John and Isabel le Despenser had two sons, Hugh, Knt., and Thomas. [8]

Thomas Hastings
Hugh de Hastings (heir of his brother)

Sources
Royal Ancestry 2013 D. Richardson Vol. III p. 255-258
Magna Carta Ancestry 2011 2nd ed. Vol. III p. 327-330
? Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families
? As mentioned in Complete Peerage and repeated by Richardson, he was summoned to Parliament from 24 June 1295 to 8 July (1312) 6 Edw. II by writs directed Johanni de Hastingges.
? 3.0 3.1 Francis Blomefield, 'Hundred of Wayland: Ashill', in An Essay Towards A Topographical History of the County of Norfolk: Volume 2 (London, 1805), pp. 349-355. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol2/pp349-355 [accessed 30 August 2018].
? Blomefield writes that "Sir John de Hastyngs, Knt. [...] was born at this town in 1262, and executed his office at the coronation of Edward II.; [...] In 1286, this John prosecuted Will. de Blundevill, the Subescheator of Norfolk, for seizing this manor at his father's death, into the King's hands, and cutting down 100 ashes then worth 3l. and for taking fish out of his pond to half a mark value, and he was forced to answer the damage; and this year he prosecuted John le Waleys for 4 messuages, and 40 acres of land, &c. in Tibenham and Carleton, and recovered them to this manor, by proving that his father had only leased them for a term, which was now expired. "
? He founded a town still existing there named Hastingues.
? "He was given possession of his mother's family's castle and barony of Abergavenny on 12 July 1283, having reached the age of twenty-one. During the next few years he undertook a number of missions for Edward I, to Scotland, Ireland, Wales, and Gascony. In 1285 his sister Ada married Rhys ap Maredudd and Hastings granted the couple all his lands in St Clare, Angoy, and Pemmlick. Two years later Rhys rebelled against the English and captured Emelyn Castle, where Hastings was ordered to attack him. The uprising was put down and Hastings was permitted to receive the fines, which were not to be severe, from his own Welsh tenants who had supported Rhys."(Oxford DNB)
? Citing "Magnu: Rot. Scot.—Foedera, VoI.i, p. 776: Annales Regni Scotie, pp. 309, 360.".
? 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families page 327-8 and "Royal Ancestry" Vol.3 p.255ff.
? Calendar of inquisitions post mortem and other analogous documents preserved in the Public Record Office Vol.VI (Edward II) 1910 p.385
? 'Inquisitions Post Mortem, Henry III, File 37', in Calendar of Inquisitions Post Mortem, Volume 1, Henry III, ed. J E E S Sharp (London, 1904), pp. 225-231 http://www.british-history.ac.uk/inquis-post-mortem/vol1/pp225-231 [accessed 8 September 2015].
? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Priory_Church_of_St_Mary,_Abergavenny
? Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families page 327
See also:
Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, (2011), Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, Royal Ancestry series, 2nd edition, 4 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham, (Salt Lake City, Utah: the author, 2011), volume III, page 327 - 330, John de Hastings, #5
Pedigrees from the Plea Rolls, page 509.
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
John Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings, database online (accessed 15 Jan 2015), Wikipedia, Creative Commons ShareAlike license
Geni
Wikipedia, database online, Baron Hastings
Jackson Ancestors
Fabpedigree
The Phillips, Weber, Kirk, & Staggs families of the Pacific Northwest
Celtic Royal Genealogy
Marlyn Lewis.

end of this biography

John Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings (6 May 1262 – 28 February 1313) was an English peer and soldier of the Middle Ages. Hastings was a competitor for the Scottish throne in 1290/92 in the Great Cause.

Baron

Hastings was the son of Henry de Hastings, who was summoned to Parliament by Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester as Lord Hastings in 1263. However, this creation was not recognized by the King Henry III of England although John Hastings is sometimes referred to as the second Baron Hastings. His mother was Joanna de Cantilupe, sister and heiress of his uncle George de Cantilupe (d.1273).

He became the 13th Baron Bergavenny by tenure on the death of his uncle George de Cantilupe in 1273, and thereby acquired Abergavenny Castle and the honour of Abergavenny.

Soldier

Hastings fought from the 1290s in the Scottish, Irish and French wars of King Edward I and was later Seneschal of Aquitaine.

In 1290 he had unsuccessfully contested the Scottish crown as grandson of Ada, third daughter of David of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon, who was a grandson of King David I. The same year he was summoned to the English Parliament as Lord Hastings.

In 1301, he signed a letter to Pope Boniface VIII, protesting against papal interference in Scottish affairs.

Family and succession

Lord Hastings married as his first wife Isabel de Valence, daughter of William de Valence, 1st Earl of Pembroke and had the following children:

William Hastings (1282–1311)
John Hastings, 2nd Baron Hastings (29 September 1286 – 20 January 1325), married to Juliane de Leybourne (died 1367). They had a son:
Lawrence who later became earl of Pembroke.
Edmund, who was summoned to Parliament as Lord Hastings in 1299.
Elizabeth who married Sir Roger de Grey, 1st Lord Grey (of Ruthin).[2]

He married second Isabel le Despenser, daughter of Hugh le Despenser and Isabella de Beauchamp. They had the following children:

Thomas de Hastings
Margaret de Hastings
Sir Hugh Hastings of Sutton (died 1347), married Margery Foliot (granddaughter of Jordan Foliot and of William de Braose). Had issue.[3]
He died in February 1313, aged 50, and was succeeded in the Barony by his eldest son John.

*

John married Isabel de Valence before 1280. Isabel (daughter of Sir William de Valence, Knight, 1st Earl of Pembroke and Lady Joan de Munchensi, Countess of Pembroke) was born in 0___ 1262; died on 5 Oct 1305. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Isabel le Despencer. Isabel (daughter of Sir Hugh le Despenser, Knight, 1st Earl of Winchester and Isabella Beauchamp) was born in (England). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

William de Ros or Roos, 1st Baron de Ros of Helmsley (c.1255 – 6 or 8 August 1316), was one of the claimants of the crown of Scotland in 1292 during the reign of Edward I.[2]

Family

William de Ros was the eldest son of Robert de Ros (d. 17 May 1285) of Helmsley, Yorkshire, and Isabel d'Aubigny (c.1233 – 15 June 1301), daughter and heiress of William D'Aubigny of Belvoir, Leicestershire, and granddaughter of William d'Aubigny.[3] He had four brothers and three sisters:[4]

Sir Robert de Ros of Gedney, Lincolnshire.
John de Ros.
Nicholas de Ros, a cleric.
Peter de Ros, a cleric.
Isabel de Ros, who married Walter de Fauconberg, 2nd Baron Fauconberg.
Joan de Ros, who married John Lovell, 1st Baron Lovell.
Mary de Ros, who married William de Braose, 1st Baron Braose.

Career

On 24 December 1264 William's father, Robert de Ros (d.1285), was summoned to Simon de Montfort's Parliament in London as Robert de Ros,[5] and for some time it was considered that the barony was created by writ in that year, and that Robert de Ros was the 1st Baron Ros. According to The Complete Peerage:

In 1616 the barony of De Ros was allowed precedence from this writ [of 24 December 1264], a decision adopted by the Lords in 1806 (Round, Peerage and Pedigree, vol. i, pp. 249-50); but these writs, issued by Simon in the King's name, are no longer regarded as valid for the creation of peerages.[6]

Accordingly, the barony is now considered to have been created when William de Ros was summoned to Parliament from 6 February 1299 to 16 October 1315 by writs directed Willelmo de Ros de Hamelak.[7]

William de Ros succeeded to the family honours and estates on the death of his mother. He was an unsuccessful competitor for the crown of Scotland, founding his claim on his descent from his great grandmother, Isabel, a bastard daughter of William I of Scotland. He was buried at Kirkham Priory. He was involved in the wars of Gascony and Scotland.[8] He discovered that Robert De Ros, Lord of Werke, intended to give up his castle to the Scots. William notified the king of this, who sent him with a thousand men to defend that place. The place was then forfeited because of the treason of Robert De Ros. William De Ros then took possession of it. William was appointed warden of the west Marches of Scotland.[8]

Through his marriage to Maud de Vaux the patronage of Penteney and Blakeney Priories in Norfolk and of Frestun in Lincolnshire came into the De Ros family. A video relating to relics found belonging to William de Ros and the Battle of Falkirk can be seen on YouTube under the title "braveheart battle camp metal detecting uk".

Marriage and issue

William de Ros married, before 1287, Maud de Vaux (born c.1261), younger daughter and coheiress of John De Vaux, by whom he had four sons and three daughters.[9]

William de Ros, 2nd Baron de Ros.
Sir John de Ros (d. before 16 November 1338), who married Margaret de Goushill (d. 29 July 1349).
Thomas de Ros.
George de Ros.
Agnes de Ros, who married firstly Sir Pain de Tibetot, and secondly Sir Thomas de Vere.
Alice de Ros, who married Sir Nicholas de Meinill. Their daughter, Elizabeth de Meinill, married Sir John Darcy, 2nd Lord Darcy of Knayth.
Margaret de Ros.

Footnotes:

Jump up ^ Debrett's Peerage, 1968, p.347
Jump up ^ http://www.celtic-casimir.com/webtree/13/24725.htm
Jump up ^ Cokayne 1949, p. 96; Richardson I 2011, pp. 69–73; Richardson III 2011, pp. 447–8.
Jump up ^ Richardson III 2011, pp. 447–8.
Jump up ^ Cokayne 1949, p. 95; Richardson III 2011, p. 448.
Jump up ^ Cokayne 1949, p. 95.
Jump up ^ Cokayne 1949, p. 97; Richardson III 2011, p. 448.
^ Jump up to: a b Burke, John (1831). A general and heraldic dictionary of the peerages of England, Ireland, and Scotland, extinct, dormant, and in abeyance. England. Oxford University
Jump up ^ Richardson III 2011, pp. 448–51.

References:

Cokayne, George Edward (1949). The Complete Peerage, edited by Geoffrey H. White. XI. London: St. Catherine Press.
Richardson, Douglas (2011). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. I (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1449966373
Richardson, Douglas (2011). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham. III (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 144996639X

Birth:
Map & History ... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmsley_Castle

Family/Spouse: Maud de Vaux. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John de Bohun. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Residence: Weaverthorpe, Yorkshire, England

Family/Spouse: Sir William de Braose, VI, Knight, 1st Baron Braose. William (son of Sir John de Braose and Marared ferch Llywelyn) was born in 1220-1224 in (Wales); died on 6 Jan 1291 in Findon, Sussex, England; was buried in Sele Priory, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Lucia married Sir Robert Plumpton, II in ~1295 in Plumpton, Yorkshire, England. Robert was born in 1262-1268 in Yorkshire, England; died in 1325-1326 in Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Isabel de Thweng (de Ros)
Also Known As: "Lady de Facounberg"
Birthdate: circa 1276
Birthplace: Hamlake Castle, Yorkshire, England
Death: Died 1318 in Cleveland, Yorkshire, England
Immediate Family:
Daughter of Sir William de Ros, Baron Ingmanthorpe and Eustace de Ros (FitzHugh)
Wife of Marmaduke Thweng, 1st Baron Thweng and Walter de Faucomberg, 2nd Baron Faucomberg
Mother of Lucy de Thwenge; Sir Thomas de Thweng, Knight, Forrester of Wyerdale; Katharine de Thweng; Sir William de Thweng; Sir Robert de Thweng and 3 others
Sister of Lucy/Lucia de Plumpton; Alice De Ros; Robert De Ros, Sr.; Ivetta Juetta de Ros; Agnes de Ross and 1 other
Half sister of William de Cauntelo
Managed by: Private User
Last Updated: September 14, 2016

About Isabel de Thweng
Isabel de Thweng (de Ros)

Birth:
Death: 1309
Parents: Sir William de Ros, Baron Ingmanthorpe and Eustace de Ros (FitzHugh)
Husband: Marmaduke de Thweng 1st Lord
Siblings:Lucy/Lucia de Ros; Alice De Ros; Robert De Ros, Sr.; Ivetta Juetta de Ros; Agnes de Ross; and Dorothea de Ros
REF:

Stirnet
The Peerage
G E Cockayne volume XII/1, page 741

Family/Spouse: Sir Marmaduke de Thweng, Knight, 1st Baron Thweng. Marmaduke was born in ~ 1250 in Kilton Castle, Kilton, North Yorkshire, England; died on 23 Apr 1323 in Kilton, North Yorkshire, England; was buried in Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Birth: 1285
North Yorkshire, England
Death: 1331
North Yorkshire, England

Born in 1285 in Ingmanthrope, Yorkshire, England to Baroness Eustace FitzRalph and Sir William de Ros. Married Knight Geoffrey I de SCROPE in 1306 in Masham, Yorkshire, England. Mother of John born in Masham, Yorkshire and Henry and Geoffrey Scrope.

Family links:
Parents:
William de Ros (____ - 1310)
Eustache FitzRalph Ros

Spouse:
Geoffrey Scrope (1280 - 1340)

Children:
Henry Scrope (1312 - 1392)*
Ivetta Scrope (1327 - 1391)*

*Calculated relationship

Burial:
Coverham Abbey
Coverham
Richmondshire District
North Yorkshire, England

Created by: Kaaren Crail Vining
Record added: Jan 24, 2014
Find A Grave Memorial# 124086009

Buried:
Picture & History ... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coverham_Abbey

Ivette married Sir Geoffrey le Scrope, Knight in 0___ 1306 in Masham, Yorkshire, England. Geoffrey (son of Sir William le Scrope and Constance Newsham) was born in 0___ 1280 in (Masham, Yorkshire, England); died on 2 Dec 1340 in Ghent, Belgium; was buried in Coverham Abbey, North Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

John married Constantia Sampson on 27 Aug 1294 in Holderness, Yorkshire, England. Constantia was born in 0___ 1273 in Holderness, Yorkshire, England; died in ~ 1346. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Saveric FitzGeoffrey. Saveric was born in 0___ 1205 in County Kildare, Ireland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Humphrey (IV) de Bohun (1204 – 24 September 1275) was 2nd Earl of Hereford and 1st Earl of Essex, as well as Constable of England. He was the son of Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford, and Maud FitzGeoffrey).

Career

He was one of the nine godfathers of Prince Edward, later to be Edward I of England. He served as High Sheriff of Kent for 1239–1240.

In 1258, after returning from a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, Humphrey fell away, like his father, from the royal to the baronial cause. He served as a nominee of the opposition on the committee of twenty-four which was appointed, in the Oxford parliament of that year, to create the Provisions of Oxford to reform the administration. It was only the alliance of Montfort with Llewelyn of North Wales that brought the earl of Hereford back to his allegiance. Humphrey V headed the first secession of the Welsh Marchers from the party of the opposition (1263), and was amongst the captives whom the Montfortians took at the Battle of Lewes.[1]

The earl's son and namesake was on the victorious side, and shared in the defeat of Evesham, which he did not long survive. Humphrey V was, therefore, naturally selected as one of the twelve arbitrators to draw up the Dictum of Kenilworth (1266), by which the disinherited rebels were allowed to make their peace. Dying in 1275, he was succeeded by his grandson Humphrey VII.[1]

Marriage and children

He married c. 1236 Maud de Lusignan (c. 1210 – 14 August 1241, buried at Llanthony, Gloucester), daughter of Raoul I of Lusignan, Comte d'Eu by marriage, and second wife Alix d'Eu, 8th Comtesse d'Eu and 4th Lady of Hastings, and had issue. Their children were:

Humphrey (V) de Bohun, who predeceased his father in 1265. The earldom therefore passed through him to his son Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford)
Henry de Bohun
Geoffrey de Bohun
Ralph de Bohun, Clerk
Maud de Bohun, married (1) Anselm Marshal, 6th Earl of Pembroke; (2) Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester
Alice de Bohun, married Roger V de Toeni
Eleanor de Bohun, married Sir John de Verdun, Baron of Westmeath
He married secondly, Maud de Avenbury (d. 8 October 1273), with whom he had two sons:

John de Bohun
Sir Miles de Bohun
Death & burial[edit]
He died in Warwickshire and was buried at Llanthony Secunda, Gloucester.

References

^ Jump up to: a b Public Domain One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Bohun". Encyclopµdia Britannica. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 137.
Complete Peerage

Humphrey married Maud de Lusignan in ~ 1246. Maud was born in ~ 1210 in Eu, Normandy, France; died on 14 Aug 1241; was buried in Llanthony Secunda, Gloucester, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Joan de la Chapelle. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alt Birth: ~ 1256, Herefordshire, England

Notes:

Humphrey (V) de Bohun (c. 1249[nb 1] – 31 December 1298), 3rd Earl of Hereford and 2nd Earl of Essex, was an English nobleman known primarily for his opposition to King Edward I over the Confirmatio Cartarum.[1] He was also an active participant in the Welsh Wars and maintained for several years a private feud with the earl of Gloucester.[2] His father, Humphrey (V) de Bohun, fought on the side of the rebellious barons in the Barons' War. When Humphrey (V) predeceased his father, Humphrey (VI) became heir to his grandfather, Humphrey (IV). At Humphrey (IV)'s death in 1275, Humphrey (VI) inherited the earldoms of Hereford and Essex. He also inherited major possessions in the Welsh Marches from his mother, Eleanor de Braose.

Bohun's spent most of his early career reconquering Marcher lands captured by Llywelyn ap Gruffudd during the Welsh war in England. This was finally accomplished through Edward I's war in Wales in 1277. Hereford also fought in Wales in 1282–83 and 1294–95. At the same time he also had private feuds with other Marcher lords, and his conflict with Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester, eventually ended with the personal intervention of King Edward himself. Hereford's final years were marked by the opposition he and Roger Bigod, Earl of Norfolk, mounted against the military and fiscal policy of Edward I. The conflict escalated to a point where civil war threatened, but was resolved when the war effort turned towards Scotland. The king signed the Confirmatio Cartarum – a confirmation of Magna Carta – and Bohun and Bigod agreed to serve on the Falkirk Campaign. Bohun died in 1298, and was succeeded by his son, Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford.

Family background and inheritance

Humphrey (VI) de Bohun was part of a line of Anglo-Norman aristocrats going back to the Norman Conquest, most of whom carried the same name.[3] His grandfather was Humphrey (IV) de Bohun, who had been part of the baronial opposition of Simon de Montfort, but later gone over to the royal side. He was taken prisoner at the Battle of Lewes in May 1264, but was restored to favour after the royalist victory at the Battle of Evesham the next year.[4] Humphrey (IV)'s son, Humphrey (V) de Bohun, remained loyal to the baronial side throughout the Barons' War, and was captured at Evesham on 4 August 1265. In October that year Humphrey (V) died in captivity at Beeston Castle in Cheshire from injuries he had sustained in the battle.[5]

Humphrey (V) had been excluded from succession as a result of his rebellion, but when Humphrey (IV) died in 1275, Humphrey (VI) inherited the earldoms of Hereford and Essex.[6] Humphrey (VI) had already served as deputy Constable of England under Humphrey (IV).[7] Humphrey (IV) had reserved the honour of Pleshey for his younger son Henry, but the remainder of his lands went to Humphrey (VI).[4] The inheritance Humphrey (VI) received – in addition to land in Essex and Wiltshire from Humphrey (IV) – also consisted of significant holdings in the Welsh Marches from his mother.[8] His mother Eleanor was a daughter and coheir of William de Braose and his wife Eva Marshal, who in turn was the daughter and coheir of William Marshal, regent to Henry III.[6]

Since Humphrey (VI) was only sixteen years old at the time of his father's death, the Braose lands were taken into the king's custody until 1270.[1] Part of this inheritance, the Marcher lordship of Brecon, was in the meanwhile given to the custody of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Hertford. Humphrey technically regained his lordship from Clare in 1270, but by this time these lands had effectively been taken over by the Welsh prince Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, who had taken advantage of the previous decade's political chaos in England to extend his territory into the Marches.[9]

He granted his brother Gilbert de Bohun all of their mother's lands in Ireland and some land in England and Wales.

