John Hale

Notes:

21 Sep 2011

Will of John Hale is found in Orange County, NC. It was written 20 Dec 1784 and proved 7 Feb 1785. Will Book A, p. 319.

end of comment

Thu 1/12/2017 6:50 AM: SPAM LOW: Comments (John Hale b. 0___ 1726 Bedford County, Virginia d. 0___ 1785 Orange County, North Carolina)


Comments (John Hale b. 0___ 1726 Bedford County, Virginia d. 0___ 1785 Orange County, North Carolina) [editor's note; go to: http://thehennesseefamily.com/getperson.php?personID=I31312&tree=hennessee]:

David, In my research I am coming to believe that Thomas Rowe Hale's father was Benjamin Hale and not John Hale married to Mary Underhill. This belief is based on DNA from several descendants of Thomas Rowe Hale. The Haplogroup is different for John Hale than the descendants of Thomas Rowe Hale and Benjamin Hale is showing up in the same Haplogroup. John Hale Descendants are in a different Haplogroup. I have been in communication with several of the DNA contributors on the Hale Project with FTDNA.Com and there is a growing concensus that Thomas Hale's father was Benjamin Hale who was Son of Thomas Hale out of York Pennsylvania in Warrington Township. Have you done any research on the Hale family out of York PA? There has to be a connection to the Hale's of Baltimore but I have not found it yet. What do you know here and what is your opinion. Brenda Booze brenda54782!

PS. You and I spoke a while ago. I am from Boynton Beach Fla and you live in West Palm.

Brenda Booze
brenda547825@gmail.com

Family/Spouse: Mary Underhill. Mary was born in 0___ 1715 in Surry County, Virginia; died in 0___ 1787. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alt Birth: 1 Jan 1703, Baltimore County, Province of Maryland

Notes:

Nicholas Haile III aka Hale
Born about 2 Jan 1702 in Baltimore, Province of Maryland
ANCESTORS ancestors
Son of Nicholas Haile II and Frances Broad (Garrett) Haile
Brother of Joseph Haile, Mary Hale, John Hale, Hannah (Haile) Green, Sarah Haile, Millicent (Haile) Merriman, George Haile, Sabina Haile, Anne (Haile) Carter, Neal Haile and Henry Haile
Husband of Ruth Ann (Long) Haile — married 25 Dec 1723 in St Pauls Parish, Baltimore, Maryland, Colonial America
DESCENDANTS descendants
Father of Neale Haile, Nicholas Haile IV, John (Hale) Haile, Susannah (Hail) Green, Mary (Haile) Talbot, Ann (Haile) Mead, Shadrach Haile, Meshack Hale and Abednego Haile
Died about 1748 in Lunenburg, Lunenburg, Colony of Virginia [uncertain]
Profile managers: Katherine Patterson Find Relationship private message [send private message], Todd Altic Find Relationship private message [send private message], and Jenna Burr Find Relationship private message [send private message]
Haile-66 created 29 Jul 2011 | Last modified 20 May 2019
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Contents
[hide]
1 Biography
2 Research Notes
3 Additional Research Notes
4 Sources
Biography
Nicholas Haile (aka Hale) was born 02 JAN 1702 at "Hailes Fellowship," Baltimore, Maryland [1]

He married 25 December 1723 to Ann Long at St Paul's Parish, in Baltimore City, Maryland [2]

He died 1748 in Lunenburg, Lunenburg, Virginia [3][4]

Child: Neale Haile
Child: John Hale
Child: Nicholas Haile
Child: John Hale
Child: Mary Haile
Child: Ann Haile
Child: Shadrack Hale
Child: Meshack Hale
Child: Abednego Haile
Child: John Haile
Research Notes
Descendants of Nicholas Hales are haplogroup I2a:

1728/7/13, Haile, Nicholas & Frances to Edward Stephenson. Baltimore Co MD Deed Abstracts 1659-1750, p 90.

1748/7/7, Haile, Nicholas, Jr & Ruth to Dutton LN. Baltimore Co MD Deed Abstracts 1659-1750, p 90.

