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 1389 - 1422 (33 years)
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| Name |
John Clifford |
| Title |
Sir |
| Suffix |
Knight, 7th Baron Clifford |
| Birth |
1388-1389 |
Appleby, Westmorland, England  [1, 2, 3] |
| Christening |
23 Apr 1389 [1] |
| Gender |
Male |
| Occupation |
High Sheriff of Westmorland [2] |
| Residence |
Azincourt, Pas-de-Calais, France [4] |
 Military |
18 Aug 1415 [2] |
| Siege of Harfleur |
- The siege of Harfleur, Normandy, France, was a military action which occurred during the Hundred Years' War. It began on 18 August 1415 and ended on 22 September, when the French port of Harfleur surrendered to the English.
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| Military |
25 Oct 1415 [2] |
| Battle of Agincourt |
- The Battle of Agincourt (Azincourt in French) was a major English victory in the Hundred Years' War.[a] The battle took place on Friday, 25 October 1415 (Saint Crispin's Day), near Azincourt, in northern France.[5][b] Henry V's victory at Agincourt, against a numerically superior French army, crippled France and started a new period in the war during which Henry V married the French king's daughter, and their son, later Henry VI of England and Henry II of France, was made heir to the throne of France as well as of England. English speakers found it easier to pronounce "Agincourt" with a "g" instead of the original "z". For all historians in the non-English speaking world, the battle is referred to with the toponymy of Azincourt, whereas English-only speaking historians kept the modified spelling of Agincourt.
Henry V led his troops into battle and participated in hand-to-hand fighting. The French king of the time, Charles VI, did not command the French army himself as he suffered from severe psychotic illnesses with moderate mental incapacitation. Instead, the French were commanded by Constable Charles d'Albret and various prominent French noblemen of the Armagnac party.
This battle is notable for the use of the English longbow in very large numbers, with English and Welsh archers forming most of Henry's army. The battle is the centrepiece of the play Henry V by William Shakespeare.
more ... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Agincourt
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| Death |
13 Mar 1422 |
Meaux, Seine-et-Marne, France [1, 2, 3] |
- The Siege of Meaux was fought in 1422 between the English, under Henry V, and the French during the Hundred Years' War. The town's defence was led by the Bastard of Vaurus, by all accounts cruel and evil, but a brave commander all the same. The siege commenced on October 6, 1421, and mining and bombardment soon brought down the walls. Casualties began to mount in the English army, including John Clifford, 7th Baron de Clifford who had been at the siege of Harfleur, the Battle of Agincourt, and received the surrender of Cherbourg.
The English also began to fall sick rather early into the siege, and it is estimated that one sixteenth of the besiegers died from dysentery and smallpox. On 9 March 1422, the town surrendered, although the garrison held out. Under continued bombardment, the garrison gave in as well on 10 March, following a siege of 8 months. The Bastard of Vaurus was decapitated, as was a trumpeter named Orace, who had once mocked King Henry. Sir John Fortescue was then installed as English Captain of Meaux Castle.
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| Burial |
Friars Minor, Ipswich, Suffolk, England [1] |
| Person ID |
I41377 |
The Hennessee Family |
| Last Modified |
16 Jan 2016 |
| Father |
Sir Thomas Clifford, Knight, 6th Baron de Clifford, b. 1363-1364, Cumbria, England d. 18 Aug 1391 (Age 27 years) |
| Mother |
Elizabeth de Ros, b. Abt 1367, Helmsley, Yorkshire, England d. 26 Mar 1424, (Yorkshire) England (Age ~ 57 years) |
| Marriage |
Bef 1379 |
(Yorkshire) England [1, 3, 5, 6] |
| Family ID |
F14963 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
| Family |
Lady Elizabeth Percy, b. ~ 1395, Alnwick Castle, Alnwick, Northumberland, England NE66 1NQ d. 26 Oct 1437 (Age ~ 42 years) |
| Marriage |
~ 1404 [1, 2, 3, 7] |
| Children |
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| Family ID |
F14962 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
| Last Modified |
30 Apr 2023 |
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| Notes |
- John Clifford, 7th Baron de Clifford (c.1389 - 13 March 1422), also 7th Lord of Skipton,[citation needed] KG, was an English peer. He was slain at the siege of Meaux.