Welsh Wars

See also: Conquest of Wales by Edward I
Over the next years, much of Hereford's focus was on reconquering his lost lands in the Marches, primarily through private warfare against Llywelyn.[10] Henry III died in 1272, while his son – now Edward I – was crusading; Edward did not return until 1274.[11] Llywelyn refused to pay homage to the new king, partly because of the military actions of Bohun and other Marcher lords, which Llywelyn saw as violations of the Treaty of Montgomery.[12] On 12 November 1276, Hereford was present at a royal assembly where judgment was passed on Llewelyn,[7] and in 1277, Edward I declared war on the Welsh prince.[13] Rebellion in his own Brecon lands delayed Hereford's participation in the early days of the Welsh war. He managed, however, to both suppress the rebellion, and conquer lands further west.[14] He then joined up with the royal army and served for a while in Anglesey, before returning to Brecon, where he received the surrender of certain Welsh lords.[15] After the campaign was over, on 2 January 1278, he received protection from King Edward to go on pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela in Spain.[7]

In 1282, war with Wales broke out again; this time it would not be simply a punitive campaign, but a full-scale war of conquest.[16] Initially, the king wanted to fight the war with paid forces, but the nobility insisted on the use of the feudal summons. To men like Hereford, this was preferable, because as part of a feudal army the participants would have both a stake in the war and a justifiable claim on conquered land. In the end, although the earls won, none of them were paid for the war effort.[17] Hereford jealously guarded his authority as hereditary Constable of England, and protested vigorously when the Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester was appointed commander of the forces in South Wales.[18] In the post war settlement, however, neither Hereford nor Gloucester received any significant rewards of land, the way several other magnates did.[19] Hereford fought again in Wales, in the suppression of the rebellion of 1294–95, when he again had to pacify the territory of Brecon before joining the king in the north.[20]

Private war in the Marches

The historic county of Brecknockshire, which corresponds roughly to Hereford's lordship of Brecon.
Parallel with the Welsh Wars, Hereford was also struggling to assert his claims to lands in the Marches against other Marcher lords. In 1284 Edward I granted the hundred of Iscennen in Carmarthenshire to John Giffard. Hereford believed the land belonged to him by right of conquest, and started a campaign to win the lands back, but the king took Giffard's side.[21] Problems also arose with the earl of Gloucester. As Gloucester's former ward, Hereford had to buy back his own right of marriage, but Gloucester claimed he had not received the full sum.[6] There was also remaining resentment on Hereford's part for his subordination to Gloucester in the 1282–83 campaign. The conflict came to a head when Gloucester's started construction of a castle at Morlais, which Hereford claimed was his land.[22] In 1286, the Crown ordered Gloucester to cease, but to no avail.[23]

It had long been established Marcher custom to solve conflicts through private warfare.[1] Hereford's problem, however, was his relative weakness in the Marches, and now he was facing open conflict with two different enemies. He therefore decided to take the issue to the king instead, in a break with tradition.[6] King Edward again ordered Gloucester to stop, but the earl ignored the order and initiated raids on Hereford's lands.[24] Hostilities continued and Hereford responded, until both earls were arrested and brought before the king.[25] The real offense was not the private warfare in itself, but the fact that the earls had not respected the king's injunction to cease.[2] In the parliament of January 1292, Gloucester was fined 10,000 marks and Hereford 1,000. Gloucester's liberty of Glamorgan was declared forfeit, and confiscated by the crown, as was Hereford's of Brecon.[26]

In the end the fines were never paid, and the lands were soon restored.[22] Edward had nevertheless demonstrated an important point. After the conquest of Wales, the strategic position of the Marcher lordships was less vital to the English crown, and the liberty awarded to the Marcher lords could be curtailed.[2] For Edward this was therefore a good opportunity to assert the royal prerogative, and to demonstrate that it extended also into the Marches of Wales.[27]

Opposition to Edward I

In 1294 the French king declared the English duchy of Aquitaine forfeit, and war broke out between the two countries.[28] Edward I embarked on a wide-scale and costly project of building alliances with other princes on the Continent, and preparing an invasion.[29] When the king, at the parliament of March 1297 in Salisbury, demanded military service from his earls, Roger Bigod, Earl of Norfolk, refused in his capacity of marshal of England. The argument was that the king's subjects were not obliged to serve abroad if not in the company of the king, but Edward insisted on taking his army to Flanders while sending his earls to Gascony.[30]


Bohun and Bigod confront King Edward. Early 20th-century imaginary illustration
At the time of the Salisbury parliament, Hereford was accompanying two of the king's daughters to Brabant, and could not be present.[31] On his return, however, as Constable of England, he joined Bigod in July in refusing to perform feudal service.[6] The two earls were joined in their opposition by the earls of Arundel and Warwick.[32] The main reasons for the magnates' defiance was the heavy burden of taxation caused by Edward's continuous warfare in Wales, France and Scotland. In this they were also joined by Robert Winchelsey, the Archbishop of Canterbury, who was in the midst of an ongoing dispute with the king over clerical taxation.[33] At one point Bohun and Bigod turned up in person at the Exchequer to protest a tax they claimed did not have the consent of the community of the realm.[34] For Hereford there was also a personal element in the opposition to the king, after the humiliation and the affront to his liberties he had suffered over the dispute in the Marches.[35][36] At a meeting just outside London, Bohun gave an impassioned speech objecting to the king's abuse of power and demanding the restoration of ancient liberties. The grievances were summarised in a document known as the Remonstrances.[37]

Neither party showed any inclination to back down, and the nation seemed on the brink of another civil war.[38] Just as the conflict was coming to a head, however, external events intervened to settle it. In September 1297, the English suffered a heavy defeat to the Scots at the Battle of Stirling Bridge.[39] The Scottish victory exposed the north of England to Scottish raids led by William Wallace. The war with Scotland received wider support from the English magnates, now that their own homeland was threatened, than did the war in France to protect the king's continental possessions.[40] Edward abandoned his campaign in France and negotiated a truce with the French king. He agreed to confirm Magna Carta in the so-called Confirmatio Cartarum (Confirmation of the Charters).[41] The earls consequently consented to serve with the king in Scotland, and Hereford was in the army that won a decisive victory over the Scots in the Battle of Falkirk in 1298.[7] Hereford, not satisfied that the king had upheld the charter, withdrew after the battle, forcing Edward to abandon the campaign.[2]

Death and family

The earthwork remains of Pleshey Castle where Humphrey de Bohun died.
In 1275 Bohun married Maud de Fiennes, daughter of Enguerrand de Fiennes, chevalier, seigneur of Fiennes, by his 2nd wife, Isabel (kinswoman of Queen Eleanor of Provence). She predeceased him, and was buried at Walden Priory in Essex. Hereford himself died at Pleshey Castle on 31 December 1298, and was buried at Walden alongside his wife.[6] They had one son Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford, born around 1276.[42] The son was given possession of his father's lands and titles on 16 February 1299.[43] The young Humphrey also inherited his father's title of Constable of England.[44]

A common theme in Humphrey de Bohun's actions was his fierce protection of what he regarded as his feudal privileges.[1] His career was marked by turbulence and political strife, particularly in the Marches of Wales, but eventually he left a legacy of consolidated possessions there. In 1297, at the height of the conflict between Edward I and rebellious barons, the king had actively tried to undermine Hereford's authority in the Marches, but failed due to the good relations the earl enjoyed with the local men.[45]

Notes

Jump up ^ He was reported to be 18 ½ years old in the 51st year of the reign of Henry III, and 24 or 26 after the death of his grandfather in 1275. Cokayne (1910–59), pp. 463–6.

References

^ Jump up to: a b c d Fritze and Robison, (2002).
^ Jump up to: a b c d Hicks (1991).
Jump up ^ White, Graeme (2004). "Bohun, Humphrey (III) de (b. before 1144, d. 1181)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/2774.
^ Jump up to: a b Vincent (2004).
Jump up ^ Powicke (1953), p. 202.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Waugh (2004).
^ Jump up to: a b c d Cokayne (1910–59), pp. 463–6.
Jump up ^ Morris (1901), p. 21.
Jump up ^ Morris (1901), p. 112.
Jump up ^ Davies (2000), pp. 322–3.
Jump up ^ Powicke (1952), pp. 225–6.
Jump up ^ Prestwich (1997), pp. 174–5.
Jump up ^ Powicke (1952), p. 408.
Jump up ^ Morris (1901), p. 171.
Jump up ^ Morris (1901), pp. 178–9, 194.
Jump up ^ Prestwich (1997), p. 188.
Jump up ^ Prestwich (1972), pp. 71–3.
Jump up ^ Prestwich (1972), p. 72.
Jump up ^ Prestwich (1997), p. 204.
Jump up ^ Morris (1901), p. 256.
Jump up ^ Morris (1901), pp. 201–2.
^ Jump up to: a b Prestwich (2007), p. 136.
Jump up ^ Prestwich (1997), p. 348.
Jump up ^ Morris (1901), p. 226.
Jump up ^ Carpenter (2003), p. 478.
Jump up ^ Powicke (1952), p. 350
Jump up ^ Davies (1978), pp. 259–60, 255–7.
Jump up ^ Prestwich (1997), pp. 378–9.
Jump up ^ Prestwich (1997), pp. 387–8.
Jump up ^ Powicke (1952), pp. 666, 678.
Jump up ^ Powicke (1952), p. 680 n.
Jump up ^ Prestwich (1997), p. 419.
Jump up ^ Prestwich (1997), p. 420.
Jump up ^ Carpenter (2003), p. 485.
Jump up ^ Morris (2008), p. 297.
Jump up ^ Morris (1901), pp. 274–5.
Jump up ^ Prestwich (1997), pp. 420–1.
Jump up ^ Davies (1978), p. 269.
Jump up ^ Morris (1901), p. 283.
Jump up ^ Prestwich (2007), p. 170.
Jump up ^ Prestwich (1997), pp. 427–8.
Jump up ^ Cokayne (1910–59), p. 467.
Jump up ^ Fryde, E. B. (1961). Handbook of British Chronology (Second ed.). London: Royal Historical Society. p. 431.
Jump up ^ Morris (1901), p. 300.
Jump up ^ Davies (1978), p. 290.

Sources

Carpenter, David (2003). The Struggle for Mastery: Britain, 1066-1284. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-522000-5.
Cokayne, George (1910–59). The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom. VI (New ed.). London: The St. Catherine Press.
Davies, R. R. (1978). Lordship and Society in the March of Wales, 1282-1400. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-822454-0.
Davies, R. R. (2000). The Age of Conquest: Wales, 1063-1415. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-820878-2.
Fritze, Ronald H.; William Baxter Robison (2002). "Bohoun, Humphrey de, 3rd Earl of Hereford and 2nd Earl of Essex (c. 1249-98)". Historical dictionary of late medieval England, 1272-1485. Westport, London: Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 61–3. ISBN 0-313-29124-1. Retrieved 2009-04-11.
Hicks, Michael (1991). Who's Who in Late Medieval England (1272-1485). Who's Who in British History Series. 3. London: Shepheard-Walwyn. pp. 29–30. ISBN 0-85683-092-5.
Morris, J. E. (1901). The Welsh Wars of Edward I. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Morris, Marc (2008). A Great and Terrible King: Edward I and the Forging of Britain (updated ed.). London: Hutchinson. ISBN 978-0-09-179684-6.
Prestwich, Michael (1972). War, Politics and Finance under Edward I. London: Faber and Faber. ISBN 0-571-09042-7.
Prestwich, Michael (1997). Edward I (updated ed.). New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-07209-0.
Prestwich, Michael (2007). Plantagenet England: 1225-1360 (new ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-822844-9.
Powicke, F. M. (1953). The Thirteenth Century: 1216-1307. Oxford: Clarendon. ISBN 0-19-285249-3.
Vincent, Nicholas (2004). "Bohun, Humphrey (IV) de, second earl of Hereford and seventh earl of Essex (d. 1275)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/2775.
Waugh, Scott L. (2004). "Bohun, Humphrey (VI) de, third earl of Hereford and eighth earl of Essex (c.1249–1298)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/2776.

Humphrey married Maud de Fiennes on 20 Jul 1275. Maud (daughter of Sir Enguerrand de Fiennes, Knight, Seigneur of Fiennes and Isabelle de Conde) was born in ~ 1251 in Wendover, Buckinghamshire, England; died on 6 Nov 1298; was buried in Saffron Walden, Essex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Eleanor de Bohun (died 20 February 1314, buried Walden Abbey). She married Robert de Ferrers, 6th Earl of Derby on 26 June 1269. They had at least two sons and one daughter.[9]

Eleanor married Sir Robert de Ferrers, Sr., Knight, 6th Earl of Derby on 26 Jun 1269. Robert (son of Sir William de Ferrers, III, Knight, 5th Earl of Derby and Margaret de Quincy) was born in 0___ 1239 in Tutbury Castle, Staffordshire, England; died before 27 April 1279 in (Staffordshire) England; was buried in Stafford, Staffordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Name: Margery (Margaret) de BOHUN , Heiress of Bisley 1 2 3 4
Sex: F
ALIA: Margery (Eleanor) Heiress of /Bisley/
Birth: ABT 1252 in Bisley, Stroud, Gloucestershire, England
Note:
Margery (or Eleanor), heiress of 1/4 hundred of Bisley, co. Gloucester. [Ancestral Roots]

--------------------------------------------------------

He [Theobald de Verdun] married, before 6 November 1276, Margery (c). He died 24 August 1309 at Alton, aged about 61, and was buried 13 October in Croxden Abbey, in that co. [Complete Peeerage XII/2:249-50, (transcribed by Dave Utzinger)]

(c) By right of his wife he held 1/4 of the hundred of Bisley, co. Gloucester.

--------------------------------------------------------

The following is a post to SGM, 11 Jan 2002, by Douglas Richardson:

From: Douglas Richardson (royalancestry AT msn.com)
Subject: Margery de Bohun, wife of Theobald de Verdun (Was: A New Bohun Daughter Discovered)
Newsgroups: soc.genealogy.medieval
Date: 2002-01-11 15:41:47 PST

Dear Newsgroup ~

Today I had the opportunity to further research the matter of Theobald de Verdun's wife, Margery.

VCH Gloucester 11 (1976): 12 indicates about 1170, Hugh, Earl of Chester, granted the fee of Bisley, co. Gloucester to Humphrey de Bohun, son-in-law of Miles of Hereford. Humphrey was to hold the property for the service of 3 knights fees out of the 5 owed for the fee.

VCH Gloucester 11 (1976): 1 further shows that in 1274, the Hundred Rolls show that the hundred of Bisley was held by Peter Corbet (in right of his wife, Joan), Tibbald le Botiler (in right of his wife, Margery), and Richard le Eyer. Half of the profits belonged to Peter, the other half was shared equally by Tibbald and Richard.

In 1303, a total of 2 3/4 fees in Bisley and Stroud were held from the earl of Hereford. including parts of Bisley manor, which fees were in the possession respectively of Joan Corbet, Tibbald de Verdun, and Richard of Bisley [Reference: Feudal Aids, 2 (1900): 251].

In 1309, at Theobald de Verdun's death, it was recorded that he owned a capital messuage and lands at Bisley, co. Gloucester "in free marriage of the earl of Hereford by service of rendering 1 lb. cummin yearly." [Reference: Cal. IPM, vol. 5 (1908): 96].

The above information, taken together with the abstract of the legal case I posted earlier today, make it clear that Theobald de Verdun's wife, Margery, was the daughter of Humphrey de Bohun, and that she had a 1/4 share of the manor and hundred of Bisley, co. Gloucester in free marriage. Also, it appears that Margery was married previously to a certain Robert de W., who evidently died prior to 1274, without male issue. For an abstract of the legal case, see my earlier post which is shown below.

As to which Humphrey de Bohun was Margery's father, it appears that the correct Humphrey is the Humphrey de Bohun, born say 1230, died 1265, who married before 1249 Eleanor, daughter of William de Breuse, lord of Abergavenny, by Eve, daughter of William le Marshal, Earl of Pembroke. This Humphrey was never Earl of Hereford, he having died in his father's lifetime. This would explain why Theobald de Verdun's statements refer to him only as "one Humphrey" and not as "Humphrey, Earl of Hereford."

It is unusual that a high born marriage for a Bohun woman should have escaped the attention of so many people prior to this time. This situation appears to have been caused by the tangled history of the hundred and manor of Bisley, co. Gloucester, which properties had multiple owners. It is fortunate indeed that a record of Theobald de Verdun's statements regarding his wife's parentage were preserved in the Yearbooks of Edward I and that his inquisition clearly show that he acquired the property at Bisley in free marriage, held under the Earls of Hereford.

Given that some 40 odd immigrants descend from Theobald de Verdun and his wife, Margery de Bohun, this new discovery doubtless affects the ancestry of a good many people here in the newsgroup.

Best always, Douglas Richardson, Salt Lake City, Utah

E-mail: royalancestry AT msn.com




Father: Humphrey VI de BOHUN , Governor of Winchester b: ABT 1228 in Caldicot, Chepstow, Monmouthshire, Wales
Mother: Eleanor de BRAOSE b: 1230 in Brecknock, Breconshire, Wales

Marriage 1 Theobald 1st Baron de VERDUN , Sir b: ABT 1248 in Alton Castle, Cheadle, Staffordshire, England
Married: BEF 6 NOV 1276 5 6 7
Children
Has Children Theobald 2nd Baron de VERDUN , MP, Sir b: 8 SEP 1278 in Alton Castle, Cheadle, Staffordshire, England

Sources:
Title: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th Edition, by Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Shippard Jr., 1999
Page: 70-31
Text: Margery or Eleanor (no last name)
Title: Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999
Page: 13-5
Text: Margery (no last name)
Title: Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000
Page: XII/2:250
Text: Margery (no last name)
Title: Newsgroup: soc.genealogy.medieval, at groups - google.com
Page: Douglas Richardson, 11 Jan 2002
Title: Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists, 7th Edition, by Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Shippard Jr., 1999
Page: 70-31
Title: Magna Charta Sureties 1215, Frederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Sheppard Jr, 5th Edition, 1999
Page: 13-5
Title: Complete Peerage of England Scotland Ireland Great Britain and the United Kingdom, by G. E Cokayne, Sutton Publishing Ltd, 2000

*

Margaret married Sir Theobald de Verdun before 6 Nov 1276. Theobald (son of Sir John de Verdun, Baron of Westmeath and Margaret de Lacy) was born in ~ 1248 in Alton Castle, Cheadle, Staffordshire, England; died on 24 Aug 1309 in Alton, Staffordshire, England; was buried in Croxden Abbey, Staffordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Alice Beauchamp formerly Toeni
Born about 1254 [location unknown]
HIDE ANCESTORS
Daughter of Roger (Toeni) de Tony and Alice (Bohun) de Tony
Sister of Ralph (Toeni) de Tony
Wife of Walter (Beauchamp) de Beauchamp — married about 1269 [location unknown]
DESCENDANTS descendants
Mother of Margaret (Beauchamp) Lisle, Walter (Beauchamp) de Beauchamp, Roger Beauchamp and Giles (Beauchamp) de Beauchamp
Died after 1347 [location unknown]
Profile managers: Robin Wood private message [send private message], Magna Carta Project WikiTree private message [send private message], Jean Maunder private message [send private message], and Lyman Carpenter private message [send private message]
Toeni-51 created 23 Apr 2013 | Last modified 27 Jun 2017
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Categories: Magna Carta | Bohun-7 Descendants.

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Alice (Toeni) Beauchamp is a descendant of a Magna Carta surety baron.
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Discuss: MAGNA_CARTA

Alice (Toeni) de Beauchamp is a descendant of Magna Carta surety baron Henry de Bohun

Contents
[hide]
1 Caution
2 Biography of Alice de Toeni
2.1 Birth and Parentage
2.2 Marriage
2.3 Death of Walter
2.4 Widowhood
3 Children
4 Sources
5 Acknowledgements
Caution
Several diferent women bore the name Alice de Toeni:

Alice de Toeni daughter of Roger (V) de Toeni and Alice de Bohun, born b. 1254, who married Walter de Beauchamp. Birth and death place not stated.
Alice de Toeni, daughter of Ralph de Toeni and Mary de Bohun, born Flamstead, Herefordshire April 26, 1284, and married Thomas de Leybourne, Guy de Beauchamp and William de Mortimer la Zouche.
Alice de Toeni, born Norfolk about 1252. No parents shown, no documentation. Married William de Mortimer. Died Norfolk 1298. Mother of Constantine. This person may be a conflation of the other two Alices.
Biography of Alice de Toeni
Daughter of Roger V Toeni and Alice Bohun
Sister of Raoul VII Toeni
Wife of Walter Beauchamp
Mother of Margaret de Lisle and Giles Lord of Alcester, Beauchamp
Baron Roger de Tony and Alice de Bohun
Birth and Parentage
Alice was born 1254, the year her parents' marriage became effective, making her aged 15 at her own marriage in 1269. [1]

She was the daughter of Roger de Tony, of Flamstead, etc, by Alice, daughter of Humphrey de Bohen, Knt, Earl of Hereford and Essex. [2]

Marriage
About 1269 Alice de Tony married Walter de Beauchamp, Knt. [2] Alice's maritagium included the manor of East Coulston, Wiltshire, which property have previously been part of the maritagium of her mother, Alice de Bohun. He was born before 12142 (adult in 1263). [2]

Death of Walter
Sir Walter de Beauchamp died testate at Chalfont, Buckinghamshire 16 Feb 1302/3, and was buried in the Grey Friars at Smithfield 24 Feb 1302/3. [3]

Widowhood
In 1309 his widow, Alice, was granted protection for one year, she going on a pilgrimage beyond seas. [3]

In 1310 she was summoned to answer Edward Burnell of a plea wherefore she made waste and sale of the lands, houses, woods, and gardens which she had in the warship of the inheritance of the said Edward in Broom Court near Bidford, Warwickshire to his disherison. [3]

In 1313 Alice was disputing the advowson of Kemerton, Gloucestershire with Hawise, widow of John de Ferrers. [3]

She presented to the church of Kemerton, Gloucestershire in 1332. [3]

In 1334 she was cited by the Pope to appear as witness regarding the matter of the consanquinity existing between her kinsfolk, John de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Essex, and his wife, Margaret Basset. [3]

Alice was living in 1347. [2]

Children
Alice and Walter had seven sons, Walter, Knt, John, William, Knt, Humphrey (clerk), Ralph, Giles, Knt, and Roger, and four daughters, Pernel, Eleanor, Margaret, and Maud (Abbess of Godstow.)[2]

Walter, Knt. Sheriff of Warwicksire and Leicestershire, 1316-1318. Married Hawise, no issue.[2]
John. Younger son. Before 1318 his brother Walter granted him the manors of Powick and Bransford for his life and that of his mother.[2]
William, Knt. Keeper of Clarendon Forest, 1308, Sheriff of Worcestershire, 1316-18. Married Joan, one son, William, living in 1334. Fought in Flanders 1297 and in Scotland 1298 and 1306. 1328 Heir to his older brother Walter. [2]
Humphrey, Clerk[2]
Ralph[2]
Giles. Received manors from his older brother Walter, 21 May 1329 married Katherine de Bures, daughter and heiress of John de Bures, Knt. [2]
Roger
Pernel
Eleanor de Beauchamp married first John le Boteler, of Wem, Shropshire, and second John de la Mare, Lord del la Mare.[2]
Margaret married Robert de Lisle, Knt, 1st Lord Lisle of Rougemont. [2]
Maud de Beauchamp, elected Abbess of Godstow Abbey, Oxfordshire, in 1335. She was living in June 1346, but died in or before 1349, when her successor was elected. [2]
Sources
? Our Royal, Titled, Noble and Commoner Ancestors & Cousins
? 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry. Salt Lake City, Utah, 2013. Volume IV, pp 410-411 (also Vol I, p 285)
? 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, Vol III, page 384-5
See also:
(S) Magna Carta Ancestry, (S) Fenwick Allied Ancestry, Sellers, Teacher Genealogist Bond 007. Foundation for Medieval Genealogy
Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, (2011), Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, Royal Ancestry series, 2nd edition, 4 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham, (Salt Lake City, Utah: the author, 2011), volume III, page 384-5
Our Royal, Titled, Noble and Commoner Ancestors & Cousins database online, compiled by Mr. Marlyn Lewis, follows Douglas Richardson's Magna Carta Ancestry. It includes Magna Carta Surety Barons and many of their descendants. Alice de Toeni

end of biography

Alice married Sir Walter Beauchamp in ~1269. Walter (son of Baron William de Beauchamp and Isabel Mauduit) was born before 1242 in Elmley Castle, Worcester, England; died before 16 Feb 1303 in Stratford on Avon, Warwickshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Maud "Matilda" de Grey formerly Verdun aka de Verdun
Born after 1250 [location unknown]
ANCESTORS ancestors
Daughter of John (Butler) de Verdun and Eleanor (Bohun) de Verdun
Sister of Theobald (Verdun) de Verdun [half]
Wife of John (Grey) de Grey — married 1281 in Wilton, Herefordshire, England
DESCENDANTS descendants
Mother of Maud (Grey) de Moels, Henry Wilton Grey, Alice (Grey) Burley and Roger (Grey) de Grey
Died 28 Oct 1323 [location unknown]
Profile managers: Katherine Patterson private message [send private message], Alton Rogers private message [send private message], Jean Maunder private message [send private message], and Dallas Riedesel private message [send private message]
Verdun-37 created 14 Mar 2012 | Last modified 20 Apr 2017 | Last edit:
20 Apr 2017
16:48: Alton Rogers edited the Status Indicators for Maud (Verdun) de Grey. [Thank Alton for this]
This page has been accessed 1,640 times.