1758/3/27, Hale, Nicholas & wife Ruth, POA to William Mead...to make William Rentfro a deed to 350 A William Rentfro pd Haile for. Wit: Jesse Yarbrough, James Yarbrough, & Hanna Yarbrough.p159. Bedford Co VA db a-1, 1754-1762, pg 14.

1758/3/27, Haile, Nicholas & wife Ruth of Roane Co NC to William Rentfro, 350 A on Waggon Rd on a br called Indian Run in Bedford Co. p160. Bedford Co VA db a-1, 1754-1762, pg 15.

1758/March, Hale, Nicholas & wife Ruth to William Rentfro, ack by Wm Mead & rec Bedford order bk B, 1/a, Bedford Co VA OB, 1754-1761, pg 144

1768, Haile, Nicholas to William Heath, 400 A B/S Lenwells Crk (Linville). Bedford Co VA db 3, 176, (Ruth relin dower 3, 180).

Additional Research Notes
Proposing there is a brother to be added, also haplogroup I2a, additional lineage and research for sons Richard & Stephen is available, also haplogroup I2a:

1775/12/5, Hale, Francis, will rec 1780/8/28, wife Adara. Sons Richard, Stephen, Lewis, Dt. Elizabeth, Mary, Ruth, Usley, Mourning. Exec: sons Stephen, Lewis. Wit: Jonathan Pratt, George Bowles, Barnabas Arthur Bedford Co VA WB 1, 1753-1787, WB2 1787-1803, pg 37. Bedford Co VA WB 1, 371

Additional notes for above: son Lewis one bed that I make use of for my own lodging, Dt Mary one good or next best bed w/the furniture.. Sec: Barnabus Arthur & James Ayres. Abstracts of Bedford Co VA wills, inventories & accounts, 1754-1787 p106.

1774-1782, Haile, Francis, will probated, exor qual & apprs apptd. Bedford Co VA, order book 6, pg 292

1774-1782, Haile, Francis, inv & appsmt rec. Bedford Co VA, order book 6, pg 304

Sources
? Family Data Collection - BIRTHS. (Nicholas HALE, Father: Nicholas Haile Hale, Mother: Frances Garrett, Birth 2 Jan 1702), Family Data Collection - BIRTHS. (Nicolas HAILE, 1702) Edmund West, comp., Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2001Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2000.
? U.S. and International Marriage Records, 1560-1900. (Nicholas HAILE. Spouse: Ann Long, Parents: Nicholas Haile, Frances Garrett), U.S. and International Marriage Records, 1560-1900. (as Nicholas III Haile), U.S. and International Marriage Records, 1560-1900. Yates Publishing -Online - Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2004.,
? Family Data Collection - DEATHS, Family Data Collection - DEATHS(Nicholas HALE, Spouse: Ann Long, Parents:Nicholas Haile Hale, Frances Garrett., Death 1749 Bucks (probably Co., Pennsylvania)).Edmund West, comp., Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 2001
? Family Data Collection - Individual Records., Family Data Collection - Individual Records. Edmund West, comp., Online -Provo, UT, USA: The Generations Network, Inc., 200, Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2000.
Baltimore Co MD Deed Abstracts 1659-1750, p 90.
Baltimore Co MD Deed Abstracts 1659-1750, p 90.
Bedford Co VA db 1, 159
Bedford Co VA db 1, 160
Bedford Co VA OB, 1754-1761, pg 144
Bedford Co VA db 3, 176
Bedford Co VA WB 1, 371
Bedford Co VA wills, inventories & accounts, 1754-1787 p106.
Bedford Co VA, order book 6, pg 292
Bedford Co VA, order book 6, pg 304
[5]
See also: other valid Ancestry.com records with different combinations of name spellings, birth dates (some say 1701), death dates (some say1749):

Family Data Collection
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=worldmarr_ga&h=752988&ti=0&indiv=try&gss=pt
http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=worldmarr_ga&h=510744&ti=0&indiv=try&gss>
[edit]

end of biography

Birth:
at Hailes Fellowship...