Family
John Clifford, born about 1389, was the only son of Thomas Clifford, 6th Baron Clifford (d. 18 August 1391), and Elizabeth de Roos (d. March 1424), daughter of Thomas de Roos, 4th Baron Roos of Helmsley, by Beatrix Stafford, daughter of Ralph de Stafford, 1st Earl of Stafford.[1] He had a sister, Maud Clifford, who marred firstly, John Neville, 6th Baron Latimer, and secondly, Richard, 3rd Earl of Cambridge.[2]
Career
At his father's death on 18 August 1391, Clifford, then aged about three, inherited the title and the position of hereditary High Sheriff of Westmorland. He was summoned to Parliament from 21 September 1411 to 26 February 1421.[3]
He took part in a great tournament at Carlisle between six English and six Scottish knights, and in the war in France.[3] He was at the Siege of Harfleur and at the Battle of Agincourt, where he was indented to serve Henry V with 3 archers.[4] He accepted the surrender of Cherbourg.[citation needed] He was made a Knight of the Garter on 3 May 1421.[3] He was a legatee in the will of his cousin, Henry V.[2]
He was slain at the Siege of Meaux on 13 March 1422,[3] and is said to have been buried at Bolton Priory.[2] His widow, who died 26 October 1436,[3] is buried at Staindrop, Durham.[2]
Marriage and issue
He married, in about 1404, Elizabeth Percy, the daughter of Henry "Hotspur" Percy and Elizabeth Mortimer, daughter of Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March,[3] by whom he had two sons and two daughters:[5][6]
Thomas Clifford, 8th Baron de Clifford, who married Joan Dacre, daughter of Thomas Dacre, 6th Baron Dacre, by Philippa de Neville, daughter of Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland.[5][7]
Henry Clifford.[2][8]
Mary Clifford, who married Sir Philip Wentworth (c.1424 – 18 May 1464) of Nettlestead, Suffolk, beheaded at Middleham, Yorkshire, after the Battle of Hexham, by whom she had a son and two daughters.[5][9]
Blanche (or Beatrix) Clifford, who married Sir Robert Waterton (d. 10 December 1475), son of the Lancastrian retainer, Robert Waterton (d. 17 January 1425). There were no issue of the marriage.[2][10][11]
After Clifford's death, his widow married secondly, in 1426, Ralph Neville, 2nd Earl of Westmorland (d. 3 November 1484),[3] by whom she had a son, Sir John Neville, who married Anne Holland, daughter of John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter.[12][13]
Notes
Jump up ^ Richardson I 2011, pp. 506–7.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Richardson I 2011, p. 507.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Cokayne 1913, p. 293.
Jump up ^ Joseph Hunter (1850). Agincourt: a contribution towards an authentic list of the commanders of the English host in King Henry the Fifth's expedition to France, in the third year of his reign. Cowen Tracts: Newcastle University. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/60201871
^ Jump up to: a b c Richardson I 2011, pp. 507-8.
Jump up ^ Richardson III 2011, p. 341.
Jump up ^ Summerson 2004.
Jump up ^ Cokayne states that Thomas was the only son of John Clifford, 7th Baron Clifford.
Jump up ^ Richardson III 2011, p. 236.
Jump up ^ Whitehead 2004.
Jump up ^ Ellis & Tomlinson 1882, p. 421.
Jump up ^ Richardson III 2011, pp. 250-1.
Jump up ^ Pollard 2004.
References
Cokayne, George Edward (1913). The Complete Peerage, edited by H.A. Doubleday III. London: St. Catherine Press. p. 293.
Ellis, Alfred Shelley; Tomlinson, George William, eds. (1882). "The Yorkshire Archaeological and Topographical Journal" VII. London: Bradbury, Agnew and Co.: 401–428. Retrieved 13 October 2013.
Pollard, A.J. (2004). "Neville, Ralph, second earl of Westmorland (b. in or before 1407, d. 1484)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/19952. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families I (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 1449966373.
Richardson, Douglas (2011). Everingham, Kimball G., ed. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families III (2nd ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 144996639X.
Summerson, Henry (2004). "Clifford, Thomas, eighth Baron Clifford (1414-1455)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/5663. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Walker, Simon (2004). "Percy, Sir Henry (1364–1403)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/21931. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Whitehead, J.R. (2004). "Waterton, Robert (d.1425)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/54421. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
Further reading[edit]
Blore, Thomas (1811). The History and Antiquities of the County of Rutland. Stanford: R. Newcomb. [2]
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