Almost nothing is known about Maud de Verdun. Her existence is an inference.

Chris Phillips writes in Some corrections and additions to the Complete Peerage, under Volume 6: Grey of Wilton (PROPOSED CORRECTIONS):

Volume 6, page 174:
He [John (de Grey), Lord Grey (of Wilton) (died 1323)] married 1stly (it is said), Anne, daughter of Sir William DE FERRERS, of Groby, co. Leicester, by his 1st wife, Anne, da. of Sir Hugh LE DESPENSER, of Ryhall, Rutland, Loughborough, co. Leicester, Parlington, co. York, &c. He m., 2ndly, Maud, who is said to have been daughter of Sir Ralph BASSET, of Drayton, co. Stafford, by Margaret, daughter of Sir Roger DE SOMERY, of Dudley, co. Worcester.
Douglas Richardson, in January 2002, provided evidence that John's wife in 1277 was called Maud, and suggested that she was the daughter of John de Verdun (d. 1274), by his second wife Eleanor, who was apparently a Bohun [citing Essex Feet of Fines, vol. 2, p. 13, a fine by which Eleanor settled lands in Debden, Essex, on John and Maud, in Trinity Term, 5 Edward I]. He also pointed out that Blore [History and Antiquities of the County of Rutland, pp. 164, 165 (1811)] identifies a wife of John de Grey as "Matilda, daughter of John de Verdun".
The evidence suggests further that Maud was the mother of John's sons Henry and Roger (who later disputed the manor of Weldebernes, in Debden [citing Index of Placita de Banco, 1327-1328, part 1, p. 143 (P.R.O. Lists and Indexes, no 32)]) and his daughter Joan (whose daughter Margaret was found to be related in the fourth degree to her husband John de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Essex (died 1335/6) [citing Calendar of Papal Letters, vol. 2, p. 349]).

Marlyn Lewis.
__________
Style standards rule. See Changes tab for history.

Thanks to Jean Maunder, Dallas Riedesel, Derek Rose, Katherine Patterson, Pamela Durrell, Stephen Wilkinson, Christina Marshall, in no particular order.
Biography

Sources

Royal Ancestry by Douglas Richardson Vol. V p. 368
Magna Carta Ancestry 2011 2nd ed. Vol. IV p. 341-343

end of biography

Maud married Sir John de Grey, 2nd Baron Grey of Wilton in 1281. John (son of Sir Reginald Grey, Knight, 1st Baron Grey of Wilton and Maud Longchamp) was born before 1268 in Wilton Castle, Ross-on-Wye, Herefordshire, England; died on 23 Oct 1323 in Huntingdonshire, England; was buried on 18 Nov 1323. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sir Richard de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster. Richard (son of Sir Walter de Burgh, 1st Earl of Ulster and Aveline FitzJohn) was born in 1259 in Ireland; died before 29 Aug 1326 in Athassel Monestary, Tipperary, Munster, Ireland; was buried in Athassel Monestary, Tipperary, Munster, Ireland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: 1296-1306; Guardian of Scotland

Notes:

Red Comyn was the son of John Comyn, ‘the Black Comyn’, one of the claimants for the Scots throne. His mother was Eleanor Balliol so King John Balliol was his uncle. The Comyns sided with the Balliols and became the enemies of the Bruces.

John Comyn married an English noblewoman, Joan de Valence. Her father was an uncle of King Edward I.

When Scotland was plunged into war, Robert the Bruce’s father was constable of Carlisle Castle under Edward I. The Black Comyn and the Comyn Earl of Buchan attacked Carlisle Castle in support of the Scots King Balliol.

Red Comyn was among the Scots captured at the Battle of Dunbar in 1296. He was imprisoned in the Tower of London. After agreeing to fight for Edward in Flanders, Red Comyn deserted and sailed to Scotland. It is said that he led the cavalry at the Battle of Falkirk. The Scots cavalry at Falkirk were vastly outnumbered by English knights and mounted men at arms. They turned and rode away, leaving the Scots foot soldiers to be slaughtered by Edward I’s army.

Red Comyn was made a guardian of Scotland alongside Robert the Bruce, after the resignation of William Wallace and the death of Andrew Moray. In 1299, at a council in Peebles, a fight broke out between Comyn and Bruce - it was reported that Comyn grabbed Bruce by the throat. Within a year Bruce had resigned the guardianship.

When his father, the Black Comyn, died, John Comyn became Lord of Badenoch.

In February 1303, Red Comyn and Sir Simon Fraser defeated three successive English forces at the Battle of Roslin. It is said that Wallace may have fought at the battle. The Scots drove the English knights over the steep sides of Roslin Glen and cut down their English prisoners as a second then a third force arrived. In 1304 Red Comyn was forced to make peace with Edward I.

On 10 February 1306, Robert the Bruce and the Red Comyn fought by the high altar at Greyfriars Kirk in Dumfries. Comyn was killed and Bruce went on to become king.

*
.

more...

Robert the Bruce met John Comyn, his rival for the crown of Scotland, at Greyfriars monastery in Dumfries. A row erupts and Comyn is murdered. Bruce becomes an outlaw.

Video: A history of Scotland: Bishop Makes King. http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/history/wars_of_independence/bruce_kills_comyn_at_greyfriars_church_dumfries/

*

more...

Fascinating biography of Red Comyn and his family's influence on Scotland's history... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_III_Comyn,_Lord_of_Badenoch

More on John... http://www.educationscotland.gov.uk/scotlandshistory/warsofindependence/johncomyn/index.asp or
http://www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk/usbiography/c/johniiicomyn.html

*

John married Joan de Valence about 1289 in Badenoch, Isle of Skye, Inverness, Scotland. Joan (daughter of Sir William de Valence, Knight, 1st Earl of Pembroke and Lady Joan de Munchensi, Countess of Pembroke) died in 0___ 1326. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Edward Balliol (c. 1283 - 1367) was a claimant to the Scottish throne (1314–1356). With English help, he briefly ruled the country from 1332 to 1336.

Life

He was the eldest son of John Balliol, erstwhile King of the Scots, and Isabella de Warenne, daughter of John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey, and Alice de Lusignan. Alice was daughter of Hugh X de Lusignan and Isabella of Angoulãeme, widow of John, King of England.

The death of King Robert I weakened Scotland considerably, since his son and successor David II was still a child and the two most able lieutenants, the Black Douglas and Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray, both died shortly afterwards.

Taking advantage of this, Edward Balliol, backed by Edward III of England, defeated the Regent, the Earl of Mar, at the Battle of Dupplin Moor in Perthshire. He was crowned at Scone in September 1332, but three months later he was forced to flee half-naked back to England, following a surprise attack by nobles loyal to David II at the Battle of Annan.

On his retreat from Scotland, Balliol sought refuge with the Clifford family, land owners in Westmorland, and stayed in their castles at Appleby, Brougham, Brough, and Pendragon.[1]

He was restored by the English in 1333, following the Battle of Halidon Hill. Balliol then ceded the whole of the district formerly known as Lothian to Edward and paid homage to him as liege lord. With no serious support in Scotland, he was deposed again in 1334,[citation needed] and restored again in 1335, and finally deposed in 1336 by those loyal to David II. All realistic hopes of Edward's restoration were lost when David II returned from France in June 1341.

He returned to Scotland after the defeat of David II at Battle of Neville's Cross in 1346, raising an insurrection in Galloway, and speedily penetrated to the central parts of the kingdom. However, he gained no permanent footing.

On 20 January 1356, Balliol surrendered his claim to the Scottish throne to Edward III in exchange for an English pension. He spent the rest of his life living in obscurity. He died in 1367, at Wheatley, Doncaster, Yorkshire, England. The location of his grave is believed to be under a Doncaster Post Office.[2]

Agnes married Sir Gilbert Stapleton, Knight on 10 May 1306. Gilbert (son of Sir Miles de Stapleton and unnamed spouse) was born in Carlton, Yorkshire, England; died in 1321. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Katherine married Sir John de Grey, KG, 2nd Baron Grey of Rotherfield before 1313. John (son of Sir John de Grey, 1st Baron Grey de Rotherfield and Margaret de Odingsells) was born on 9 Oct 1300 in Rotherfield, Oxfordshire, England; died on 1 Sep 1359 in Rotherfield, Oxfordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Ordained: Guardian of Scotland

Notes:

John II Comyn, Lord of Badenoch and Lord of Lochaber (died 1302) or John "the Black", also known as Black Comyn, a Scottish nobleman, was a Guardian of Scotland, and one of the six Regents for Margaret, Maid of Norway. His father was John I Comyn, Lord of Badenoch.

Competitor for the Crown

In 1284 he joined with other Scottish noblemen who acknowledged Margaret of Norway as the heir of King Alexander.[1] He was a Guardian of the Realm from 1286 to 1292.[2] Comyn submitted to the English king in July 1296 at Montrose.[3]

As a descendant of King Donald III, Comyn was one of the thirteen Competitors for the Crown of Scotland. He did not aggressively push his claim for fear of jeopardising that of his brother-in-law John de Balliol, King of Scotland.[3]

Comyn, head of the most powerful noble family in Scotland, was a committed ally of Balliol and assisted him in his struggle against Edward I of England. It has even been suggested that the Comyn family were the driving force behind both the Balliol kingship and the revolt against Edward's demands. John Comyn is credited with the building of several large castles or castle houses in and around Inverness. Parts of Mortlach (Balvenie Castle) and Inverlochy Castle still stand today. John Comyn as his father was before him was entrusted by Alexander III of Scotland with the defense of Scotland's northern territories from invasion by the Vikings and the Danes.

Family

Comyn married Eleanor de Balliol, daughter of John I de Balliol of Barnard Castle, sister of King John of Scotland. Together they had several children, which included:

John III Comyn, Lord of Badenoch.,[4][5] who married Lady Joan de Valence of Pembroke, daughter of William de Valence, 1st Earl of Pembroke, who was the half-brother to Henry III of England, and uncle of Edward I of England.
One of their daughters, Euphemia, married Sir Andrew Moray of Petty.
Their other daughter, whose given name is not known, married Sir William Galbraith, Chief of that Ilk. It is commonly accepted that Sir William Galbraith and the unnamed Princess of Badenoch are the common progenitures of the Kincaid Family of Scotland and all of their descendents.

Death

John II Comyn, Lord of Badenoch died at Lochindorb Castle,[3] in 1302.

Family/Spouse: Eleanor de Balliol. Eleanor (daughter of John de Balliol, King of Scotland and Dervorguilla of Galloway) was born in 0___ 1246. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Burial: Melrose Abbey

Notes:

Robert I (11 July 1274 - 7 June 1329), popularly known as Robert the Bruce (Medieval Gaelic: Roibert a Briuis; modern Scottish Gaelic: Raibeart Bruis; Norman French: Robert de Brus or Robert de Bruys, Early Scots: Robert Brus), was King of Scots from 1306 until his death in 1329. Robert was one of the most famous warriors of his generation, and eventually led Scotland during the first of the Wars of Scottish Independence against England. He fought successfully during his reign to regain Scotland's place as an independent nation and is today remembered in Scotland as a national hero.

Descended from the Anglo-Norman and Gaelic nobilities, his paternal fourth-great grandfather was David I. Robert’s grandfather, Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale, was one of the claimants to the Scottish throne during the "Great Cause". As Earl of Carrick, Robert the Bruce supported his family’s claim to the throne and took part in William Wallace’s revolt against Edward I of England. In 1298, Bruce became a Guardian of Scotland alongside his great rival for the Scottish throne, John Comyn, and William Lamberton, Bishop of St. Andrews. Bruce resigned as guardian in 1300 due in part to his quarrels with Comyn but chiefly because the restoration of King John seemed imminent. In 1302, he submitted to Edward I and returned to "the king’s peace". When his father died in 1304, Bruce inherited his family’s claim to the throne. In February 1306, following an argument during a meeting at Greyfriars monastery, Dumfries, Bruce killed Comyn. He was excommunicated by the Pope but absolved by Robert Wishart, Bishop of Glasgow.

Bruce moved quickly to seize the throne and was crowned king of Scots on 25 March 1306, at Scone. Edward I’s forces defeated Robert in battle, and Bruce was forced to flee into hiding in the Hebrides and Ireland before returning in 1307 to defeat an English army at Loudoun Hill and wage a highly successful guerrilla war against the English. Bruce defeated the Comyns and his other Scots enemies, destroying their strongholds and devastating their lands from Buchan to Galloway. In 1309, he held his first parliament at St Andrews, and a series of military victories between 1310 and 1314 won him control of much of Scotland. At the Battle of Bannockburn in June 1314, Bruce defeated a much larger English army under Edward II, confirming the re-establishment of an independent Scottish monarchy. The battle marked a significant turning point, and, freed from English threats, Scotland's armies could now invade northern England; Bruce launched devastating raids into Lancashire and Yorkshire. He also decided to expand his war against the English and create a second front by sending an army under his younger brother, Edward, to invade Ireland, appealing to the native Irish to rise against Edward II's rule.

Despite Bannockburn and the capture of the final English stronghold at Berwick in 1318, Edward II refused to give up his claim to the overlordship of Scotland. In 1320, the Scottish magnates and nobles submitted the Declaration of Arbroath to Pope John XXII, declaring Bruce as their rightful monarch and asserting Scotland’s status as an independent kingdom. In 1324, the Pope recognised Bruce as king of an independent Scotland, and in 1326, the Franco-Scottish alliance was renewed in the Treaty of Corbeil. In 1327, the English deposed Edward II in favour of his son, Edward III, and peace was temporarily concluded between Scotland and England with the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton, by which Edward III renounced all claims to sovereignty over Scotland.

Robert the Bruce died on 7 June 1329. His body is buried in Dunfermline Abbey, while his heart was interred in Melrose Abbey. Bruce's lieutenant and friend Sir James Douglas agreed to take the late King's embalmed heart on crusade to the Lord's Sepulchre in the Holy Land, but he reached only as far as Moorish Granada. Douglas was killed in battle during the siege of Teba while fulfilling his promise. His body and the casket containing the embalmed heart were found upon the field. They were both conveyed back to Scotland by Sir William Keith of Galston.

Background and early life

Robert de Brus, 1st Lord of Annandale, the first of the Bruce, or de Brus, line arrived in Scotland with David I in 1124 and was given the lands of Annandale in Dumfries and Galloway.[4] Robert was the first son of Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale, and Marjorie, Countess of Carrick, and claimed the Scottish throne as a fourth great-grandson of David I.[5] His mother was by all accounts a formidable woman who, legend would have it, kept Robert Bruce's father captive until he agreed to marry her. From his mother, he inherited the Earldom of Carrick, and through his father, a royal lineage that would give him a claim to the Scottish throne. The Bruces also held substantial estates in Garioch, Essex, Middlesex, and County Durham.[6]

Although Robert the Bruce's date of birth is known,[7] his place of birth is less certain, although it is most likely to have been Turnberry Castle in Ayrshire, the head of his mother’s earldom.[1][7][8][9][10] Very little is known of his youth. He was probably brought up in a mixture of the Anglo-Norman culture of northern England and south-eastern Scotland, and the Gaelic culture of south-west Scotland and most of Scotland north of the River Forth. Annandale was thoroughly feudalised and the form of Northern Middle English that would later develop into the Scots language was spoken throughout the region. Carrick was historically an integral part of Galloway, and though the earls of Carrick had achieved some feudalisation, the society of Carrick at the end of the thirteenth century remained emphatically Celtic and Gaelic speaking.[11]

Robert the Bruce would most probably have become trilingual at an early age. He would have spoken both the Anglo-Norman language of his Scots-Norman peers and his father’s family, and the Gaelic language of his Carrick birthplace and his mother’s family. He would also have spoken the early Scots language.[12][13] The family would have moved between the castles of their lordships — Lochmaben Castle, the main castle of the lordship of Annandale, and Turnberry and Loch Doon Castle, the castles of the earldom of Carrick. Robert had nine siblings, and he and his brother Edward may have been fostered according to Gaelic tradition, spending a substantial part of their youth at the courts of other noblemen (Robert’s foster-brother is referred to by Barbour as sharing Robert’s precarious existence as an outlaw in Carrick in 1307-08).[14] As heir, Robert would have been schooled by tutors in all the requirements of courtly etiquette, and he would have waited as a page at his father’s and grandfather’s tables. This grandfather, known to contemporaries as Robert the Noble, and to history as "Bruce the Competitor" (because he competed with the other claimants to the throne of Scotland in the "Great Cause") seems to have been an immense influence on the future king.[14]

Robert's first appearance in history is on a witness list of a charter issued by Alexander Og MacDonald, Lord of Islay. His name appears in the company of the Bishop of Argyll, the vicar of Arran, a Kintyre clerk, his father, and a host of Gaelic notaries from Carrick.[15] Robert Bruce, the king to be, was sixteen years of age when Margaret, Maid of Norway died in 1290. It is also around this time that Robert would have been knighted, and he began to appear on the political stage in the Bruce dynastic interest.[16]

Robert's mother died early in 1292. In November of the same year Edward I of England, on behalf of the Guardians of Scotland and following the "Great Cause", awarded the vacant Crown of Scotland to his grandfather's first cousin once removed, John Balliol.[17] Almost immediately, his grandfather, Robert de Brus, 5th Lord of Annandale, resigned his Lordship of Annandale and his claim to the throne to Robert's father. Days later that son, Robert de Brus, 6th Lord of Annandale, resigned the earldom of Carrick he had held in right of his late wife to their son, Robert, the future king.[18]

Even after John's accession, Edward still continued to assert his authority over Scotland and relations between the two kings soon began to deteriorate. The Bruces sided with King Edward against King John and his Comyn allies. Robert the Bruce and his father both considered John a usurper.[19][20] Against the objections of the Scots, Edward I agreed to hear appeals on cases ruled on by the court of the Guardians that had governed Scotland during the interregnum.[21] A further provocation came in a case brought by Macduff, son of Malcolm, Earl of Fife, in which Edward demanded that John appear in person before the English Parliament to answer the charges.[21] This the Scottish king did, but the final straw was Edward's demand that the Scottish magnates provide military service in England's war against France.[21] This was unacceptable; the Scots instead formed an alliance with France.[22] The Comyn-dominated council acting in the name of King John summoned the Scottish host to meet at Caddonlee on 11 March. The Bruces and the earls of Angus and March refused, and the Bruce family withdrew temporarily from Scotland, while the Comyns seized their estates in Annandale and Carrick, granting them to John Comyn, Earl of Buchan.[20] Edward I thereupon provided a safe refuge for the Bruces, having appointed the Lord of Annandale to the command of Carlisle Castle in October 1295.[23] At some point in early 1296, Robert married his first wife, Isabella of Mar, the daughter of Domhnall I, Earl of Mar and his wife Helen.

Beginning of the Wars of Independence[edit]

Drawing of Robert the Bruce and Isabella of Mar, from 1562
Almost the first blow in the war between Scotland and England was a direct attack on the Bruces. On 26 March 1296, Easter Monday, seven Scottish earls made a surprise attack on the walled city of Carlisle, which was not so much an attack against England as the Comyn Earl of Buchan and their faction attacking their Bruce enemies.[24] Both his father and grandfather were at one time Governors of the Castle, and following the loss of Annandale to Comyn in 1295, it was their principal residence. Robert Bruce would have gained first-hand knowledge of the city’s defences. The next time Carlisle was besieged, in 1315, Robert the Bruce would be leading the attack.[23]

Edward I responded to King John's alliance with France and the attack on Carlisle by invading Scotland at the end of March 1296 and taking the town of Berwick in a particularly bloody attack upon the flimsy palisades.[25][26] At the Battle of Dunbar, Scottish resistance was effectively crushed.[27] Edward deposed King John, placed him in the Tower of London, and installed Englishmen to govern the country. The campaign had been very successful, but the English triumph would only be temporary.[23][28]

Although the Bruces were by now back in possession of Annandale and Carrick, in August 1296 Robert Bruce, Lord of Annandale, and his son, Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick and future king, were among the more than 1,500 Scots at Berwick[29] who swore an oath of fealty to King Edward I of England.[30] When the Scottish revolt against Edward I broke out in July 1297, James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland, led into rebellion a group of disaffected Scots, including Robert Wishart, Bishop of Glasgow, MacDuff, the son of the earl of Fife, and the young Robert Bruce.[31] The future king was now twenty-two, and in joining the rebels he seems to have been acting independently of his father, who took no part in the rebellion and appears to have abandoned Annandale once more for the safety of Carlisle. It appears that Robert Bruce had fallen under the influence of his grandfather’s friends, Wishart and Stewart, who had inspired him to resistance.[31] With the outbreak of the revolt, Robert left Carlisle and made his way to Annandale, where he called together the knights of his ancestral lands and, according to the English chronicler Walter of Guisborough, addressed them thus:

No man holds his own flesh and blood in hatred and I am no exception. I must join my own people and the nation in which I was born. I ask that you please come with me and you will be my councillors and close comrades"[31][32]

Urgent letters were sent ordering Bruce to support Edward's commander, John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey (to whom Bruce was related), in the summer of 1297; but instead of complying, Bruce continued to support the revolt against Edward I. That Bruce was in the forefront of fomenting rebellion is shown in a letter written to Edward by Hugh Cressingham on 23 July 1292, which reports the opinion that "if you had the earl of Carrick, the Steward of Scotland and his brother…you would think your business done".[33] On 7 July, Bruce and his friends made terms with Edward by a treaty called the Capitulation of Irvine. The Scottish lords were not to serve beyond the sea against their will and were pardoned for their recent violence in return for swearing allegiance to King Edward. The Bishop of Glasgow, James the Steward, and Sir Alexander Lindsay became sureties for Bruce until he delivered his infant daughter Marjorie as a hostage, which he never did.[citation needed].