Nicholas married Ruth Ann Long on 25 Dec 1723 in St Pauls Parish, Baltimore County, Province of Maryland. Ruth (daughter of Thomas Long and Susanna Mead) was born in 1703 in Baltimore, Baltimore County, Province of Maryland; died in 1763 in Somerset County, Province of Maryland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Possessions: 1757; Bedford County, Virginia

Notes:

Possessions:
July 21, 2016;

interesting find today. This is a deed in 1757 after Nicholas had died and Ann is selling property in Bedford. What I find interesting is that it is say they are of Roan County (Rowan) in North Carolina. Is that a mistake or did they live in Rowan County. There certainly was family there! Have you seen this. It is from Virginia Ancestors and Adventures by Charles Hughes Hamlin. Just got this book in.


Brenda Booze
brenda547825@gmail.com
561-701-0360

Other Events and Attributes:

• Will: 27 Feb 1730, Baltimore, Baltimore County, Province of Maryland

Notes:

Ancestor of Susannah Haile, claimed (as I believe, erroneously) to be the wife of Robert Craighead.

From original Will found in Box 5, Folder 1, Hall of Records, Annapolis, MD.

IN THE NAME OF GOD, AMEN. I, Nicholas Haile of Baltimore County, in the Providence of Maryland, being weak of body but of perfect mind and memory, thanks be given to God for the same, hoping and sure trusting him for remission of my sins through His Son Jesus Christ our Saviour and knowing the uncertainty of this mortal life have ordained and do ordain this to be MY LAST WILL AND TESTAMENT and I do hereby utterly disallow and make of no value all other former wills made but do fully confirm this MY LAST WILL AND TESTAMENT. I also will that my beloved wife, Frances Haile to be my whole and soule executrix of this my Last Will and Testament and I do trust to her for a decent burial. I also will that all funeral charges and just debts be honestly and loyally paid and discharged.

Item 1. I will unto my eldest son, Nicholas Haile, half that tract of land called Haile's Fellowship where on he now liveth to him and his heirs of his body lawfully begotten forever; the said land to be divided right across the middle and I will that my son George Haile shall have the upper and next to George Hitchcock's to him and his heirs of his body lawfully begotten forever but and if my two sons, Nicholas Haile and George Haile leave no lawful heirs then his part or parts of land to the next of kin and to be consigned as aforesaid forever.

Item 2. I say I will to my beloved wife, Frances Haile my now dwelling plantation called Part of Merryman's Lot and my now plantation called Hailes' Addition to her for her use without molestation during her natural life and after her demise to my son Neale Haile and my daughter Mary Haile.

Item 3. To my son Neale Haile my now dwelling plantation which is called Part of Merryman's Lot to him and his heirs forever; also I will that my son Neale Haile to have part of that tract of land called Haile's Addition adjoining to my now dwelling plantation and to be?? a great stone standing upon Great Run of this tract and to run with a straight line to a bounded black ?? standing on the land called Haile's Addition to my son Neale Haile and his heirs lawfully begotten forever, and if he die without heirs lawfully begotten then all his land to the next of kin.

Item 4. I also will that my eldest daughter Mary Haile shall have all the remainder part of that tract of land called Haile's Addition to her and her heirs of her body lawfully begotten forever, but and if she die without issue lawfully begotten then that land to the next of kin.

Item 5. I will unto my two daughters, Hannah Haile and Ann Haile my tract of land called Mount Pleasant containing 150 acres to be equally divided between them and for them and their heirs lawfully begotten forever. Hannah to have her first choice but and if they, one or both, die without issue lawfully begotten then to the next of kin as above said.

Item 6. I give to my two daughters Millisant Haile and my daughter Subbiner Haile 100 acres of land lying on Stony Run called Haile's Follyto be equally divided among them, Millisant to have her first choice, to them and their heirs forever, but and if they die without issue lawfully begotten then to the next of kin and to each of them one heifer a piece besides their equal share in the moveable estate.

Item 7. I also will that my three old negroes be to my wife to maintain herself and my son Neale Haile as long as she liveth but and if my negro women bring children then the first child to my youngest daughter ANN HAILE and the next to the next youngest and so on till each one of my children have one negro child if so be that the negro woman or women should bring so many but and if my wife should die then the three old negroes to my son Neale Haile but and if he should die without issue then the next of kin.

Item 8. I will that my son George Haile have the mare colt that is now with and come of my mare called Dainsy and the next colt that wither of my mares bring to my daughter Ann and the next to my son Neale Haile. Also all the rest of my personal estate to be divided equally among all my children.

Dated: 27th day of February 1729/30 /s/ Nicholas Haile

Witnessed by John Merryman, Sr., Johannah Merryman and Francis Hinckley.

*

more...

From: "Edwin Merryman"
To:
Subject: Re: Haile
Date: Monday, March 19, 2001 8:23 AM

Edwin Merryman wrote:

Hi David,

Millicent Haile was d/o Nicholas Haile, Jr. and Frances Garrett. She m John Charles Merryman. He later dropped use of John but many who do not understand reversed name calling him Charles John. Too many people blindly put down what others think. Siblings for her were

1. Nicholas III m Ann Long
2. Mary m Thomas Boring
3. Hannah m William Green
4. Ann m William Carter
5. Richard
6. Neale m Sarah Robinson
7. Subbiner {probably Sabrina} m Richard Coale
8. Henry m Mary Bradford.

Henry is not in father's will Balt. Co. 1729/30 but in records of St. Paul's Church. Many claim a Joseph b 1704 and a John b 1706 were sons also without a shred of proof.

I have found no Joseph and nothing to prove John who I descend from.

Some have Nicholas, Jr. as s/o George and Ellen {Rogers} Heale b ca 1780. He was George's brother b 1657. Their sister Mary m 1. Henry King # 2 Charles Merryman ca 1678.

The parents of these 3 were Nicholas, Sr. who came to Va. in 1645. Here again many, with no proof whatsoever, try to make him a s/o a George who arrived on the ship "Supply" in 1620.

His wife was Mary {maiden name unknown}. Again many call her Mary Travers. She is not a Travers. I have this from a Traver's descendant/researcher who also descends from George and Ellen.

Charles Merryman, Sr. youngest s/o John and Audrey {unknown} Merryman m Mary {Hale} King {not Haile} Their son Charles, Jr. m Jane {Long} Peake, widow of Joseph Peake. Their son {John} Charles m Millicent Haile.

Ed Merryman

Buried:
unknown...

Nicholas married Frances Broad Garrett in 1700 in (Baltimore County, Province of Maryland). Frances (daughter of Dennis Garrett and Barbara Stone) was born in 1670 in St. Paul's Parish, Baltimore County, Province of Maryland; died on 18 Apr 1730 in Baltimore, Baltimore County, Province of Maryland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Thomas married Susanna Mead about 1701 in Baltimore County, Province of Maryland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: Judge & Planter
• Alt Birth: 1628, Kent, England
• Alt Birth: 1628, Virginia
• Alt Death: 15 Feb 1667, Lancaster County, Virginia
• Alt Death: 15 Feb 1668, Lancaster County, Virginia

Notes:

Nicholas Haile, Sr.
Also Known As: "Nicholas Hale", "Nicholas Haile", "Nicholas Haele"
Birthdate: 1628
Birthplace: Kent, England
Death: September 08, 1669 (40-41)
Lancaster County, Virginia Colony
Immediate Family:
Son of George Hale, of Jamestown and Mary Haile
Husband of Mary Haile
Father of Capt. George Haile; Richard Haile, of Virginia; Mary Merryman (Haile); Nicholas Haile, Jr.; Joseph Hale and 2 others
Brother of George Hale, Jr.; Ellin Rogers; John Haile and Thomas Haile
Occupation: Judge
Managed by: Private User
Last Updated: November 4, 2019
View Complete Profile
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Immediate Family

Mary Haile
wife

Capt. George Haile
son

Richard Haile, of Virginia
son

Mary Merryman (Haile)
daughter

Nicholas Haile, Jr.
son

Joseph Hale
son

John Hale
son

Francis Hale
son

Mary Haile
mother

George Hale, of Jamestown
father

George Hale, Jr.
brother

Ellin Rogers
sister
About Nicholas Haile (immigrant)
Evidence needed to support as son of George Hale, of Jamestown