When King Edward returned to England after his victory at the Battle of Falkirk, the Bruce's possessions were excepted from the Lordships and lands that Edward assigned to his followers. The reason for this is uncertain, though Fordun records Robert fighting for Edward, at Falkirk, under the command of Antony Bek, Bishop of Durham, Annandale and Carrick. This participation is contested as no Bruce appears on the Falkirk roll of nobles present in the English army, and two 19th Century antiquarians: Alexander Murison and George Chalmers have stated Bruce did not participate and in the following month decided to lay waste Annandale and burn Ayr Castle, to prevent it being garrisoned by the English.

William Wallace resigned as Guardian of Scotland after his defeat at the Battle of Falkirk. He was succeeded by Robert Bruce and John Comyn as joint Guardians, but they could not see past their personal differences. As a nephew and supporter of King John, and as someone with a serious claim to the Scottish throne, Comyn was Bruce's enemy. In 1299, William Lamberton, Bishop of St. Andrews, was appointed as a third, neutral Guardian to try to maintain order between Bruce and Comyn. The following year, Bruce finally resigned as joint Guardian and was replaced by Sir Gilbert de Umfraville, Earl of Angus. In May 1301, Umfraville, Comyn, and Lamberton also resigned as joint Guardians and were replaced by Sir John de Soules as sole Guardian. Soules was appointed largely because he was part of neither the Bruce nor the Comyn camps and was a patriot. He was an active Guardian and made renewed efforts to have King John returned to the Scottish throne.

In July 1301 King Edward I launched his sixth campaign into Scotland. Though he captured the castles of Bothwell and Turnberry, he did little to damage the Scots' fighting ability, and in January 1302 he agreed to a nine-month truce. It was around this time that Robert the Bruce submitted to Edward, along with other nobles, even though he had been on the side of the Scots until then. There were rumours that John Balliol would return to regain the Scottish throne. Soules, who had probably been appointed by John, supported his return, as did most other nobles. But it was no more than a rumour and nothing came of it.

In March 1302 Bruce sent a letter to the monks at Melrose Abbey apologising for having called tenants of the monks to service in his army when there had been no national call-up. Bruce pledged that, henceforth, he would "never again" require the monks to serve unless it was to "the common army of the whole realm", for national defence. Bruce also married his second wife that year, Elizabeth de Burgh, the daughter of Richard de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster. By Elizabeth he had four children: David II, John (died in childhood), Matilda (who married Thomas Isaac and died at Aberdeen 20 July 1353), and Margaret (who married William de Moravia, 5th Earl of Sutherland in 1345).

In 1303, Edward invaded again, reaching Edinburgh before marching to Perth. Edward stayed in Perth until July, then proceeded via Dundee, Brechin, and Montrose to Aberdeen, where he arrived in August. From there he marched through Moray to Badenoch before re-tracing his path back south to Dunfermline. With the country now under submission, all the leading Scots, except for William Wallace, surrendered to Edward in February 1304. John Comyn, who was by now Guardian, submitted to Edward. The laws and liberties of Scotland were to be as they had been in the days of Alexander III, and any that needed alteration would be with the assent of King Edward and the advice of the Scots nobles.

On 11 June 1304, Bruce and William Lamberton made a pact that bound them, each to the other, in “friendship and alliance against all men.” If one should break the secret pact, he would forfeit to the other the sum of ten thousand pounds. The pact is often interpreted[by whom?] as a sign of their patriotism despite both having already surrendered to the English. Homage was again obtained from the nobles and the burghs, and a parliament was held to elect those who would meet later in the year with the English parliament to establish rules for the governance of Scotland. The Earl of Richmond, Edward's nephew, was to head up the subordinate government of Scotland. While all this took place, William Wallace was finally captured near Glasgow, and he was hanged, drawn, and quartered in London on 23 August 1305.

In September 1305, Edward ordered Robert Bruce to put his castle at Kildrummy, "in the keeping of such a man as he himself will be willing to answer for," suggesting that King Edward suspected Robert was not entirely trustworthy and may have been plotting behind his back. However, an identical phrase appears in an agreement between Edward and his lieutenant and lifelong friend, Aymer de Valence. A further sign of Edward's distrust occurred on 10 October 1305, when Edward revoked his gift of Sir Gilbert de Umfraville's lands to Bruce that he had made only six months before.[34]

Robert Bruce as Earl of Carrick, and now 7th Lord of Annandale, held huge estates and property in Scotland and a barony and some minor properties in England, and a strong claim to the Scottish throne.

Murder of John Comyn; for his biography, go to: http://thehennesseefamily.com/getperson.php?personID=I35738&tree=hennessee

The killing of Comyn in the Greyfriars church in Dumfries, as imagined by Felix Philippoteaux, a 19th-century illustrator.
Bruce, like all his family, had a complete belief in his right to the throne. However, his actions of supporting alternately the English and Scottish armies had led to a great deal of distrust towards Bruce among the "Community of the Realm of Scotland". His ambition was further thwarted by John Comyn, who had been much more resolute in his opposition to the English. Comyn was the most powerful noble in Scotland and was related to many more powerful nobles both within Scotland and England, including relatives that held the earldoms of Buchan, Mar, Ross, Fife, Angus, Dunbar, and Strathearn; the Lordships of Kilbride, Kirkintilloch, Lenzie, Bedrule, and Scraesburgh; and sheriffdoms in Banff, Dingwall, Wigtown, and Aberdeen. He also had a powerful claim to the Scottish throne through his descent from Donald III on his father's side and David I on his mother's side. Comyn was the nephew of John Balliol.

According to Barbour and Fordoun, in the late summer of 1305, in a secret agreement sworn, signed, and sealed, John Comyn agreed to forfeit his claim to the Scottish throne in favour of Robert Bruce upon receipt of the Bruce lands in Scotland should an uprising occur led by Bruce.[35] Whether the details of the agreement with Comyn are correct or not, King Edward moved to arrest Bruce while Bruce was still at the English court. Fortunately for Bruce, his friend, and Edward's son-in-law, Ralph de Monthermer learnt of Edward's intention and warned Bruce by sending him twelve pence and a pair of spurs. Bruce took the hint,[36] and he and a squire fled the English court during the night. They made their way quickly for Scotland.

According to Barbour, Comyn betrayed his agreement with Bruce to King Edward I, and when Bruce arranged a meeting for 10 February 1306 with Comyn in the Chapel of Greyfriars Monastery in Dumfries and accused him of treachery, they came to blows.[37] Bruce assaulted Comyn in Dumfries before the high altar. The Scotichronicon says that on being told that Comyn had survived the attack and was being treated, two of Bruce's supporters, Roger de Kirkpatrick (uttering the words "I mak siccar" ("I make sure")) and John Lindsay, went back into the church and finished Bruce's work. Barbour, however, tells no such story. Bruce asserted his claim to the Scottish crown and began his campaign by force for the independence of Scotland.

Bruce and his party then attacked Dumfries Castle where the English garrison surrendered. Bruce hurried from Dumfries to Glasgow, where his friend and supporter Bishop Robert Wishart granted him absolution and subsequently adjured the clergy throughout the land to rally to Bruce.[38] Nonetheless, Bruce was excommunicated for this crime.[39]

English records still in existence today tell a completely different story. They state that the Comyn murder was planned in an attempt to gain the throne of Scotland. For this reason King Edward of England wrote to the Pope and asked for his excommunication of Robert Bruce. No records have ever been found in England stating that King Edward had any knowledge of treachery by Robert Bruce before his acts against Comyn. They state that King Edward did not hear of the murder of John Comyn until several days after his death[citation needed].

War of King Robert I

Bruce crowned King of Scots; modern tableau at Edinburgh Castle
Six weeks after Comyn was killed in Dumfries, Bruce was crowned King of Scots by Bishop William de Lamberton at Scone, near Perth, on 25 March 1306 with all formality and solemnity. The royal robes and vestments that Robert Wishart had hidden from the English were brought out by the Bishop and set upon King Robert. The bishops of Moray and Glasgow were in attendance as well as the earls of Atholl, Menteith, Lennox, and Mar. The great banner of the kings of Scotland was planted behind his throne.[40]

Isabella MacDuff, Countess of Buchan and wife of John Comyn, 3rd Earl of Buchan (a cousin of the murdered John Comyn) arrived the next day, too late for the coronation. She claimed the right of her family, the MacDuff Earl of Fife, to crown the Scottish king for her brother, Donnchadh IV, Earl of Fife, who was not yet of age, and in English hands. So a second coronation was held and once more the crown was placed on the brow of Robert Bruce, Earl of Carrick, Lord of Annandale, King of the Scots.

In June 1306 Bruce was defeated at the Battle of Methven. His wife and daughters and other women of the party were sent to Kildrummy in August 1306 under the protection of Bruce's brother Neil Bruce and the Earl of Atholl and most of his remaining men.[41] Bruce fled with a small following of his most faithful men, including Sir James Douglas and Gilbert Hay, Bruce's brothers Thomas, Alexander, and Edward, as well as Sir Neil Campbell and the Earl of Lennox.[42]

Edward I marched north again in the spring. On his way, he granted the Scottish estates of Bruce and his adherents to his own followers and had published a bill excommunicating Bruce. Bruce's queen, Elizabeth, his daughter Marjorie, his sisters Christina and Mary, and Isabella MacDuff were captured in a sanctuary at Tain and sent to harsh imprisonment, which included Mary and Isabella being hung in cages at Roxburgh and Berwick castles respectively for about four years, while Bruce's brother Neil was executed by being hanged, drawn, and quartered.[43][44]

On 7 July, King Edward I died, leaving Bruce opposed by the king's son, Edward II.

It is still uncertain where Bruce spent the winter of 1306–07. Most likely he spent it in the Hebrides, possibly sheltered by Christina of Garmoran, who was married to Bruce's brother-in-law, Duncan, the brother of Bruce's first wife, Isabella of Mar. Ireland is also a serious possibility, and Orkney (under Norwegian rule at the time) or Norway proper (where his sister Isabel Bruce was queen dowager) although unlikely are not impossible.[45] Bruce and his followers returned to the Scottish mainland in February in two groups. One, led by Bruce and his brother Edward landed at Turnberry Castle and began a guerrilla war in south-west Scotland. The other, led by his brothers Thomas and Alexander, landed slightly further south in Loch Ryan, but they were soon captured and executed. In April, Bruce won a small victory over the English at the Battle of Glen Trool, before defeating Aymer de Valence, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, at the Battle of Loudoun Hill. At the same time, James Douglas made his first foray for Bruce into south-western Scotland, attacking and burning his own castle in Douglasdale. Leaving his brother Edward in command in Galloway, Bruce travelled north, capturing Inverlochy and Urquhart Castles, burning Inverness Castle and Nairn to the ground, then unsuccessfully threatening Elgin.

Transferring operations to Aberdeenshire in late 1307, he threatened Banff before falling seriously ill, probably owing to the hardships of the lengthy campaign. Recovering, leaving John Comyn, 3rd Earl of Buchan unsubdued at his rear, Bruce returned west to take Balvenie and Duffus Castles, then Tarradale Castle on the Black Isle. Looping back via the hinterlands of Inverness and a second failed attempt to take Elgin, Bruce finally achieved his landmark defeat of Comyn at the Battle of Inverurie in May 1308; he then overran Buchan and defeated the English garrison at Aberdeen. The Harrying of Buchan in 1308 was ordered by Bruce to make sure all Comyn family support was extinguished. Buchan had a very large population because it was the agricultural capital of northern Scotland, and much of its population was loyal to the Comyn family even after the defeat of the Earl of Buchan. Most of the Comyn castles in Moray, Aberdeen, and Buchan were destroyed and their inhabitants killed. Bruce ordered similar harryings in Argyle and Kintyre, in the territories of Clan MacDougall. With these acts, Bruce had successfully destroyed the power of the Comyns, which had controlled much of northern and southwestern Scotland for over a hundred and fifty years. He then crossed to Argyll and defeated the MacDougalls (allies of the Comyns) at the Battle of Pass of Brander and took Dunstaffnage Castle, the last major stronghold of the Comyns.[46]


Bruce reviewing troops before the Battle of Bannockburn
In March 1309, Bruce held his first Parliament at St. Andrews, and by August he controlled all of Scotland north of the River Tay. The following year, the clergy of Scotland recognised Bruce as king at a general council. The support given to him by the church in spite of his excommunication was of great political importance. Over the next three years, one English-held castle or outpost after another was captured and reduced: Linlithgow in 1310, Dumbarton in 1311, and Perth, by Bruce himself, in January 1312. Bruce also made raids into northern England and, landing at Ramsey in the Isle of Man, then laid siege to Castle Rushen in Castletown, capturing it on 21 June 1313 and denying the island's strategic importance to the English. In the spring of 1314, Edward Bruce laid siege to Stirling Castle, whose governor, Philip de Mowbray, agreed to capitulate if not relieved before 24 June 1314. In March 1314, James Douglas captured Roxburgh, and Randolph captured Edinburgh Castle. In May, Bruce again raided England and subdued the Isle of Man.

The eight years of exhausting but deliberate refusal to meet the English on even ground have caused many to consider Bruce as one of the great guerrilla leaders of any age. This represented a transformation for one raised as a feudal knight.

Battle of Bannockburn

Main article: Battle of Bannockburn
Bruce secured Scottish independence from England militarily – if not diplomatically – at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314. An English army led by Edward II in person trying to relieve the siege of Stirling Castle was decisively defeated in an atypical set-piece battle.

Further confrontation with England then the Irish conflict[edit]
Main article: Bruce campaign in Ireland
Freed from English threats, Scotland's armies could now invade northern England. Bruce also drove back a subsequent English expedition north of the border and launched raids into Yorkshire and Lancashire. Buoyed by his military successes, Bruce's forces also invaded Ireland in 1315, purportedly to free the country from English rule (having received a reply to offers of assistance from Donal O'Neil, king of Tyrone), and to open a second front in the continuing wars with England. The Irish even crowned Edward Bruce as High King of Ireland in 1316. Robert later went there with another army to assist his brother.

In conjunction with the invasion, Bruce popularised an ideological vision of a "Pan-Gaelic Greater Scotia" with his lineage ruling over both Ireland and Scotland. This propaganda campaign was aided by two factors. The first was his marriage alliance from 1302 with the de Burgh family of the Earldom of Ulster in Ireland; second, Bruce himself, on his mother's side of Carrick, was descended from Gaelic royalty in Scotland as well as Ireland. Bruce's Irish ancestors included Eva of Leinster (d.1188), whose ancestors included Brian Boru of Munster and the kings of Leinster. Thus, lineally and geopolitically, Bruce attempted to support his anticipated notion of a pan-Gaelic alliance between Scottish-Irish Gaelic populations, under his kingship. This is revealed by a letter he sent to the Irish chiefs, where he calls the Scots and Irish collectively nostra nacio (our nation), stressing the common language, customs and heritage of the two peoples:

Whereas we and you and our people and your people, free since ancient times, share the same national ancestry and are urged to come together more eagerly and joyfully in friendship by a common language and by common custom, we have sent you our beloved kinsman, the bearers of this letter, to negotiate with you in our name about permanently strengthening and maintaining inviolate the special friendship between us and you, so that with God's will our nation (nostra nacio) may be able to recover her ancient liberty.

The diplomacy worked to a certain extent, at least in Ulster, where the Scots had some support. The Irish chief, Donal O'Neil, for instance, later justified his support for the Scots to Pope John XXII by saying "the Kings of Lesser Scotia all trace their blood to our Greater Scotia and retain to some degree our language and customs."[47]

The Bruce campaign in Ireland was characterised by some initial military success. However, the Scots failed to win over the non-Ulster chiefs or to make any other significant gains in the south of the island, where people couldn't see the difference between English and Scottish occupation. Eventually it was defeated when Edward Bruce was killed at the Battle of Faughart. The Irish Annals of the period described the defeat of the Bruces by the English as one of the greatest things ever done for the Irish nation due to the fact it brought an end to the famine and pillaging wrought upon the Irish by both the Scots and the English.[48]

Diplomacy

The reign of Robert Bruce also included some significant diplomatic achievements. The Declaration of Arbroath of 1320 strengthened his position, particularly vis-áa-vis the Papacy, and Pope John XXII eventually lifted Bruce's excommunication. In May 1328 King Edward III of England signed the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton, which recognised Scotland as an independent kingdom, and Bruce as its king.

Death

King Robert I is buried in Dunfermline Abbey

Robert I had been suffering from a serious illness from at least 1327. The Lanercost Chronicle and Scalacronica state that the king was said to have contracted and died of leprosy.[49] Jean Le Bel also stated that in 1327 the king was a victim of 'la grosse maladie', which is usually taken to mean leprosy.[49] However, the ignorant use of the term 'leprosy' by fourteenth-century writers meant that almost any major skin disease might be called leprosy. The earliest mention of this illness is to be found in an original letter written by an eye-witness in Ulster at the time the king made a truce with Sir Henry Mandeville on 12 July 1327. The writer of this letter reported that Robert I was so feeble and struck down by illness that he would not live, 'for he can scarcely move anything but his tongue'.[49] Barbour writes of the king's illness that 'it began through a benumbing brought on by his cold lying', during the months of wandering from 1306 to 1309.[50] None of the Scottish accounts of his death hint at leprosy. It has been proposed that, alternatively, he may have suffered from tuberculosis, syphilis, motor neurone disease, or a series of strokes.[51] There does not seem to be any evidence as to what the king himself or his physicians believed his illness to be. Nor is there any evidence of an attempt in his last years to segregate the king in any way from the company of friends, family, courtiers, or foreign diplomats.[50]

In October 1328 the Pope finally lifted the interdict from Scotland and the excommunication of Robert I.[52] The king’s last journey appears to have been a pilgrimage to the shrine of Saint Ninian at Whithorn; this was possibly in search of a miraculous cure, or to make his peace with God. With Moray by his side, Robert set off from his manor at Cardross for Tarbert on his 'great ship', thence to the Isle of Arran, where he celebrated Christmas of 1328 at the hall of Glenkill near Lamlash. Thence he sailed to the mainland to visit his son and his bride, both mere children, now installed at Turnberry Castle, the head of the earldom of Carrick and once his own main residence.[49][52] He journeyed overland, being carried on a litter, to Inch in Wigtownshire: houses were built there and supplies brought to that place, as though the king's condition had deteriorated. At the end of March 1329 he was staying at Glenluce Abbey and at Monreith, from where St Ninian’s cave was visited.[52] Early in April he arrived at the shrine of St Ninian at Whithorn. He fasted four or five days and prayed to the saint, before returning by sea to Cardross.[49][52]

Barbour and other sources relate that Robert summoned his prelates and barons to his bedside for a final council at which he made copious gifts to religious houses, dispensed silver to religious foundations of various orders, so that they might pray for his soul, and repented of his failure to fulfil a vow to undertake a crusade to fight the 'Saracens' in the Holy Land.[49][52] Robert's final wish reflected conventional piety, and was perhaps intended to perpetuate his memory. After his death his heart was to be removed from his body and borne by a noble knight on a crusade against the Saracens and carried to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem, before being brought back to Scotland:[49][52]

I will that as soone as I am trespassed out of this worlde that ye take my harte owte of my body, and embawme it, and take of my treasoure as ye shall thynke sufficient for that enterprise, both for your selfe and suche company as ye wyll take with you, and present my hart to the holy Sepulchre where as our Lorde laye, seyng my body can nat come there.[53]

Robert died on 7 June 1329, at the Manor of Cardross, near Dumbarton.[54] He died utterly fulfilled, in that the goal of his lifetime's struggle – untrammelled recognition of the Bruce right to the crown – had been realised, and confident that he was leaving the kingdom of Scotland safely in the hands of his most trusted lieutenant, Moray, until his infant son reached adulthood.[55] Six days after his death, to complete his triumph still further, papal bulls were issued granting the privilege of unction at the coronation of future Kings of Scots.[55]

Burial

The king's body was embalmed and his sternum was sawn to allow extraction of the heart, which Sir James Douglas placed in a silver casket to be worn on a chain around his neck. The body was taken to Dunfermline Abbey, and Robert I was interred in what was then the very centre of the abbey, beneath the high altar, and beside his queen.[55] The king’s tomb was carved in Paris by Thomas of Chartres from alabaster brought from England and was decorated with gold leaf. The tomb was transported to Dunfermline via Bruges and was erected over the king’s grave in the autumn of 1330. Ten alabaster fragments from the tomb are on display in the National Museum of Scotland and traces of gilding still remain on some of them.[49][55]