Nicholas Haile is supposed to be easy to trace through Lancaster County, VA records. His name appears many times in land transactions and other public records:

Nicholas is listed in the Colonial Court records of York County, VA, giving his wife's name as Mary.
In York County and Lancaster Counties, Virginia, on 5 May 1654, he can be found giving power of attorney to Dr. Thomas Roots.
In 1654, Nicholas "suffered penalty" regarding a gun in the house of Margaret Grimes, who was the wife of Edward Grimes(Colonial Records, Vol 1, page 163)
Lancaster County, VA Colonial Records, Vol 2, page 120:"Sept 18 1669, upon petition of Nichlas Haile, William Ball Jr....a roadway from the new church to Mr. Fox be...laid out and cleaned by the surveyors for that precinct..." This probably wa the first church to be built in these parts since the people had been going to the "plantation of Mr. David Fox on the hill". The records show it was Nicholas who asked that "a full time preacher be called".
Nicholas patented 500 acres in June 1657 in Lancaster County, VA.
He owned land in York County, VA and 18 May 1660 in Lancaster County, VA, Nicholas owned 738 acres on NW branch of the Corotoman River.(Colonial Abstracts of Lancaster CO. VA,"page 219, 13 March 1671-1672, and Cavalier & Pioneers, page 193, Patent Book #6)
In May 1666 he obtained 234 more acres. Nicholas transported people into Virginia, earning more land.
On 8 Feb 1668, Lancaster County, VA, George and Nicholas Haile witnessed the will of Margaret George.
Robert Pollard "went to England and committed his son Robert Pollard to the tuition of Nicholas Haile, Jan 1667/68."(Colonial Court Records, Vol 2, page 73)
Thos. Gayner of Bristol, England, Merchant, power of attorney to Nicholas Haile to collect debts in Lancaster County, VA, 15 Feb 1668(Colonial Records, Lancaster County, VA, Vol 2, page 72)
In June 1671, Nicholas had in his possession, land for the orphans of John Arding (John Arden).
Mary Haile was the executor for the estate of Nicholas, 8 Nov 1671.George, Mary and Nicholas Jr, each received one third of the two thirds of their father's estate, his wife receiving her one third. After the death of Mary her third was split amongst the three children(Colonial Records Lancaster County, VA, Series 2, Vol 2, page 84)
Mary's death occured between then and 13 March 1671/72, when her son George was ordered to pay Mary Haile King her portion of her parents estates.(Colonial Records, page 219)
BACKGROUND READING
http://lettersfromthedustbowl.com/Tidewater.html

BEGINNINGS IN VIRGINIA AND MARYLAND

Genealogists turned up certain Hailes early in the Jamestown settlement, because that is what they were looking for. Maude Crowe believed she had found such records, and many other people copied them out of Crowe's book, Descendants from First Families of Maryland and Virginia (1978). Crowe cannot really connect known Haile "descendants" with direct forebears in Jamestown.* Still, Jamestown's wretched experience at the beginning of the seventeenth century may have a place in these pages. The disasters there were closely evaluated by later, more successful English who came up the Virginia rivers as well as the Scots Irish who came down out of Pennsylvania. Besides, the Jamestown survivors intermarried among the later Virginia population.
Therefore, you might like to skip my account of the James River colony when the name does first appear (1620), and go straight to the family's earliest demonstrable forbears, by clicking here.
England and America, ca. 1600