When a projected international crusade failed to materialise, Douglas and his company sailed to Spain where Alfonso XI of Castile was mounting a campaign against the Moorish kingdom of Granada. According to tradition, Douglas and his company including Sir William de Keith, Sir William de St. Clair of Rosslyn and the brothers Sir Robert Logan of Restalrig and Sir Walter Logan, were received by Alfonso. In August 1330 they participated in the Battle of Teba. As he was pursuing the Moorish cavalry after having fought back a feigned attack, Sir James Douglas took the silver casket containing the heart of Robert the Bruce from his neck, and threw it before him among the enemy, saying, "Now pass thou onward before us, as thou wert wont, and I will follow thee or die." The Muslim cavalry, realising the small number of their pursuers, turned around and renewed the fight. Douglas was about to retreat when he noticed Sir William de St. Clair of Rosslyn being surrounded by Moorish warriors, and with his remaining men attempted to relieve him. As the knights were hard pressed and outnumbered by the Moors, Sir James Douglas and most of his men were slain, among them Sir Robert Logan and Sir Walter Logan. A few of the surviving companions of Douglas found both his body and the casket on the battlefield and took care that they were sent back home. The Bruce's heart was brought back to Scotland by Sir Symon Locard of Lee (later Lockhart) and Sir William Keith of Galston.[3][56]

In accordance with Bruce's written request, the heart was buried at Melrose Abbey in Roxburghshire.[57] In 1920, the heart was discovered by archaeologists and was reburied, but the location was not marked.[58] In 1996, a casket was unearthed during construction work.[59] Scientific study by AOC archaeologists in Edinburgh, demonstrated that it did indeed contain human tissue and it was of appropriate age. It was reburied in Melrose Abbey in 1998, pursuant to the dying wishes of the King.[58]

Discovery of the Bruce's tomb
Main article: Dunfermline Abbey

The tower of the rebuilt eastern end of the Abbey bears the sculpted words "King Robert The Bruce"
On 17 February 1818, workmen breaking ground on the new parish church to be built on the site of the eastern choir of Dunfermline Abbey uncovered a vault before the site of the former abbey high altar.[60][61] The vault was covered by two large, flat stones – one forming a headstone, and a larger stone six feet (182 cm) in length, with six iron rings or handles set in it. When these stones were removed, the vault was found to be seven feet (214 cm) in length, 56 cm wide and 45 cm deep.[62] Within the vault, inside the remnants of a decayed oak coffin, there was a body entirely enclosed in lead, with a decayed shroud of cloth of gold over it. Over the head of the body the lead was formed into the shape of a crown.[63] Fragments of marble and alabaster had been found in the debris around the site of the vault several years earlier, which were linked to Robert the Bruce’s recorded purchase of a marble and alabaster tomb made in Paris.[64] The Barons of Exchequer ordered that the vault was to be secured from all further inspection with new stones and iron bars and guarded by the town constables, and that once the walls of the new church were built up around the site, an investigation of the vault and the remains could take place.[65] Accordingly, on 5 November 1819, the investigation took place. The cloth of gold shroud and the lead covering were found to be in a rapid state of decay since the vault had first been opened 21 months earlier.[62] The body was raised up and placed on a wooden coffin board on the edge of the vault. It was found to be covered in two thin layers of lead, each around 5 mm thick. The lead was removed and the skeleton was inspected by James Gregory and Alexander Monro, Professor of Anatomy at the University of Edinburgh. The sternum was found to have been sawn open from top to bottom, permitting removal of the king’s heart after death.[66] A plaster cast was taken of the detached skull by artist William Scoular.[66][67] The bones were measured and drawn, and the king’s skeleton was measured to be 5 feet 11 inches (180 cm). It has been estimated that Bruce may have stood at around 6 feet 1 inch (186 cm) tall as a young man, which by medieval standards was impressive. At this height he would have stood almost as tall as Edward I (6 feet 2 inches; 188 cm).[66]

The skeleton, lying on the wooden coffin board, was then placed upon the top of a lead coffin and the large crowd of curious people who had assembled outside the church were allowed to file past the vault to view the king’s remains.[68] It was at this point in the proceedings that some small relics – teeth and finger bones – were allegedly removed from the skeleton. The published accounts of eyewitnesses such as Henry Jardine and James Gregory confirm the removal of small objects at this time.[69] Robert the Bruce’s remains were ceremonially re-interred in the vault in Dunfermline Abbey on 5 November 1819. They were placed in a new lead coffin, into which was poured 1,500 lbs of molten pitch to preserve the remains, before the coffin was sealed.[68]

A number of reconstructions of the face of Robert the Bruce have been produced, including those by Richard Neave from the University of Manchester [70] and Peter Vanezis from the University of Glasgow

Burial:
his heart at Melrose Abbey ...

Photos, history & source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melrose_Abbey

Buried:
his body at Dunfermline Abbey

Photos, history & source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunfermline_Abbey

Family/Spouse: Isabella of Mar. Isabella (daughter of Domhnall, I, Earl of Mar and Helen of Wales) was born in ~ 1277 in Kildrummy Castle, Aberdeenshire, Scotland; died on 12 Dec 1296 in Manor of Cardross, Dunbartonshire, Scotland; was buried in Paisley Abbey, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Elizabeth de Burgh, Queen Consort of Scotland. Elizabeth (daughter of Sir Richard de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster and Lady Margaret de Burgh, Countess of Ulster) was born in ~ 1284 in Ireland; died on 26 Oct 1327. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: unnamed partner. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Children of Alice de Toeni Countess of Warwick and Guy of Beauchamp 2nd Earl of Warwick are:

9. i. Maud de Beauchamp was born 1311 in Warwick Castle, Warwick, Warwickshire, England, and died 25 JUL 1369 in Sawbridgeworth, Hertfordshire, England. She married Geoffrey IV 2nd Baron de Say, son of Geoffrey III 1st Baron de Say and Idonea de Leybourne. He was born BEF 4 JUN 1305 in Sawbridgeworth, Bishop's Stortford, Hertfordshire, England, and died 26 JUN 1359. She married Edmund HusbandofMaud Beauchamp AFT 1359. He was born ABT 1307 in England.
ii. Emma of Beauchamp was born ABT 1311 in Warwick Castle, Warwick, Warwickshire, England. She married Rowland Odingsels.
iii. Giles de Beauchamp Sir of Powick & Acton was born 1313 in Warwick Castle, Warwick, Warwickshire, England, and died 12 OCT 1361 in Beauchamp's Court, Alcester, Warwickshire, England. He married Catherine de Bures 1329, daughter of John de Bures Sir and Hawise de Muscegros. She was born BEF 1315 in Bures St. Mary, Sudbury, Suffolk, England, and died AFT OCT 1355.
iv. Thomas of Beauchamp 4th Earl of Warwick was born 14 FEB 1313/14 in Warwick Castle, Warwick, Warwickshire, England, and died 13 NOV 1369 in Calais, Pas-de-Calais, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France. He married Katherine de Mortimer ABT 1333 in Warwickshire, England, daughter of Roger de Mortimer 1st Earl of March and Joan de Geneville Countess of March. She was born OCT 1309 in Wigmore, Herefordshire, England, and died BET 4 AUG AND 6 SEP 1369 in Warwick Castle, Warwick, Warwickshire, England.
v. Lucia Jane de Beauchamp was born ABT 1315 in Warwick Castle, Warwick, Warwickshire, England. She married Robert or Roger de Napton.
vi. Elizabeth de Beauchamp was born ABT 1315 in Warwick Castle, Warwick, Warwickshire, England, and died 1359 in Warwick Castle, Warwick, Warwickshire, England. She married Thomas 3rd Baron de Astley in England, son of Giles Astley Sir and Alice de Wolvey. He was born ABT 1305 in Astley, Warwickshire, England, and died AFT 3 MAY 1366. She married William Fortescue ABT 1339 in Sheepham, Devon, England. He was born 1300 in Whympston Estate, Modbury, Devon, England, and died ABT 1342.

Alice married Sir Guy de Beauchamp, Knight, 10th Earl of Warwick on 28 Feb 1309 in England. Guy (son of Baron William de Beauchamp and Isabel Mauduit) was born in 0___ 1262 in Elmley Castle, Worcester, England; died on 12 Aug 1315 in Warwick Castle, Warwickshire, England; was buried in Bordesley Abbey, Worcester, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Elizabeth Grey formerly Hastings aka de Hastings
Born 1294 in Abergavenny, Monmouthshire, England
ANCESTORS ancestors
Daughter of John (Hastings) de Hastings and Isabel (Valence) de Hastings
Sister of Joan Hastings, John Hastings, Henry Hastings, William Hastings, Thomas Hastings [half], Margaret Hastings [half], Hugh (Hastings) de Hastings [half] and John Wynston [half]
Wife of Roger (Grey) de Grey — married about 1314 in Ruthin, Denbigh, Wales
DESCENDANTS descendants
Mother of Maud Grey, Julian Grey, Johanna (Grey) De Grey, Elizabeth (Grey) Okeover, John (Grey) de Grey, Reynold (Grey) de Grey and Mary Grey
Died 6 Mar 1352 in Ruthin, Denbighshire, Wales

Profile managers: Katherine Patterson Find Relationship private message [send private message] and Wendy Hampton Find Relationship private message [send private message]
Hastings-121 created 21 Feb 2011 | Last modified 6 May 2019
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Elizabeth (Hastings) Grey was a member of aristocracy in the British Isles.
[citation needed] for dates.

Biography
Elizabeth de Hastings was a daughter of Sir John de Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings, by his 1st wife Isabel de Valence.

She married Sir Roger de Grey, a younger son of the 2nd Lord Grey of Wilton. Her husband had a goodly chunk of the family property settled on him, including Ruthin Castle, and became the 1st Lord Grey of Ruthin.

They had 2 sons

Sir John (dvp)
Sir Reynold, who succeeded
and 4 daughters

Julian, wife of Sir John Talbot, of Richard's Castle
Mary, wife of Sir John de Burgh
Joan, wife of Sir William de Patshull
Maud, wife of William de la Roche
Many good sources show another daughter, Elizabeth, wife of Sir Philip Okeover, though this seems not to be uncontroversial.

Sources
"Royal Ancestry" 2013 Douglas Richardson Vol. III. p. 124-125
"Royal Ancestry" 2013 Douglas Richardson Vol. III. p. 258
"Royal Ancestry" 2013 Douglas Richardson Vol. V. p. 369
Richardson, Douglas: Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd edn. (2011), 4 vols, Volume 2, page 271, GREY 5. Daughter Elizabeth not mentioned here.
HoP, discusses Elizabeth.
Marlyn Lewis.
Ancestry Family Trees
Ancestry.com
Pedigree Resource File
Ancestral File
hofundssonAnces.ged

end of this biography

Elizabeth married Sir Roger Grey, 1st Lord Grey of Ruthyn in ~1314 in Ruthin, Denbighshire, Wales. Roger (son of Sir John de Grey, 2nd Baron Grey of Wilton and Maud de Verdun) was born in ~ 1300 in Wilton Castle, Ross-on-Wye, Herefordshire, England; died on 6 Mar 1353 in Ruthin, Denbighshire, Wales. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Margery Foliot. Margery (daughter of Sir Richard Foliot, 2nd Lord Foliot and Joan de Braose) was born in ~ 1313 in (England); died on 8 Aug 1349. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: Member of Parliament
• Military: Lord High Admiral

Notes:

William de Ros, 2nd Baron de Ros of Helmsley (c.1288 - 3 February 1343) was the son of William de Ros, 1st Baron de Ros.

Biography

As 2nd Baron de Ros of Hamlake, Werke, Trusbut & Belvoir, he was summoned to Parliament during the reigns of Edward II and Edward III of England. In 1321 he completed the religious foundation which his father had begun at Blakeney. He was created Lord Ross of Werke. He was appointed Lord High Admiral and was one of the commissioners with the Archbishop of York, and others, to negotiate peace between the king and Robert de Bruce, who had assumed the title of king of Scotland.

William de Ros was buried at Kirkham Priory, near the great altar.

Family

William de Ros married, before 25 November 1316, Margery De Badlesmere (c.1306 - 18 October 1363), eldest daughter of Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere, with Margaret, daughter of Sir Thomas de Clare, with whom he had two sons and three daughters:[2]

William, who succeeded his father as Baron.
Thomas, who succeeded his brother as Baron.
Margaret, who married Sir Edward de Bohun.
Maud, who married John de Welles, 4th Baron Welles.
Elizabeth, who married William la Zouche, 2nd Lord Zouche of Haryngworth, a descendant of Breton nobility.

Maud survived her husband by many years and was one of the very few English people present at the Jubilee, at Rome, in 1350; the king had tried to prevent the attendance of his subjects at this ceremony on account of the large sums of money usually taken out of the kingdom on such occasions.

*

Biography

more...

Residing in Wark Castle in August 1310. He was summoned for service in Scotland 1316-19, 1322, 1323, 1327, and 1335, and to Parliament 20 November 1317 to 21 Feb 1339/40. Received the surrender of Knaresborough, as a joint commander in January 1317/18, and remained loyal during the Earl of Lancaster's rebellion in 1321-22. Summoned for service in Gascony in December of 1324. He was appointed, by Prince Edward's government, Sheriff of Yorkshire (Nov 1326) and was a member of the Council of Regency in February 1326/27. In November 1327, he served as a commissioner to negotiate with the Scots for peace, as well as a similar role with France in February 1329/30. In 1334, he entertained the King at Helmsley, and during the King's absence in Flanders, he was one of the commissioners to preserve the peace in that country. He took part in the defense of Newcastle against the Scots. Buried at Kirkham in Lancashire.

Children

They had two sons, William, Knt. [3rd Lord Roos of Helmsley] and Thomas, Knt. [4th Lord Roos of Helmsley], and three daughters, Margaret, Maud, and Elizabeth. (Ref: Magna Carta Ancestry)

William de Ros, 3rd Baron de Ros

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

William de Ros, 3rd Baron de Ros (died February 16, 1342) was the son of William de Ros, 2nd Baron de Ros.

As 3rd Baron de Ros of Hamlake, Werke, Trusbut & Belvoir, he was summoned to Parliament during the reigns of Edward II and Edward III of England. In 1321 he completed the religious foundation which his father had begun at Blakeney. He was created Lord Ross of Werke. He was appointed Lord High Admiral and was one of the commissioners with the Archbishop of York, and others, to negotiate peace between the king and Robert de Bruce, who had assumed the title of king of Scotland.
He married Margery De Badlesmere (1306-1363), the eldest sister and co-heir of Giles de Badlesmere, 2nd Baron Badlesmere of Leeds Castle, county of Kent. She survived her husband by many years and was one of the very few English people present at the Jubilee, at Rome, in 1350; the king had tried to prevent the attendance of his subjects at this ceremony on account of the large sums of money usually taken out of the kingdom on such occasions.

Their children were:

* William de Ros, 4th Baron de Ros
* Thomas de Ros, 5th Baron de Ros
* Sir John De Ros
* Margaret de Ros
* Matilda de Ros

William de Ros was buried at Kirkham Priory, near the great altar.

*

more...

Baron de Ros (pronounced "Roose") is one of the most ancient baronial titles in the Peerage of England . (The spelling of the title and of the surname of the original holders has been rendered differently in various texts. The word "Ros" is sometimes spelt "Roos", and the word "de" is sometimes dropped.)


Barons de Ros of Helmsley (1264)[edit]
William de Ros, 1st Baron de Ros (d. 1317)
William de Ros, 2nd Baron de Ros (d. 1343)
William de Ros, 3rd Baron de Ros (c. 1326–1352)
Thomas de Ros, 4th Baron de Ros (1336–1384)
John de Ros, 5th Baron de Ros (c. 1360–1394)
William de Ros, 6th Baron de Ros (c. 1369–1414)
John de Ros, 7th Baron de Ros (d. 1421)
Thomas de Ros, 8th Baron de Ros (c. 1405–1431)
Thomas de Ros, 9th Baron de Ros (c. 1427–1464) (forfeit 1464)
Edmund de Ros, 10th Baron de Ros (d. 1508) (restored 1485, barony abeyant in 1508)
George Manners, 11th Baron de Ros (d. 1513) (abeyance terminated about 1512)
Thomas Manners, 1st Earl of Rutland, 12th Baron de Ros (d. 1543)
Henry Manners, 2nd Earl of Rutland, 13th Baron de Ros (1526–1563)
Edward Manners, 3rd Earl of Rutland, 14th Baron de Ros (1549–1587)
Elizabeth Cecil, 16th Baroness de Ros (c. 1572–1591)
William Cecil, 17th Baron de Ros (1590–1618)
Francis Manners, 6th Earl of Rutland, 18th Baron de Ros (1578–1632)
Katherine Villiers, Duchess of Buckingham, 19th Baroness de Ros (d. 1649)
George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, 20th Baron de Ros (1628–1687) (barony abeyant 1687)
Charlotte FitzGerald-de Ros, 21st Baroness de Ros (1769–1831) (abeyance terminated 1806)
Henry William FitzGerald-de Ros, 22nd Baron de Ros (1793–1839)
William Lennox Lascelles FitzGerald-de Ros, 23rd Baron de Ros (1797–1874)
Dudley Charles FitzGerald-de Ros, 24th Baron de Ros (1827–1907)
Mary Dawson, Countess of Dartrey, 25th Baroness de Ros (1854–1939) (abeyant 1939)
Una Mary Ross, 26th Baroness de Ros (1879–1956) (abeyance terminated 1943; abeyant 1956)
Georgiana Angela Maxwell, 27th Baroness de Ros (1933–1983) (abeyance terminated 1958)
Peter Trevor Maxwell, 28th Baron de Ros (b. 1958)
The heir apparent is the present holder's son Hon. Finbar James Maxwell (b. 1988).

Footnotes

Jump up ^ Debrett's Peerage, 1968, p.347
Jump up ^ The British herald; or, Cabinet of armorial bearings of the nobility & gentry of Great Britain & Ireland, from the earliest to the present time: with a complete glossary of heraldic terms: to which is prefixed a History of heraldry, collected and arranged ...
Jump up ^ Cokayne 1949, p. 95; Richardson III 2011, p. 448.
Jump up ^ Cokayne 1949, p. 95.
Jump up ^ http://www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk/online/content/Ros1299.htm

References

Cokayne, George Edward (1949). The Complete Peerage, edited by Geoffrey H. White XI. London: St. Catherine Press.
Richardson, Douglas (2011). Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, ed. Kimball G. Everingham III (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 144996639X

Birth:
(pronounced "Roose")

Buried:
The ruins of Kirkham Priory are situated on the banks of the River Derwent, at Kirkham, North Yorkshire, England. The Augustinian priory was founded in the 1120s by Walter l'Espec, lord of nearby Helmsley, who also built Rievaulx Abbey ... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirkham_Priory

Images for Kirkham Priory ... https://www.google.com/search?q=Kirkham+Priory&rlz=1C1KMZB_enUS591US591&espv=2&biw=1440&bih=810&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjYj6LQuIzPAhXCJiYKHVRGC3wQsAQIMA

William married Margery de Badlesmere before 25 Nov 1316. Margery (daughter of Sir Bartholomew de Badlesmere, Knight, 1st Baron Badlesmere and Lady Margaret de Clare, Baroness Badlesmere) was born in 0___ 1306 in Badlesmere Manor, Kent, England; died on 18 Oct 1363. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Birth:
Helmsley Castle (also known anciently as Hamlake) is a medieval castle situated in the market town of Helmsley, within the North York Moors National Park, North Yorkshire, England.

Photos, map, history & source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmsley_Castle

More images of Helmsley Castle ... https://www.google.com/search?q=helmsley+castle&espv=2&rlz=1C1KMZB_enUS591US591&biw=1440&bih=815&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi0ivyEiqPLAhWGqB4KHT3nDv0Q7AkIRg&dpr=1

Alice married Sir Nicholas Meynell, II, Knight, Lord Meinill in 1330 in Helmsley, Yorkshire, England. Nicholas (son of Lord Nicholas de Meynell and Lucy de Thwenge) was born after 23 Aug 1301 in Whorlton, Yorkshire, England; died before 20 Nov 1341 in Cleveland, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Geoffrey married Petrolina de Bohun de Ardeme(Wales). Petrolina was born in (Wales). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Born: 1272/3
Died: shortly before 7 March 1312
It is likely that the Braose monument in the church at Tetbury, of which only remnants exist, (right) was Peter's tomb, rather than a memorial to William de Braose who died in 1211 as is suggested in the information available at the church.

Father: William de Braose
Mother: Mary de Ros

Peter was the heir of his brother Richard, and was aged 23 at the inquisition on Richard's death in February 1296.

In December 1307, Peter was made a keeper of the peace in Gloucestershire while the king was overseas.

Peter married Agnes, the widow of Henry Huse, at Tetbury. Licence for the marriage was granted on 6 June 1300. The usually reliable "Plantagenet Ancestry" by Douglas Richardson (p. 551) gives Agnes as the daughter of Roger de Clifford, but this is unfounded speculation prompted by the arms displayed in the window of Wiston church, Sussex. The parentage of Agnes is, as yet, unknown.

Peter and Agnes had (at least) four children.

Thomas de Brewes, (1301 -1361), keeper of the forests South of the Trent

John de Brewes, (died 1342), a knight of John de Warenne, Earl of Surrey

Margaret, married (1) to Henry de Tyeys, (2) to Thomas de Monthermer

Mary, Countess Marshal, married to (1) Ralph de Cobham, (2) Thomas de Brotherton

The arms shown are described as those of Sir Peers Braose of Gloucestershire in the Edward II Roll.

end of biography

Sunday, 12 December, 2004

Dear Douglas,

Many thanks for a very good post. As you know, this had become of interest in the recent past due to the descent (probable but unproven) of the emigrant William Farrar from Margaret's daughter Margaret (de Monthermer) de Montagu.