The reign of Elizabeth I (1533-1603) was distinguished by energy, learning, independence of Europe, and flamboyant personalities. Among the latter, Sir Walter Raleigh continued an effort initiated by his brother to establish a colony on Roanoke Island in 1585. So far as is known, the 117 men, women and children Raleigh left there had all perished before the next ship's call, in 1591. But the stretch of land which he named Virginia, after his queen, became part of her estate. In that feudal world, the monarch would enfeof her royal domain to loyal subjects. They exercised her absolute authority abroad as at home.
Elizabeth was a popular ruler, both among her people and in her own understanding of sovereignty. More typical of absolutist Europe was her successor, James I (1566-1625), one of the strongest advocates of the divine right of kings. This is the James who commissioned the Authorized Bible that bears his name, as does the river where in 1606 he granted the Virginia Company a charter for settlements. Jamestown was established on the James River in the subsequent year. These plantations were nearly as disastrous as had been the Roanoke attempt. Three quarters of all who shipped out of England over the next fourteen years for Virginia became victims of starvation, disease, and Indian depredations--or were lost at sea. Yet conditions in England were such that incentive to emigrate remained strong. Although thousands of emigrants had perished by 1620, hundreds, even thousands more were coming every year. Most of them came as indentured servants, but many were refugees from the severe punishments under English law, or even convicts; the vast majority were malnourished boys and very young men.
The Virginia Company was predicated on profit. Colonists sent back lumber products, slate, indigo, and eventually ores. They were encouraged to cultivate silk. Europe obtained this cherished material from China, and the greatest hope for Virginia lay in the expectation that China would be found not too far beyond the Appalachians. The most immediate profit came from a plant cultivated by the Indians and immediately beloved throughout Europe, tobacco. King James not only abominated it but wrote his most eloquent tract against its use. Children are still delighted by the account of how a faithful servant of Sir Walter Raleigh, upon glancing at a couch whence smoke was arising, dashed a bucket of water over his lordship.
Conditions in Jamestown were brutal and primitive, and the Virginia Company unprofitable. Nonetheless, in 1619 eight ships arrived with over 1,200 new settlers, this time including marriageable girls. Among the indentured servants sent in this year were the first Negroes (slavery laws did not yet exist). In 1622, the recently friendly Indians coordinated a surprise attack whereby hundreds of colonists up and down the river were massacred at the same moment. This calamity was followed in 1623 by an epidemic of the plague. The failed Virginia Company was dissolved in 1625. Virginia was made a royal colony. James's successor, Charles I (1609-1649), re-appointed Governor Francis Wyatt, who had come to Virginia in 1620 on the ship Sup[p]ly. Among Wyatt's retinue was a 13-year-old boy named George Hall or George Hale. This is the boy whom Maude Crowe (p. 1) connects with the name George Haile on a document of sale for 300 acres up in Northumberland County, some thirty-odd years later. Crowe does not trace or demonstrate any such coincidence. Actually, Crowe overlooked a "servant" in Jamestown named Thomas Haile. In the 1624 / 25 Jamestown Muster we find not only George Hale / Hall in the James Citty Hundred, age 13 when he arrived on the Supply in 1620, but also Thomas Haile in the West & Sherley Hundred, age 20 when he arrived on the George in 1623.
Genealogists long had the diligence of Maude Crowe to thank for almost all their Haile records. Popular web sites continue to follow Crowe, often without knowing it. They seldom volunteer Crowe any credit, but sometimes they obliquely give her credit, as when they routinely advance her dubious guess about George as if it were a fact, yet remain silent (as Crowe is) about Thomas.
One such web site points to a William Haile (1568-1634) in Hertfordshire (Kings Warden), married to a Rose Bond (1573-1648). They are said to be parents of a George (b. abt. 1602) and a Thomas (b. abt. 1605). According to this particular web site, William's son George turns up in America to sire Crowe's American Hailes. The prosperous region of Hertfordshire, just north of London, did indeed have an old and prominent family of Hales. William Hale was among three Protestants burnt at the stake there in 1554. Richard Hale of Kings Warden founded the Richard Hale School in 1617. It survives to this day. There is obviously no way to deny that this Hertfordshire family could indeed be the progenitors of the Virginia Hailes. But the George who Crowe finds came to Jamestown, like the Thomas Haile whom she did not find, clearly belonged to a servant class. To associate them with the illustrious Richard of the Richard Hale School seems difficult. Genealogists sometimes conclude that the name they have found is the very one they were looking for. Perhaps it may be, but can the documented name be linked to specific progeny? If not, then an American genealogist may sire her own English ancestors.