The events and facts you describe mesh well with what little I know of Piers de Braose or Brewes of Tetbury, co. Gloucs. Piers had a well-known sister Margaret de Braose (1st wife of Sir Ralph de Camoys, 1st Lord Camoys, d. bef Jun 1336), the namesake of her mother, and Piers' grandmother, Margaret ferch Llywelyn (dau., probably illegitimate, of Llywelyn Fawr, prince of Aberffraw, d. 1240). It would be surprising if Piers did NOT have a daughter named Margaret.....

As to the involvement of relations in the family matters of Piers de Braose's children, I find Thomas de Braose (former supporter of the Earl of Lancaster ca. Boroughbridge) being cited at CP II:308, in that

" On 30 October [1322], he was ordered to be delivered to Ralph de Cobham, who had stood bail for him {Calendar of Close Rolls, 1318-1323, pp. 580, 603}. "

Ralph de Cobham was the husband of Thomas' sister Mary de Braose.

This would follow well with Henry le Tyeys having been married to Thomas' alleged sister Margaret, and also with Henry and Thomas having been involved together in the Lancastrian conspiracy of 1321/2.

The heraldic evidence is quite persuasive, given the above. If the maritagium of Margaret could be traced,....

Cheers,

John

- show quoted text -
<<<<<<<<<<<< SNIP>>>>>>>>>>>>

Family/Spouse: Agnes de Clifford. Agnes was born in ~1277; died before 9 Mar 1332. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Christiana Mowbray. Christiana (daughter of Sir John de Mowbray, I, 8th Baron Mowbray and Aline de Braose) was born in ~ 1305 in Kirklington, North Yorkshire, England; died on 25 Dec 1362. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Peter de Middleton. Peter (son of Sir William Scot de Middleton and Agnes Boteler) was born in 1300 in Plumpton, Yorkshire, England; died in 1336 in Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alt Birth: ~ 1290, Kilton Castle, Kilton, North Yorkshire, England

Notes:

Lucy de Thwenge
Birthdate: circa March 24, 1278
Birthplace: Brotton, Yorkshire, , England
Death: Died January 8, 1346 in Guisborough Priory, Yorkshire, , England
Place of Burial: Guisborough, Yorkshire, England
Immediate Family:
Daughter of Marmaduke Thweng, 1st Baron Thweng and Isabel de Thweng
Wife of William (le Latimer) the younger, 2nd Baron Latimer of Corby; Nicholas de Meynell, II and Robert de Lumley
Mother of Joane Boys; Lord William le Latimer; Sir Nicholas de Meynell, Lord; Marmaduke de Lumley; William Lumley and 2 others
Sister of Sir Thomas de Thweng, Knight, Forrester of Wyerdale; Katharine de Thweng; Sir William de Thweng; Sir Robert de Thweng and Margaret de Thweng
Half sister of Walter de Fauconberg and Sir John de Fauconberge
Managed by: Private User
Last Updated: February 20, 2016

About Lucy de Thwenge
Possible birth date is b: 1279 in Kilton Castle, York

She was mistress of Sir Nicholas de Meinell, Lord Meinell, son of Sir Nicholas de Meinell, Lord Meinell, and Christine.
---

Some say she also married Robert de Everingham and had Adam, 1st Baron Everingham:

Robert de Everingham m. Lucia, dau. and heiress of Robert de Thwenge, a great feudal lord, temp. Edward I (the lady had been previously the wife of Sir William Latimer, and divorced) and dying in the 15th Edward I [1287], was s. by his son, Adam. [Sir Bernard Burke, Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages, Burke's Peerage, Ltd., London, 1883, p. 193, Everingham, Barons Everingham]

---

Lucy was 5 months pregnant when she married William Latimer (Ist Lord) in August 1294, so William Latimer, 1st baron and putative grandfather had the child declared illegitimate and induced the king to grant him the lordship and forest of Danby for life.

The paternity of the child was likely to have been that of her cousin Marmaduke Thweng, for a year later Lucy had left Latimer and was living with Marmaduke as his mistress. Latimer obtained a divorce and married Sybil de Fourneaux, by which time Lucy had left Marmaduke and was living with Stephen Meinell and had had a son by him.

---

In 1272 Brotton, Yorks, passed to Lucy wife of Marmaduke de Thweng of Kilton Castle, and afterwards with Danby to their granddaughter Lucy. The manor was settled in 1313 on Lucy and her second husband Robert de Everingham and their issue with remainder to the right heirs of Robert. (fn. 19) After his death in 1316 without issue the manor was settled on Bartholomew de Fanacourt, her third husband, for life with remainder to Adam Lord Everingham of Laxton, brother and heir of Robert, and his son Adam. (fn. 20) Lucy died in January 1346-7 (fn. 21) and Bartholomew in 1352, (fn. 22) when the manor reverted to the younger Adam Lord Everingham.

(VCH)

JUST A NOTE : all the accending Tree information was gathered from the Smith-Goodale-Caldwell family tree on Ancestry.com I have attempted to copy accurately, however I may have made mistakes in transfering, so I would suggest going th that site and checking for yourself. I am only copying the info here, and have done none of the research. Any errors in research belong to the owners of the S-G-C tree.

*

Others cite her husband as Robert de Lumley & Chevington, b. BEF 1290 in West Chevington, Morpeth, Northumberland, England

*

Family/Spouse: Lord Nicholas de Meynell. Nicholas (son of Nicholas Meynell and Christian LNU) was born on 6 Dec 1274 in Whorlton, Yorkshire, England; died on 30 May 1322. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Lucy married Sir William le Latimer, IV, 2nd Baron of Corby before 20 SPR 1295, and was divorced in BY 22 Jul 1312. William was born in ~1276 in Danby Manor, Scampston, North Yorkshire, England; died on 27 Feb 1327 in Corby, Kettering, Northamptonshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Lucy married Sir Robert de Everingham before 29 Jan 1313. Robert was born in ~ 1281 in Sherburn, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sir Bartholomew de Fanacourt. Bartholomew was born in ~ 1279. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Henry SCROPE (1° B. Scrope of Masham)

Born: 29 Sep 1312, Masham, Yorkshire, England

Died: 31 Jul 1391, Ghent

Buried: Coverham Abbey, Coverham, Yorkshire, England

Father: Geoffrey SCROPE of Masham (Sir Knight)

Mother: Ivetta De ROS

Married 1: Blanche De NORWICH ABT 1336, Masham, Yorkshire, England

Children:

1. Geoffrey SCROPE

2. Stephen SCROPE (2° B. Scrope of Masham)

Married 2: Joan (Agnes) ?

Children:

3. Joan SCROPE (B. Fitzhugh of Ravensworth)

4. Isabella SCROPE

5. Henry SCROPE

6. John SCROPE (Sir)

7. William SCROPE

8. Richard SCROPE (Archbishop of York)

Henry married Blanche de Norwich in ~ 1336 in Masham, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Joan LNU. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Biography

Stephen le Scrope, Knt. of Thornton, Stertwhayt, and Danby super Yore, Yorkshire[1]

Family

Parents: Geoffrey and Ivette (de Roos) le Scrope[1]
Born: 1321 (age 40 in 1361), Masham, Yorkshire[citation needed]; fourth son[1]
Wife: Isabel ______, presumably widow of Humphrey Stordey.[1]
Child: Stephen and Isabel had one daughter Joan, sole heiress, who married (1) William Pert and (2) Sir Roger de Swillington.[1]
Life and Death

Sir Stephen "fought at the Battle of Crâecy in 1346 and also at the siege of Calais from September 1346 to August 1347. In 1356 he served at the recapture of Berwick In 1359, he accompanied the king into France."[1]
Died: Both Stephen and his wife Isabel were living August 11, 1359.[1]
Magna Carta Connections

Descendant of Magna Carta surety baron Robert de Roos, Sir Stephen le Scrope and his wife Isabel are the ancestors of William Asfordby, George & Nehemiah Blakiston, Joseph Bolles, George & Robert Brent, Henry Corbin, Elizabeth & John Harleston, Henry Isham, Anne Mauleverer, Robert Peyton, George Reade, Richard Saltonstall, Diana and Grey Skipwith (Magna Carta Gateway Ancestors).[2]
Sources

? 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham, (Salt Lake City, Utah: the author, 2013), Vol. III, p 312 HOPTON #9 Stephen le Scrope; Vol. IV, pp 601-602 SCROPE #8 Ivette de Roos
? Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, Royal Ancestry series, 2nd edition, 4 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham, (Salt Lake City, Utah: the author, 2011), Vol IV, p 7 SCROPE #4ii Stephen le Scrope, Knt.
Sir Stephen le Scrope, "Our Royal, Titled, Noble, and Commoner Ancestors and Cousins" (website, compiled by Mr. Marlyn Lewis, Portland, OR; accessed October 1, 2015)
Not shown by MedLands (#MedLands)
Background: Martini, S. (1328). The Knight of Sienna. Accessed: 15 Mar 2015. Digital image. Retrieved from Flemish Tapestry Wall Hangings (jpg) - from a fresco by Simone Martini (1284-1334) in the Palazzo Publico in Sienna. First equestrian portrait in Western painting; is of Captain Guido Riccio de Fogliani.

end of biography

Family/Spouse: Isabel LNU. Isabel died after 1359. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: Lawyer
• Occupation: Prebendary

Notes:

Occupation:
A prebendary is a senior member of clergy, normally supported by the revenues from an estate or parish.

The holder of the post is connected to an Anglican or Roman Catholic cathedral or collegiate church. The position is a type of canon who has a role in the administration of a cathedral. A prebend is the form of benefice held by a prebendary: historically, the stipend attached to it was usually drawn from specific sources in the income of a cathedral's estates. When attending cathedral services, prebendaries sit in particular seats, usually at the back of the choir stalls, known as prebendal stalls.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prebendary

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: High Sheriff of Yorkshire

Thomas married Agnes de Holtom in 0___ 1349 in Holderness, Yorkshire, England. Agnes was born in 0___ 1319; died in ~ 1394. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sibyl de Ferrers. Sibyl (daughter of Sir William de Ferrers, III, Knight, 5th Earl of Derby and Sybil Marshal) was born in (Derbyshire, England). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Humphrey married Eleanor de Braose after 1241 in Breconshire, Wales. Eleanor (daughter of Sir William de Braose, Lord of Brycheiniog and Lady Eva Marshal, Countess of Abergavenny) was born in ~ 1228 in Breconshire, Wales; died in 0___ 1251; was buried in Llanthony Priory, Gloucester, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sir Anselm Marshal, 6th Earl of Pembroke. Anselm (son of Baron John FitzGilbert and Sibyl of Salisbury) was born in ~1150 in Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales; died on 22 Dec 1245. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sir Roger de Quincy, Knight, 2nd Earl of Winchester. Roger (son of Sir Saer de Quincy, Knight, 1st Earl of Winchester and Margaret de Beaumont) was born in ~ 1195; died on 25 Apr 1264. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sir Roger de Toeni, V, Lord of Flamstead. Roger (son of Sir Ralph Toeni, VI, Lord of Flamstead and Petronilla Lacy) was born about 29 Sep 1235 in Flamstead, Hertfordshire, England; died before 12 May 1264. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Eleanor married Sir John de Verdun, Baron of Westmeath before 1267. John (son of Sir Theobald le Botiller, 2nd Chief Butler of Ireland and Rohesia de Verdon) was born in ~ 1226 in Cheadle, Staffordshire, England; died before 21 Oct 1274 in Cheadle, Staffordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alt Birth: 3 Feb 1281
• Alt Death: 30 May 1306, Midhurst, Sussex, England

Notes:

James de Bohun1,2,3,4
M, #44243, b. 3 February 1281, d. circa 30 May 1306
Father Sir John de Bohun5,6,2,7,8 b. c 1247, d. 28 Sep 1284
Mother Joan de la Chapelle5,2,7,8 b. Dec 1256, d. c 23 Mar 1328

James de Bohun was born on 3 February 1281 at Ford, Sussex, England.1,2,7,4 He married Joan de Brewes, daughter of Sir William de Brewes, 2nd Lord Brewes, Lord Bramber & Gower and Agnes, circa 1301; They had 1 son (Sir John).1,6,2,7,3,4 James de Bohun died circa 30 May 1306 at of Midhurst, Sussex, England.1,2,7,4

Family

Joan de Brewes b. c 1283, d. bt 8 Dec 1321 - 23 Jun 1324

Child

Sir John Bohun, 1st Lord Bohun+1,2,7,4 b. 14 Nov 1301, d. 5 Dec 1367

Citations

[S11568] The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom, by George Edward Cokayne, Vol. II, p. 200.
[S11569] Europaische Stammtafeln, by Wilhelm Karl, Prinz zu Isenburg, Vol. III, Tafel 688.
[S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. I, p. 534.
[S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. IV, p. 81-82.
[S11568] The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom, by George Edward Cokayne, Vol. II, p. 199-200.
[S11588] Some Early English Pedigrees, by Vernon M. Norr, p. 32.
[S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. I, p. 321.
[S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. IV, p. 81.

*

James married Joan de Braose in 1301 in Gower, Glamorganshire, Wales. Joan (daughter of Sir William de Braose, VII, Knight, 2nd Baron de Braose and Agnes LNU) was born in ~ 1283 in Bramber, West Sussex, England; died in 1321-1324 in Gressenhall, Norfolk, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: Lord High Constable of England
• Military: Battle of Bannockburn, June 1314
• Military: Battle of Boroughbridge

Notes:

Sir Humphrey (VII) de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford (1276 - 16 March 1322) was a member of a powerful Anglo-Norman family of the Welsh Marches and was one of the Ordainers who opposed Edward II's excesses.

Family background

Arms of Bohun: Azure, a bend argent cotised or between six lions rampant or

Counter seal of Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford, showing the so-called "Bohun swan" above the escutcheon
Humphrey de Bohun's birth year is uncertain although several contemporary sources indicate that it was 1276. His father was Humphrey de Bohun, 3rd Earl of Hereford and his mother was Maud de Fiennes, daughter of Enguerrand II de Fiennes, chevalier, seigneur of Fiennes. He was born at Pleshey Castle, Essex.

Humphrey (VII) de Bohun succeeded his father as Earl of Hereford and Earl of Essex, and Constable of England (later called Lord High Constable). Humphrey held the title of Bearer of the Swan Badge, a heraldic device passed down in the Bohun family. This device did not appear on their coat of arms, (az, a bend ar cotised or, between 6 lioncels or) nor their crest (gu, doubled erm, a lion gardant crowned), but it does appear on Humphrey's personal seal (illustration).

Scotland

Humphrey was one of several earls and barons under Edward I who laid siege to Caerlaverock Castle in Scotland in 1300 and later took part in many campaigns in Scotland. He also loved tourneying and gained a reputation as an "elegant" fop. In one of the campaigns in Scotland Humphrey evidently grew bored and departed for England to take part in a tournament along with Piers Gaveston and other young barons and knights. On return all of them fell under Edward I's wrath for desertion, but were forgiven. It is probable that Gaveston's friend, Edward (the future Edward II) had given them permission to depart. Later Humphrey became one of Gaveston's and Edward II's bitterest opponents.

He would also have been associating with young Robert Bruce during the early campaigns in Scotland, since Bruce, like many other Scots and Border men, moved back and forth from English allegiance to Scottish. Robert Bruce, King Robert I of Scotland, is closely connected to the Bohuns. Between the time that he swore his last fealty to Edward I in 1302 and his defection four years later, Bruce stayed for the most part in Annandale, rebuilding his castle of Lochmaben in stone, making use of its natural moat. Rebelling and taking the crown of Scotland in February 1306, Bruce was forced to fight a war against England which went poorly for him at first, while Edward I still lived. After nearly all his family were killed or captured he had to flee to the isle of Rathlin, Ireland. His properties in England and Scotland were confiscated.

Humphrey de Bohun received many of Robert Bruce's forfeited properties. It is unknown whether Humphrey was a long-time friend or enemy of Robert Bruce, but they were nearly the same age and the lands of the two families in Essex and Middlesex lay very close to each other. After Bruce's self-exile, Humphrey took Lochmaben, and Edward I awarded him Annandale and the castle. During this period of chaos, when Bruce's queen, Elizabeth de Burgh, daughter of the Earl of Ulster, was captured by Edward I and taken prisoner, Hereford and his wife Elizabeth became her custodians. She was exchanged for Humphrey after Bannockburn in 1314. Lochmaben was from time to time retaken by the Scots but remained in the Bohun family for many years, in the hands of Humphrey's son William, Earl of Northampton, who held and defended it until his death in 1360.

Battle of Bannockburn

At the Battle of Bannockburn (23-24 June 1314), Humphrey de Bohun should have been given command of the army because that was his responsibility as Constable of England. However, since the execution of Piers Gaveston in 1312 Humphrey had been out of favour with Edward II, who gave the Constableship for the 1314 campaign to the youthful and inexperienced Earl of Gloucester, Gilbert de Clare. Nevertheless, on the first day, de Bohun insisted on being one of the first to lead the cavalry charge. In the melee and cavalry rout between the Bannock Burn and the Scots' camp he was not injured although his rash young cousin Henry de Bohun, who could have been no older than about 22, charged alone at Robert Bruce and was killed by Bruce's axe.

On the second day Gloucester was killed at the start of battle. Hereford fought throughout the day, leading a large company of Welsh and English knights and archers. The archers might have had success at breaking up the Scots schiltrons until they were overrun by the Scots cavalry. When the battle was lost Bohun retreated with the Earl of Angus and several other barons, knights and men to Bothwell Castle, seeking a safe haven. However, all the refugees who entered the castle were taken prisoner by its formerly pro-English governor Walter fitz Gilbert who, like many Lowland knights, declared for Bruce as soon as word came of the Scottish King's victory. Humphrey de Bohun was ransomed by Edward II, his brother-in-law, on the pleading of his wife Isabella. This was one of the most interesting ransoms in English history. The Earl was traded for Bruce's queen, Elizabeth de Burgh and daughter, Marjorie Bruce, two bishops amongst other important Scots captives in England. Isabella MacDuff, Countess of Buchan, who had crowned Robert Bruce in 1306 and for years had been locked in a cage outside Berwick, was not included; presumably she had died in captivity.[1]

Ordainer

Like his father, grandfather, and great-great-grandfather, this Humphrey de Bohun was careful to insist that the king obey Magna Carta and other baronially-established safeguards against monarchic tyranny. He was a leader of the reform movements that promulgated the Ordinances of 1311 and fought to insure their execution.

The subsequent revival of royal authority and the growing ascendancy of the Despensers (Hugh the elder and younger) led de Bohun and other barons to rebel against the king again in 1322. De Bohun had special reason for opposing the Despensers, for he had lost some of his estates in the Welsh Marches to their rapacity and he felt they had besmirched his honour. In 1316 De Bohun had been ordered to lead the suppression of the revolt of Llywelyn Bren in Glamorgan which he did successfully. When Llewelyn surrendered to him the Earl promised to intercede for him and fought to have him pardoned. Instead Hugh the younger Despenser had Llewelyn executed without a proper trial. Hereford and the other marcher lords used Llywelyn Bren's death as a symbol of Despenser tyranny.

Death at Boroughbridge

Main article: Battle of Boroughbridge
The rebel forces were halted by loyalist troops at the wooden bridge at Boroughbridge, Yorkshire, where Humphrey de Bohun, leading an attempt to storm the bridge, met his death on 16 March 1322.

Although the details have been called into question by a few historians, his death may have been particularly gory. As recounted by Ian Mortimer:[2]

"[The 4th Earl of] Hereford led the fight on the bridge, but he and his men were caught in the arrow fire. Then one of de Harclay's pikemen, concealed beneath the bridge, thrust upwards between the planks and skewered the Earl of Hereford through the anus, twisting the head of the iron pike into his intestines. His dying screams turned the advance into a panic."'
Humphrey de Bohun may have contributed to the failure of the reformers' aims. There is evidence that he suffered for some years, especially after his countess's death in 1316, from clinical depression.[3]

Marriage and children

His marriage to Elizabeth of Rhuddlan (Elizabeth Plantagenet), daughter of King Edward I of England and his first wife, Eleanor of Castile, on 14 November 1302, at Westminster gained him the lands of Berkshire.

Elizabeth had an unknown number of children, probably ten, by Humphrey de Bohun.

Until the earl's death the boys of the family, and possibly the girls, were given a classical education under the tutelage of a Sicilian Greek, Master "Digines" (Diogenes), who may have been Humphrey de Bohun's boyhood tutor.[citation needed] He was evidently well-educated, a book collector and scholar, interests his son Humphrey and daughter Margaret (Courtenay) inherited.

Mary or Margaret (the first-born Margaret) and the first-born Humphrey were lost in infancy and are buried in the same sarcophagus in Westminster Abbey. Since fraternal twins were known in the Castilian royal family of Elizabeth Bohun, who gave birth to a pair who lived to manhood, Mary (Margaret?) and Humphrey, see next names, may have been twins, but that is uncertain. The name of a possible lost third child, if any, is unknown—and unlikely.

Hugh de Bohun? This name appears only in one medieval source, which gives Bohun names (see Flores Historiarum) and was a probably a copyist's error for "Humphrey". Hugh was never used by the main branch of the Bohuns in England.[4] Date unknown, but after 1302, since she and Humphrey did not marry until late in 1302.

Eleanor de Bohun (17 October 1304 – 1363),[5] married James Butler, 1st Earl of Ormonde and Thomas Dagworth, 1st Baron Dagworth.

Humphrey de Bohun (birth and death dates unknown. Buried in Westminster Abbey with Mary or Margaret) Infant.

Mary or Margaret de Bohun (birth and death dates unknown. Buried in Westminster Abbey with Humphrey) Infant.

John de Bohun, 5th Earl of Hereford (About 1307 – 1336)

Humphrey de Bohun, 6th Earl of Hereford (About 1309 to 1311 – 1361).

Margaret de Bohun (3 April 1311 – 16 December 1391), married Hugh Courtenay, 2nd Earl of Devon. Gave birth to about 16 to 18 children (including an Archbishop, a sea commander and pirate, and more than one Knight of the Garter) and died at the age of eighty.

William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton (About 1310-1312 –1360). Twin of Edward. Married Elizabeth de Badlesmere, daughter of Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Baron Badlesmere and Margaret de Clare, by whom he had issue.

Edward de Bohun (About 1310-1312 –1334). Twin of William. Married Margaret, daughter of William de Ros, 2nd Baron de Ros, but they had no children. He served in his ailing elder brother's stead as Constable of England. He was a close friend of young Edward III, and died a heroic death attempting to rescue a drowning man-at-arms from a Scottish river while on campaign.

Eneas de Bohun, (Birth date unknown, died after 1322, when he's mentioned in his father's will). Nothing known of him.

Isabel de Bohun (b. ? May 1316). Elizabeth died in childbirth, and this child died on that day or very soon after. Buried with her mother in Waltham Abbey, Essex.

Notes

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2012)
Jump up ^ Ronald McNair Scott, Robert the Bruce - King of Scots, Canongate, 1988; pp. 75-76 and 164.
Jump up ^ Mortimer, The Greatest Traitor, page 124.
Jump up ^ See Conway-Davies, 115, footnote 2, from a contemporary chronicler's account of Humphrey de Bohun, Cotton MS. Nero C. iii, f. 181, "De ce qe vous auez entendu qe le counte de Hereford est moreis pensifs qil ne soleit." "There were some. . . [fine] qualities about the earl of Hereford, and he was certainly a bold and able warrior, though gloomy and thoughtful."
Jump up ^ Le Melletier, 16-17, 38-45, 138, in his comprehensive research into this family, cites no one named Hugh Bohun.
Jump up ^ See Cokayne, Complete Peerage, s.v. "Dagworth" p. 28, footnote j.: "She was younger than her sister, Margaret, Countess of Devon (Parl. Rolls. vol. iv., p. 268), not older, as stated by genealogists."
References[edit]
Cokayne, G. (ed. by V. Gibbs). Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom (Vols II, IV, V, VI, IX: Bohun, Dagworth, Essex, Hereford, Earls of, Montague), London: 1887–1896.
Conway-Davies, J. C. The Baronial Opposition to Edward II: Its Character and Policy. (Many references, esp. 42 footnote 1, 114, 115 & footnote 2, 355-367, 426–9, 435–9, 473–525) Cambridge(UK): 1918.
Le Melletier, Jean, Les Seigneurs de Bohun, 1978, p. 16, 39–40.
Mortimer, Ian. The Greatest Traitor: The Life of Sir Roger Mortimer, Ruler of England 1327–1330 (100–9, 114, 122–6), London: 2003
Scott, Ronald McNair. Robert the Bruce: King of Scots (144–164) NY: 1989
Further reading[edit]
Wikisource has the text of the 1885–1900 Dictionary of National Biography's article about Bohun, Humphrey VIII de.

Secondary sources

Altschul, Michael. A Baronial Family in Medieval England: The Clares 1217–1314. (132–3, ) Baltimore:1965.
Barron, Evan MacLeod. The Scottish War of Independence. (443, 455) Edinburgh, London:1914, NY:1997 (reprint).
Barrow, G. W. S. Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland. (222, 290, 295–6, 343–4) Berkeley, Los Angeles:1965.
Beltz, George Frederick. Memorials of the Order of the Garter. (148–150) London:1841.
Bigelow, M[elville] M. "The Bohun Wills" I. American Historical Review (v.I, 1896). 415–41.
Dictionary of National Biography. [Vol II: Bohun; Vol. VI: Edward I, Edward II; Vol. XI: Lancaster]. London and Westminster. Various dates.
Eales, Richard and Shaun Tyas, eds., Family and Dynasty in Late Medieval England, Shaun Tyas, Donington:2003, p. 152.
Fryde, E. B. and Edward Miller. Historical Studies of the English Parliament vol. 1, Origins to 1399, (10–13, 186, 285–90, 296) Cambridge (Eng.): 1970.
Hamilton, J. S. Piers Gaveston Earl of Cornwall 1307-1312: Politics and Patronage in the Reign of Edward II (69, 72, 95–98, 104–5) Detroit: 1988
Hutchison, Harold F. Edward II. (64–86, 104–5, 112–3) London: 1971.
Jenkins, Dafydd. "Law and Government in Wales Before the Act of Union". Celtic Law Papers (37–38) Aberystwyth:1971.
McNamee, Colin. The Wars of the Bruces. (51, 62–66) East Linton (Scotland):1997.
Tout, T. F. and Hilda Johnstone. The Place of the Reign of Edward II in English History. (86, 105–6, 125 & footnote 3, 128–34) Manchester: 1936.
Primary sources[edit]
Flores historiarum. H. R. Luard, ed. (vol. iii, 121) London: 1890.
Vita Edwardi Secundi. (117–119) N. Denholm-Young, Ed. and Tr.
External links[edit]

Birth:
Pleshey Castle was originally a motte and bailey castle, which consisted of a wooden palisade and tower on a high man-made hill (motte) surrounded by two baileys (castle yard or ward), which at some time in the castle's early history was surrounded by a moat. Later, probably in the 12th century, the motte was fortified with a stone castle. The motte at Pleshey is now about 15 metres high, and is one of the largest mottes in England.[citation needed] The castle was dismantled in 1158 but was subsequently rebuilt at the end of the 12th century.[citation needed] The castle was passed to the Dukes of Gloucester through marriage and after Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester had been executed by Richard II in 1397, it decayed and became ruined. Most of the masonry was dismantled for building material in 1629, leaving just the motte and other earthworks.[citation needed]

Map and more history ... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleshey

Occupation:
The Lord High Constable of England is the seventh of the Great Officers of State, ranking beneath the Lord Great Chamberlain and above the Earl Marshal. His office is now called out of abeyance only for coronations. The Lord High Constable was originally the commander of the royal armies and the Master of the Horse. He was also, in conjunction with the Earl Marshal, president of the Court of Chivalry or Court of Honour. In feudal times, martial law was administered in the court of the Lord High Constable.

The constableship was granted as a grand serjeanty with the Earldom of Hereford by the Empress Matilda to Miles of Gloucester, and was carried by his heiress to the Bohuns, Earls of Hereford and Essex. They had a surviving male heir, and still have heirs male, but due to the power of the monarchy the constableship was irregularly given to the Staffords, Dukes of Buckingham; and on the attainder of Edward Stafford, the third Duke, in the reign of King Henry VIII, it became merged into the Crown. Since that point it has not existed as a separate office, except as a temporary appointment for the Coronation of a monarch; in other circumstances the Earl Marshal exercises the traditional duties of the office.

more ... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord_High_Constable_of_England

Military:
The Battle of Bannockburn (Bláar Allt nam Báanag, often mistakenly called Bláar Allt a' Bhonnaich in Scottish Gaelic) (24 June 1314) was a significant Scottish victory in the First War of Scottish Independence, and a landmark in Scottish history.

Stirling Castle, a Scots royal fortress, occupied by the English, was under siege by the Scottish army. The English king, Edward II, assembled a formidable force to relieve it. This attempt failed, and his army was defeated in a pitched battle by a smaller army commanded by the King of Scots, Robert the Bruce.

More ... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Bannockburn

Military:
The Battle of Boroughbridge was a battle fought on 16 March 1322 between a group of rebellious barons and King Edward II of England, near Boroughbridge, north-west of York. The culmination of a long period of antagonism between the King and Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, his most powerful subject, it resulted in Lancaster's defeat and execution. This allowed Edward to re-establish royal authority, and hold on to power for another five years.

Not in itself a part of the Wars of Scottish Independence, the battle is significant for its employment of tactics learned in the Scottish wars in a domestic, English conflict. Both the extensive use of foot soldiers rather than cavalry, and the heavy impact caused by the longbow, represented significant steps in military developments.

More ... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Boroughbridge

Humphrey married Lady Elizabeth Plantagenet, Princess of England on 14 Nov 1302 in Westminster Abbey, 20 Deans Yd, London SW1P 3PA, United Kingdom. Elizabeth (daughter of Edward I, King of England and Eleanor de Castile, Queen of England) was born on 7 Aug 1282 in Rhuddlan Castle, Denbighshire, Wales; died on 5 May 1316 in Quendon, Essex, England; was buried on 23 May 1316 in Waltham Abbey, Essex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

John de Ferrers, 1st Baron Ferrers of Chartley (1271, Cardiff – c. 1324, Gascony) was the son of Robert de Ferrers, 6th Earl of Derby and Alianore de Bohun, daughter of Humphrey de Bohun and Eleanor de Braose, and granddaughter of Humphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford.

In 1264 John, without any true inheritance other than the turbulent spirit of his father, joined the Earl of Hertford and other rebellious Barons in opposing the collection of subsidies granted by the parliament then held at St Edmundsbury, to the crown.

The ferment was allayed by the King's confirming Magna Carta, and their charter of the forests; and by declaring that in future, no tax should be imposed upon the subject without the consent of Parliament, at the same time granting a pardon to the discontented lords and their adherents, in which pardon John de Ferrers is especially named.

Soon after this he petitioned Pope Nicholas III, to interfere to procure him the lands of his late father which he had conferred upon Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, but his suit was ineffectual.

In 1273, he was again involved in the wars against Scotland and subsequently in 1288 he was constituted Seneschal of Aquitaine by Edward II.

John was subsequently involved the Scottish wars which led to his summoning to parliament as Baron Ferrers of Chartley, in the county of Stafford on 6 February 1299 (a seat which came into the family of Ferrers by the marriage of William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby, with Agnes, sister and co-heir of Ranulph, Earl of Chester.)

Family

Sometime before 1300, Sir John married Hawise (Hawyse) de Muscegros. Hawise was born on 21 December 1276, a daughter of Robert de Muscegros. She was also a granddaughter of William Malet (Magna Carta baron) and heiress, and niece, of Cecilla de Muscegros, by whom he acquired a great increase in fortune. She died about June 1340.

The couple had one son Robert who was born in 1309 in Staffordshire and became Robert de Ferrers, 2nd Baron Ferrers of Chartley upon his father's death.

Death

He died in 1324 in Gascony, apparently as a result of poisoning, and was succeeded by his son Robert.

References

Jones, M.,(2004) Ferrers, Robert de, first Earl Ferrers (d. 1139), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press[ accessed 28 Oct 2007]
Bland, W., 1887 Duffield Castle: A lecture at the Temperance Hall, Wirksworth, Derbyshire Advertiser
Loyd, Lewis, 1951 "The Origins of Some Anglo Norman Families," Harleian Society [1]

*

Died:
... apparently as a result of poisoning ...

John married Hawise de Muscegros before 1300. Hawise was born on 21 Dec 1276; died in ~ 1340. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Eleanor married Sir Robert FitzWalter, 1st Baron FitzWalter before 1291 in King's Chapel, Westminster, London, Middlesex, England. Robert (son of Sir Walter FitzRobert, Knight and Lady Ida Longespee, II) was born in 0___ 1247 in Henham, Essex, England; died on 18 Jan 1326. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: Justiciar of Ireland

Notes:

Name: Theobald 2nd Baron de VERDUN , MP, Sir 1 2 3 4
Sex: M
ALIA: Theobald de /Verdon/
Birth: 8 SEP 1278 in Alton Castle, Cheadle, Staffordshire, England 5 2 4
Death: 27 JUL 1316 6 2
Note:
Sir Theobald de Verdon, Knight, b. 8 Sep 1278, d. Alton 27 July 1316, 2nd Lord Verdun, MP 1299-1314; m. (1) Wigmore 29 July 1302 Maud de Mortimer, d. 17 or 18 Sep 1312, daughter of Sir Edmund de Mortimer (147-4) and Margaret de Fiennes; m. (2) near Boston 4 Feb 1315/6 Elizabeth de Clare, b. Tewkesbury 16 Sep 1295, d. 4 Nov 1360, daughter of Sir Gilbert de Clare (28-4) and Joan Plantagenet, daughter of Edward I, King of England and Eleanor of Castile. [Magna Charta Sureties]

-------------------------------

Justiciar of Ireland. [Ancestral Roots]

-------------------------------

BARONY OF VERDUN (II)

THEODALD (DE VERDUN), 2nd but 1st surviving son and heir, was born 8 September 1278.

On the death of his brother John he was ordered by the King, 14 July 1297, to serve overseas in his place; and he was frequently summoned against the Scots till 1316; knighted by the King in Northumberland, 24 June 1298, and fought in the 2nd line at the battle of Falkirk, 22 July following.

He was summoned v.p. to Parliament from 29 December 1299 to 16 October 1315, by writs directed (till his father's death) Theobaldo de Verdun junior, whereby he also is held to have become LORD VERDUN. He had seisin of his lands, 28 September 1309; and was Justiciar of Ireland, 30 April 1313-January 1314/5.

He married, 1stly, 29 July 1302, at Wigmore, co. Hereford, Maud, daughter of Edmund (DE MORTIMER), LORD MORTIMER, by Margaret, daughter of Sir William DE FENLES. She died 17 or 18 September 1312 at Alton, after childbirth, and was buried 9 October in Croxden Abbey.

He married, 2ndly, 4 February 1315/6, near Bristol (against the King's will and without his licence), Elizabeth, widow of John DE BURGH (who died v.p. 18 June 1313; 2nd but 1st surviving son and heir apparent of Richard, 2nd EARL OF ULSTER [IRL],

3rd and youngest sister of the whole blood and coheir of Gilbert (DE CLARE), 7th EARL OF GLOUCESTER AND HERTFORD, daughter of Gilbert, 6th EARL OF GLOUCESTER AND HERTFORD, by his 2nd wife, Joan, "of Acre," daughter of EDWARD I.

He died s.p.m. 27 July 1316 at Alton, aged 37, and was buried 19 September in Croxden Abbey. His widow, who had received the Honor of Clare in her purparty of her brother's estates, married, 3rdly, shortly before 3 May 1317, Roger (DAMORY), 1st LORD DAMORY, who died s.p.m. 13 or 14 March 1321/2.

She, who was born 16 September 1295 at Tewkesbury, died 4 November 1360, aged 65. M.I. to her and her 3rd husband in St. Mary's, Ware.

Will, desiring burial in the Convent of the Minoresses without Aldgate, London, dated at Clare, 25 September 1355, proved 3 December 1360.

On Theobald's death the two Baronies of Verdun, supposed to have been created by the writs of 1295 (or 1290 and 1299, fell into abeyance, according to modern doctrine, among his 3 daughters and co-heirs, by his 1st wife, Joan, Elizabeth and Margery, and his posthumous daughter and coheir, by his 2nd wife, Isabel. [Complete Peerage XII/2:250-1, (transcribed by Dave Utzinger)]

(i) Joan, born 9 or 11 August 1303 at Wootton in Stanton Lacy, Salop, and baptised in the church of Onibury, in that co., married, 1stly, 28 April 1317, in the King's Chapel in Windsor Park, John de Montagu (1st son and heir apparent of William, 2nd Lord Montagu), who died s.p. and v.p., being buried 14 August 1317 in Lincoln Cathedral. She married, 2ndly, 24 February 1317/8, Thomas (de Furnivalle), Lord Furnivalle, who died 5, 7 or 14 October 1339. She died 2 October 1334 at Alton, aged 31, and was buried 7 or 8 January 1334/5 in Croxden Abbey. See FURNIVALLE. Her representatives are (1956) Lord Mowbray, Segrave and Stourton and Baroness Furnivall.

[ii) Elizabeth, born circa 1306, married, before 11 June 1320, Bartholomew (Burghersh), Lord Burghersh, who died 3 August 1355. She died 1 May 1360. Her senior representative is (1956) Viscount Falmouth, the others being the descendants of Anne, suo jure Countess of Warwick, wife of Richard (Neville), Earl of Salisbury and Warwick, the "Kingmaker."

(iii) Margery, born and baptised 10 August 1310 at Alton, married, 1stly, before 20 February 1326/7, William (le Blount), Lord Blount, who died s.p. shortly before 3 October 1337. She married, 2ndly, before 18 October 1339, Sir Mark Husee (son and heir apparent of Henry, 2nd Lord Husee), who died v.p. shortly before 10 February 1345/6. She married, 3rdly, before 10 September 1355, as his 1st wife, Sir John de Crophull, of Bonnington, Notts, who died 3 July 1383. She died before him in or before 1377. Her representatives would appear to be those of Thomas Husee, her descendant by her 2nd marriage, living 1478.


Father: Theobald 1st Baron de VERDUN , Sir b: ABT 1248 in Alton Castle, Cheadle, Staffordshire, England
Mother: Margery (Margaret) de BOHUN , Heiress of Bisley b: ABT 1252 in Bisley, Stroud, Gloucestershire, England

Marriage 1 Maud de MORTIMER b: ABT 1285 in Wigmore, Ludlow, Herefordshire, England
Married: 29 JUL 1302 in Wigmore, Herefordshire, England 2
Married: 9 JUL 1302 in Wigmore, Herefordshire, England 7
Children
Has Children Joan de VERDUN , Heiress of Alton b: BET 9 AND 11 AUG 1303 in Wootton, Stanton Lacy, Shropshire, England
Has Children Elizabeth de VERDUN b: ABT 1306 in Alton Castle, Cheadle, Staffordshire, England
Has Children Margery de VERDUN , Heiress of Weobley b: 10 AUG 1310 in Alton Castle, Cheadle, Staffordshire, England

Marriage 2 Elizabeth de CLARE b: 14 SEP 1295 in Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England
Married: 4 FEB 1315/16 in 2nd husband, 2nd wife 8
Children
Has Children Isabel de VERDUN b: 21 MAR 1316/17 in Amesbury, Wiltshire, England

*

Theobald married Maud de Mortimer on 29 Jul 1302 in Wigmore, Herefordshire, England. Maud (daughter of Sir Edmund Mortimer, Knight, 2nd Baron Mortimer and Margaret Eleanor de Fiennes, Baroness Mortimer) was born in ~1286 in Wigmore, Herefordshire, England; died on 18 Sep 1312 in Alton Castle, Cheadle, Staffordshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Theobald married Elizabeth de Clare on 4 Feb 1315. Elizabeth (daughter of Sir Gilbert de Clare, Knight, Earl of Hertford and Lady Joan (Plantagenet) of Acre) was born on 14 Sep 1295 in Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Katherine Bures. Katherine was born in ~1316 in Sudbury, Suffolk, England; died after Oct 1355. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alt Birth: Denbigh, Denbighshire, Wales

Notes:

Father Sir John Hastings, 2nd Baron Hastings, Baron Abergavenny, Seneschal of Aquitaine2,3,11,12,6,13,8,9 b. 6 May 1262, d. 10 Feb 1313
Mother Isabel de Valence2,3,11,12,6,13 d. 5 Oct 1305

Elizabeth de Hastings married Sir Roger de Grey, 1st Lord Grey of Ruthyn, son of Sir John de Grey, 2nd Baron Grey of Wilton, Justiciar of North Wales and Maud de Verdun; They had 2 sons (Sir John; & Sir Reynold, 2nd Lord Grey of Ruthin) and 4 daughters (Juliane, wife of Sir John Talbot; Mary, wife of Sir John de Burgh; Joan, wife of Sir William de Pateshulle; & Maud, wife of William de la Roche).2,14,3,4,5,12,6,7,8,9,10

Family

Sir Roger de Grey, 1st Lord Grey of Ruthyn d. 6 Mar 1353

Children

Mary Grey2
Sir John de Grey3,6 d. b 4 May 1350
Joan de Grey2,6,8
Maud de Grey+2
Juliane de Grey+15,2,3,16,6,9 d. 29 Nov 1361 or 1 Dec 1361
Sir Reginald de Grey, 2nd Baron Grey of Ruthyn+3,12,6 b. c 1323, d. 28 Jul 1388

Citations

[S3733] Unknown author, The Complete Peerage, by Cokayne, Vol. VI, p. 153; The Royal Descents of 500 Immigrants, by Gary Boyd Roberts, p. 373; The Ancestry of Dorothea Poyntz, by Ronny O. Bodine, p. 119.
[S5] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, p. 620.
[S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. II, p. 271-272.
[S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. III, p. 329.
[S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. IV, p. 342.
[S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. III, p. 123-124.
[S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. III, p. 257.
[S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. IV, p. 313.
[S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. IV, p. 470.
[S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. V, p. 368.
[S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. III, p. 327-328.
[S6] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry: 2nd Edition, Vol. III, p. 100.
[S4] Douglas Richardson, Royal Ancestry, Vol. III, p. 254-255.
[S5] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, p. 764-765.
[S5] Douglas Richardson, Plantagenet Ancestry, p. 607.
[S16] Douglas Richardson, Magna Carta Ancestry, 2nd Edition, Vol. III, p. 432.

Birth:
Wilton Castle is a 12th-century Norman castle fortification located in southeastern Herefordshire, England on the River Wye adjacent to the town of Ross-on-Wye. The castle is named for the manor associated with it.

Images, map & history of Wilton Castle ... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilton_Castle

Roger married Elizabeth Hastings in ~1314 in Ruthin, Denbighshire, Wales. Elizabeth (daughter of Sir John Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings and Isabel de Valence) was born in 1294 in Abergavenny, Monmouthshire, Wales; died on 6 Mar 1352 in Ruthin, Denbighshire, Wales. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: John Moels. John was born on 3 Jan 1268 in Somerset, England; died on 20 May 1310. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Anne Rockley. Anne was born in 1290 in Leicester, Leicestershire, England; died in 1318. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Eleanor married Sir Thomas de Multon, V, Knight, 1st Baron Multon on 3 Jan 1297 in St. Peter's Priory, Ipswich, Suffolk, England. Thomas was born on 21 Feb 1276 in Edgemont, Cumbria, England; died on 8 Feb 1321 in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Robert the Bruce, I, King of the Scots. Robert (son of Sir Robert the Bruce, Knight, VII, Earl of Carrick and Margery of Carrick) was born on 11 Jul 1274 in Turnberry Castle, Kirkoswald, Ayrshire, Scotland; died on 7 Jun 1329 in Manor of Cardross, Scotland; was buried in Dunfermline Abbey, Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Joan married Sir John Darcy, 1st Baron Darcy, Knight of Knaith on 3 Jul 1329 in Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland. John was born in ~1275 in Knaith, Gainsborough, Lincolnshire DN21, England; died on 30 May 1347 in Knaith, Gainsborough, Lincolnshire DN21, England; was buried in Gisborough Priory, Cleveland, Yorkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sir Maurice FitzThomas FitzGerald, 1st Earl of Desmond. Maurice (son of Sir Thomas FitzGerald, 2nd Baron Desmond and Margaret Berkeley) was born in ~1293 in Desmond Castle, Kinsale, Cork, Cork, Ireland; died on 25 Jan 1356 in Dublin Castle, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Click here for her lineage... http://histfam.familysearch.org/ahnentafel.php?personID=I5397&tree=EuropeRoyalNobleHous&parentset=0&generations=6

Family/Spouse: Sir David Strathbogie, II, 10th Earl of Strathbogie. David (son of Sir John of Strathbogie, 9th Earl of Atholl and Margaret de Mar) was born on ~ 1290 in Chilham, Kent, England; died on 28 Dec 1326 in Kilbaine Forest, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Elizabeth de Comyn (1 November 1299 - 20 November 1372) was a medieval noblewoman and heiress, notable for being kidnapped by the Despenser family towards the end of the reign of King Edward II.

Background

Elizabeth was born to John III Comyn, Lord of Badenoch, also known as the "Red Comyn", a powerful Scottish nobleman related to the Scottish crown, and Joan de Valence, the daughter of the French knight William de Valence, 1st Earl of Pembroke. She was the youngest of three children, with an elder sister, Joan de Comyn, and brother, John de Comyn. Her father was stabbed to death in 1306 by Robert the Bruce and Elizabeth and her siblings were sent south to England for their own safety. Joan married David II Strathbogie, the earl of Atholl, whilst her brother John later died at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314, fighting Robert.

Inheritance and kidnap

In 1324 Elizabeth's uncle on her father's side, Aymer de Valence, the earl of Pembroke, died. Since he had no surviving children, Aymer's considerable lands were then divided amongst his sisters; Isabel de Valence had died in 1305, leaving her share to her son, John Hastings, whilst Elizabeth's mother left lands to her daughters Joan and Elizabeth. Joan inherited the manor and castle of Mitford, the manor of Ponteland, and lands in Little Eland, and the manor of Foston. Elizabeth inherited the powerful fortress of Goodrich Castle and the manor of Painswick.

By the mid-1320s, however, England was in the grip of the oppressive rule of the Marcher lords Hugh le Despenser the older and his son Hugh Despenser the younger, the royal favourites of King Edward II.[1] As part of a "sweeping revenge" on their rivals, especially in the Marches, the Despensers illegally seized a wide range of properties, particularly from vulnerable targets such as widows, or wives whose husbands were out of favour with the king.[2]


Elizabeth de Comyn was held by the Despensers in an attempt to gain ownership of the powerful castle of Goodrich, shown here.
John Hastings was effectively controlled by the Despensers and they ensured that he inherited an unequally large settlement of the Pembroke lands, anticipating that they would be able to marry him into their family and thereby acquire control of the estates themselves.[3] To deal with Elizabeth, however, stronger measures were necessary. Upon her inheritance, Hugh le Despenser the younger promptly kidnapped Elizabeth in London and transported her to Herefordshire to be imprisoned in her own castle at Goodrich.[4] Threatened with death, Elizabeth was finally forced to sign over the castle and other lands to the Despensers in April 1325.[5] She was also forced to sign a debt notice of ¹10,000, a huge sum,[6] which was witnessed by John de Bousser, a corrupt royal justice.[7]

Released, Elizabeth then married the English knight Richard Talbot, the 2nd Baron Talbot. Queen Isabella of France landed in England in late 1326 and deposed both the Despensers and her husband Edward II; Richard promptly seized Goodrich Castle from the Despensers, and Talbot and Elizabeth regained their legal title to the castle the following year.[8] The Despensers were executed by Isabella, who killed Hugh the Younger in a particularly gruesome fashion.

Later years

Elizabeth and Richard did well in the coming years. They had a son, Gilbert, in 1332. Richard progressed at court under Edward III and eventually became a royal steward. After Richard's death in 1356, Elizabeth remarried to Sir John Bromwich. She died in 1372.[9] Elizabeth's heraldic device was three garbs, which she maintained as her own, rather than adopting her husbands'.[10]

Bibliography

Brayley, Edward William and William Tombleson. (1823) A Series of Views of the Most Interesting Remains of Ancient Castles of England and Wales. London: Longman.
Doherty, P.C. (2003) Isabella and the Strange Death of Edward II. London: Robinson.
Hull, Lise and Stephen Whitehorne. (2008) Great Castles of Britain & Ireland. London: New Holland Publishers.
Fryde, Natalie. (2003) The Tyranny and Fall of Edward II 1321-1326. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
McAndrew, Bruce A. (2006) Scotland's historic heraldry. Woodbridge: Boydell Press.
Prestwich, Michael. (2007) Plantagenet England 1225-1360. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Rickard, John. (2002) The Castle Community: the Personnel of English and Welsh Castles, 1272-1422. Woodbridge: Boydell Press.
Underhill, Frances Ann. (1999) For her good estate: the life of Elizabeth de Burgh. London: Palgrave Macmillna.
Weir, Alison. (2006) Queen Isabella: She-Wolf of France, Queen of England. London: Pimlico Books.

References

Jump up ^ Doherty, pp.74-5.
Jump up ^ Weir, p.138.
Jump up ^ Underhill, p.34.
Jump up ^ Hull and Whitehorne, p.37.
Jump up ^ Rickard, p.37; Brayley and Tombleson, p.2.
Jump up ^ Prestwich, p.207.
Jump up ^ Fryde, p.115.
Jump up ^ Rickard, p.242; Hull and Whitehorne, p.37.
Jump up ^ McAndrew, p.158.
Jump up ^ McAndrew, p.158.

Elizabeth married Sir Richard Talbot, 2nd Baron Talbot about 1325 in Wyke, Axminster, Devon, England. Richard (son of Sir Gilbert Talbot, 1st Baron Talbot and Anne le Boteler) was born in 1302-1305 in Wyke, Axminster, Devon, England; died on 23 Oct 1356. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Sir Miles Stapleton of Bedale (or of Cotherstone) KG (1320?-1364) was an English knight, one of the Knights Founder of the Order of the Garter. He was the eldest son of Gilbert de Stapleton, knt. (d. 1321), and the grandson of Miles de Stapleton (d. 1314). His mother was Matilda (b. 1298), also called Agnes, elder daughter and coheiress of Brian FitzAlan, lord of Bedale, Askham Bryan, and Cotherstone. Through his paternal line, he was a great-grandson of Dervorguilla of Galloway, mother of John Balliol, King of Scotland, and a descendant of the Bruces by Laderia, daughter of Peter III de Brus of Skelton and grandmother of Sir Gilbert. Sir Miles Stapleton of Bedale should not be confused with Sir Miles Stapleton of Haddlesey (ca. 1318–1372), occasionally identified as le seigneur.

Only an infant at the death of his father, he was at the Siege of Tournai (1340) with his younger brother Brian Stapleton, and then fought in Brittany during the War of Breton Succession. He was probably at the siege of Calais in 1347. He participated in three tournaments between October 1347 and January 1348, at Bury St Edmunds, Eltham, and Windsor, after which he was described as a knight of the chamber in the Wardrobe accounts.

In October 1351 Stapleton joined the newly knighted William Latimer abroad. In 1354 he participated in an embassy to Pope Innocent VI requesting intervention in the Anglo-French war. Stapleton joined Henry Lancaster's raid across Normandy in 1356 in support of Philippe de Navarre, whom he served in 1358 as a messenger. In June 1361 he received an annuity of 100l. from the exchequer for his ‘unwearied labours and laudable services.’.[1] He may have been the Miles Stapleton who was one of the witnesses to the treaty of Brâetigny in 1360. In March 1361 and August 1362 he served on commissions of peace with the Earl of Suffolk. In January 1363 Stapleton was one of a group of English knights recorded as borrowing money from local merchants at Thorn in Poland, most likely during a Prussian crusade.

He died in December of 1364, possibly, as the family historian conjectures, of wounds received in the battle of Auray (29 September 1364).

Family

He was three times married.

By his first wife he had a son John, who died in 1355.

He married his second wife in 1350. This lady was Joan, daughter and coheiress of Oliver de Ingham in Norfolk, and widow of Roger Lestrange of Nockin. Henceforward Stapleton is as often described as 'of Ingham' as of 'Bedale', and became a considerable proprietor in Norfolk.

Stapleton's eldest son John died before him, and he was succeeded at Ingham as well as Bedale by Miles, his son by the heiress of Ingham.

Their only other issue was a daughter Joan, married to Sir John Plays. Another three generations in the male line succeeded Stapleton and Ingleton, after which the property was divided among coheiresses.

References

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: "Stapleton, Miles de (d.1364) (DNB00)". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.

Caroline Shenton, ‘Stapleton, Sir Miles, of Bedale (1320?–1364)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, OUP, 2004;
Jump up ^ Calendar of the patent rolls preserved in the Public Record Office, 1358–61, 429

end of this biography

Died:
He died in December of 1364, possibly, as the family historian conjectures, of wounds received in the battle of Auray (29 September 1364).

Buried:
Sir Miles Stapleton, whose tomb stands in Ingham’s Holy Trinity church alongside that of his father in law, Sir Oliver de Ingham.

Miles married Lady Joan de Ingham, Baroness Ingham on 30 Nov 1350. Joan (daughter of Sir Oliver de Ingham, Knight, Lord Ingham and Elizabeth la Zouche) was born in ~ 1320 in Ellesmere, Shropshire, England; died on 12 Dec 1365 in Ingham, Norfolkshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: 1296-1306; Guardian of Scotland

Notes:

Red Comyn was the son of John Comyn, ‘the Black Comyn’, one of the claimants for the Scots throne. His mother was Eleanor Balliol so King John Balliol was his uncle. The Comyns sided with the Balliols and became the enemies of the Bruces.

John Comyn married an English noblewoman, Joan de Valence. Her father was an uncle of King Edward I.

When Scotland was plunged into war, Robert the Bruce’s father was constable of Carlisle Castle under Edward I. The Black Comyn and the Comyn Earl of Buchan attacked Carlisle Castle in support of the Scots King Balliol.

Red Comyn was among the Scots captured at the Battle of Dunbar in 1296. He was imprisoned in the Tower of London. After agreeing to fight for Edward in Flanders, Red Comyn deserted and sailed to Scotland. It is said that he led the cavalry at the Battle of Falkirk. The Scots cavalry at Falkirk were vastly outnumbered by English knights and mounted men at arms. They turned and rode away, leaving the Scots foot soldiers to be slaughtered by Edward I’s army.

Red Comyn was made a guardian of Scotland alongside Robert the Bruce, after the resignation of William Wallace and the death of Andrew Moray. In 1299, at a council in Peebles, a fight broke out between Comyn and Bruce - it was reported that Comyn grabbed Bruce by the throat. Within a year Bruce had resigned the guardianship.

When his father, the Black Comyn, died, John Comyn became Lord of Badenoch.

In February 1303, Red Comyn and Sir Simon Fraser defeated three successive English forces at the Battle of Roslin. It is said that Wallace may have fought at the battle. The Scots drove the English knights over the steep sides of Roslin Glen and cut down their English prisoners as a second then a third force arrived. In 1304 Red Comyn was forced to make peace with Edward I.

On 10 February 1306, Robert the Bruce and the Red Comyn fought by the high altar at Greyfriars Kirk in Dumfries. Comyn was killed and Bruce went on to become king.

*
.

more...

Robert the Bruce met John Comyn, his rival for the crown of Scotland, at Greyfriars monastery in Dumfries. A row erupts and Comyn is murdered. Bruce becomes an outlaw.

Video: A history of Scotland: Bishop Makes King. http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/history/wars_of_independence/bruce_kills_comyn_at_greyfriars_church_dumfries/

*

more...

Fascinating biography of Red Comyn and his family's influence on Scotland's history... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_III_Comyn,_Lord_of_Badenoch

More on John... http://www.educationscotland.gov.uk/scotlandshistory/warsofindependence/johncomyn/index.asp or
http://www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk/usbiography/c/johniiicomyn.html

*

John married Joan de Valence about 1289 in Badenoch, Isle of Skye, Inverness, Scotland. Joan (daughter of Sir William de Valence, Knight, 1st Earl of Pembroke and Lady Joan de Munchensi, Countess of Pembroke) died in 0___ 1326. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Marjorie married Sir Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland on 2 Mar 1315 in Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland. Walter (son of Sir James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland and Egidia Burgh) was born in ~1292 in Dundonald Castle, Kyle, Ayrshire, Scotland; died on 9 Apr 1327 in Bathgate Castle, West Lothian, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

David married Joan of the Tower, Queen of Scotland on 17 Jul 1328. Joan (daughter of Edward II, King of England and Isabella of France, Queen of England) was born on 5 Jul 1321 in Tower Hill, London, Middlesex, England; died on 7 Sep 1362 in Hertford, Hertfordshire, England; was buried in Grey Friars Church, London, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Matilda married Thomas Isaac before 1345. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Helen Vieuxpont. Helen was born in 1310 in Lockleven, Scotland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Children of Maud de Beauchamp and Geoffrey IV 2nd Baron de Say are:

i. William VII 3rd Baron de Say was born 17 JUN 1340 in Birling, Malling, Kent, England, and died BEF 7 AUG 1375 in Sawbridgeworth, Hertfordshire, England. He married Beatrice de Braose, daughter of Thomas de Brewes Lord Brewes and Beatrice de Mortimer Baroness Brewose.
ii. Joan de Say was born ABT 1325 in Sawbridgeworth, Bishop's Stortford, Hertfordshire, England, and died 29 JUN 1378 in Herstmonceux, Hailsham, East Sussex, England. She married William Fiennes Sir 12 NOV 1351, son of John de Fiennes and Maude de Monceaux. He was born ABT 1330, and died 30 NOV 1359.
iii. Idonea de Say was born ABT 1325 in Birling, Kent, England, and died BEF 26 JUN 1384. She married John 3rd Baron de Clinton Sir of Maxtoke ABT 1350, son of John 2nd Baron de Clinton Sir of Maxtoke and Isabel of Beauchamp Baroness of Clinton. He was born BEF MAR 1325/26 in Maxstoke Castle, Maxstoke, Warwickshire, England, and died 6 SEP 1398 in Maxstoke, Warwickshire, England.
4. iv. John 4th Baron de Say was born ABT 1343 in Sawbridgeworth, Bishop's Stortford, Hertfordshire, England, and died 27 JUL 1382. He married Elizabeth 4th Baroness le Boteler BET 1381 AND 1382, daughter of William 3rd Baron le Boteler Sir of Wem MP and Elizabeth de Handesacre. She was born BEF 1345 in Oversley, Alcester, Warwickshire, England, and died BEF 16 JUN 1411 in Wem, Shropshire, England.

Buried:
at Black Friars Church...

Family/Spouse: Sir Geoffrey de Say, IV, 2nd Baron de Say. Geoffrey (son of Sir Geoffrey de Say, III, 1st Baron de Say and Idonea de Leybourne) was born in ~1343 in Sawbridgeworth, Hertfordshire, England; died on 27 Jul 1382. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick, KG (c. 14 February 1313 – 13 November 1369) was an English nobleman and military commander during the Hundred Years' War. In 1348 he became one of the founders and the third Knight of the Order of the Garter.

Early life

Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick depicted in 1347 as one of the 8 mourners attached to the monumental brass of Sir Hugh Hastings (d. 1347) at St Mary's Church, Elsing, Norfolk. He displays the arms of Beauchamp on his tunic
Thomas de Beauchamp was born at Warwick Castle, Warwickshire, England to Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick and Alice de Toeni. He served in Scotland frequently during the 1330s, being captain of the army against the Scots in 1337. He was hereditary High Sheriff of Worcestershire from 1333 until his death (in 1369). In 1344 he was also made High Sheriff of Warwickshire and Leicestershire for life.[citation needed]

Victor at Crâecy and Poitiers


Left:Seal (obverse) of Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick, dated 1344: S(IGILLUM) THO(M)E COMITIS WARRWYCHIE ANNO REGNI REGIS E(DWARDII) TE(RT)II...(continued on counter-seal) ("Seal of Thomas, Count (Earl) of Warwick in the year of the reign of King Edward the Third..."). He displays on his surcoat, shield and horse's caparison the arms of Beauchamp, and carries on his helm as crest a swan's head and neck; right: Counter-seal/reverse: (legend continued from face of seal) ...POST CO(N)QUESTU(M) ANGLIE SEPTI(M)O DECIM(0) ET REGNI SUI FRANCIE QUARTO ("...after the Conquest of England the seventeenth and of his reign of the Kingdom of France the fourth"). This dates the seal to 1344. The arms are those of de Newburgh, the family of the Beaumont Earls of Warwick: Checky azure and or, a chevron ermine. This same display of double arms was used on the seal of his father Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick on his seal affixed to the Barons' Letter, 1301
Warwick was Marshall of England from 1343/4 until 1369, and was one of the commanders at the great English victories at Crâecy and Poitiers.

Thomas de Beauchamp fought in all the French wars of King Edward III; he commanded the center at the Battle of Crecy (where many of his relatives were killed including his younger half-brother Alan la Zouche de Mortimer). He was trusted to be guardian of the sixteen-year-old Black Prince. Beauchamp fought at Poitiers in 1356 and at the Siege of Calais (1346).

He began the rebuilding of the Collegiate Church of Saint Mary in Warwick using money received from the ransom of a French Archbishop. He died of plague in Calais on 13 November 1369 and was entombed in the Beauchamp Chapel. The chapel contains the finest example of the use of brisures for cadency in medieval heraldry -- seven different Beauchamp coats of arms.

Marriage and children

He married Katherine Mortimer, daughter of Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March. They had five sons and ten daughters:[1]

Thomas b. 16 Mar 1338 d. 8 Aug 1401, who married Margaret Ferrers and had descendants. His son Richard succeeded him as Earl and inherited most of his property.
Guy (d. 28 April 1360). He had two daughters who by entail were excluded from their grandfather's inheritance: Elizabeth (d. c.1369), and Katherine, who became a nun.
Reinbrun, (d. 1361); he was named for a character in Guy of Warwick.
William (c. 1343–1411), who inherited the honour of Abergavenny. Married Joan FitzAlan.
Roger (d. 1361)
Maud (d. 1403), who married Roger de Clifford, 5th Baron de Clifford.
Philippa de Beauchamp who married Hugh de Stafford, 2nd Earl of Stafford.
Alice (d. 1383), who married first John Beauchamp, 3rd Baron Beauchamp and then Sir Matthew Gournay.
Joan, who married Ralph Basset, 4th Baron Basset de Drayton.
Isabell (d. 1416) who married first John le Strange, 5th Baron Strange, and then to William de Ufford, 2nd Earl of Suffolk. After the latter's death she became a nun.
Margaret, who married Guy de Montfort and after his death became a nun.
Elizabeth, married Thomas de Ufford, KG
Anne, married Walter de Cokesey
Juliana
Katherine, became a nun at Shouldham

Catherine Montacute, Countess of Salisbury was not his daughter, although she is presented as such in William Painter's Palace of Pleasure and in the Elizabethan play, Edward III that may be by William Shakespeare.

Thomas married Lady Katherine de Mortimer, Countess of Warwick on 19 Apr 1319 in (Warwickshire) England. Katherine (daughter of Sir Roger de Mortimer, 1st Earl of March and Baroness Joan de Geneville, 2nd Baroness Geneville) was born in 0___ 1314 in Wigmore Castle, Wigmore, Herefordshire, England; died on 4 Aug 1369 in (Warwickshire) England; was buried in St. Mary's Church, Warwick, Warwickshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Sir Thomas Astley, Knight. Thomas was born before 1308 in Astley, Warwickshire, England; died on 3 May 1366 in Bentley, Atherstone, Warwickshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Sir Reynold (Reginald) "2nd Lord Grey of Ruthin" de Grey formerly Grey
Born 1323 in Ruthin Castle, Denbighshire, Wales
ANCESTORS ancestors
Son of Roger (Grey) de Grey and Elizabeth (Hastings) Grey
Brother of Maud Grey, Julian Grey, Johanna (Grey) De Grey, Elizabeth (Grey) Okeover, John (Grey) de Grey and Mary Grey

Husband of Eleanor (Strange) de Grey — married [date unknown] [location unknown]

DESCENDANTS descendants

Father of Maud (Grey) Tuchet, Eleanor (Grey) de Grey, Reynold Grey, Catherine (Grey) de Grey and Ida (Grey) Cokayne
Died 4 Aug 1388 in Ruthin, Denbighshire, Walesmap
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Grey-8 created 6 Aug 2010 | Last modified 23 Jul 2017
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European Aristocracy
Reginald (Grey) de Grey was a member of aristocracy in the British Isles.
Join: British Isles Royals and Aristocrats 742-1499 Project
Discuss: EUROARISTO
[citation needed] for daughters.

Biography
Sir Roger de Grey was born around 1323-7 (said to be aged 26 or 30 in 1353.

He was the 2nd son of the 1st Lord Grey of Ruthin and his wife Elizabeth de Hastings, but became the heir apparent on the death of his elder brother.

Before 31 Oct 1353 he married Eleanor le Strange, daughter of the 2nd Lord Strange of Blackmere.

He died 28 July (or 4 August) 1388, survived by his wife.

Family
They had four sons and two daughters: Sir Reynold (3rd Lord Grey of Ruthin), John, Edmund, Roger, Isabel, and Ida.

Sources

ROYAL ANCESTRY by Douglas Richardson Vol. III page 124-126
Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 2nd Edition, 2011, by Douglas Richardson, Volume 2, pp. 272-3.
Marlyn Lewis.

end of bio