At the first census, perhaps 25 "plantations," or settlements survived along the James River. They were commonly called hundreds after the old Roman fashion, but contained scarcely more than a score or so men, and maybe no women at all. Beyond mere survival, the task was to produce profitable exports for England. Land for a plantation by royal grant or headright (about 50 acres per head) was available to anyone paying for passage across the Atlantic. Labor, the main cost of a plantation, was commonly obtained by indenture, also in return for passage. Both George Hale / Hall and Thomas Haile were indentured servants. Thomas Haile came over on the Abigail in 1623, which also brought Governor Wyatt's wife (it is also the boat suspected of bringing the plague to Jamestown). A Thomas Haile also appears in 1689 as signatory to a Somerset, Maryland allegiance to the new monarchs William and Mary. By that date, the Jamestown Thomas would have been eighty-five. It is conceivable that there might be a connection between one of these Jamestown fellows from the1620s and the continuous line of Hailes which Crowe does carefully trace after mid-century from Virginia and Maryland down to our Tennessee forebears at Flynn's Lick. Absent evidence for such a connection, however, we cannot even count those two servant boys among Jamestown's lucky survivors, much less as direct progenitors of the family name when it appears some thirty years later, north of the Rappahannock River. The same is true of a Nicholas Haile whom genealogists discover inn Elizabeth City County on the James River.
By the time of the reign of Charles I at the middle of the 17th century the Virginia settlements had spread up and down the James, and also north toward the Pamunkey. To the south, below the Blackwater River, a tributary of the Chowan, lay swampland. The neck north of the Rappahannock was still prohibited. Some genealogists connect a Nicholas Haile with Elizabeth City County. It is true that a very few Jamestown colonists did indeed advance from indentured servitude, like the explorer and Indian trader Abraham Wood, who rose to wealth and distinction, but I discover no link connecting a later Haile family back to this Nicholas--or to any other Jamestown colonist. Founder of this particular Virginia family was a Nicholas Haile who grew up in England during times so turbulent as to leave a profound influence on young people's thinking. While the original colonists had been struggling to survive in the Virginia settlement named after King James, that monarch himself was absorbed in the dynastic intrigues of Old Europe. Machinations by European royal families constituted the political universe of Nicholas Haile's boyhood. The carryings on of royalty shaped his ideas about what government was, and set the pattern for how he expected rulers to behave. Let us therefore take just a quick look at that political world which Nicholas left behind him. Despite all its complications and despite even its silliness, European history does tell us something about the American settlers who came from there. Patience. It is only five short paragraphs.
Attitudes toward Government King James's daughter Elizabeth had married the dashing young Palatine Elector, Frederick V, on Valentine's Day of 1613. She was adulated as the Queen of Hearts, and what a handsome couple they were. The young bridegroom was leader of the Protestant Union on the continent. In 1619, the noble estates in Bohemia chose Frederick to be their new king. This disturbed an uneasy balance of power on the European continent.
Perhaps it was a fundamentally religious balance. At the middle of the previous century, the awakening we associate with Luther and Calvin had culminated in that great schism we now call the Protestant Reformation. Thus in Shakespeare's day Frederick's father-in-law, King James, inherited a Protestant kingdom from Queen Elizabeth. James and his new son-in-law were among the eminent Protestant rulers. The great Catholic power was the Holy Roman Empire.
Among the hundreds of principalities in the Empire, seven were distinguished as Electors privileged to choose the emperor. Three of the Electorates belonged to Catholic archbishops and one more, Bohemia, was also under Catholic rule. The remaining three, Brandenburg, Saxony, and Frederick's Palatinate had Protestant princes.
So when young Frederick accepted the Bohemian crown in 1619, that tilted the balance and triggered war. It eventually drew armies from all the Hapsburg lands, including Spain, as well as from the Protestant strongholds in the north, to wreak devastation upon the the middle of Europe. Historians name the catastrophe after its duration: Thirty Years War. By 1622, Imperial forces had driven Elizabeth and Frederick into exile in the Protestant Netherlands. Should her father, King James, now come to their rescue and restore the "Queen of Hearts" to both her thrones?
The royal favorite, George Villiers, said by some also to be King James's lover, advised a marriage between Elizabeth's brother, young Prince Charles, and the Hapsburg Infanta, Maria Anna of Spain. Villiers thought this blessed union might relieve the predicament Elizabeth and her spouse had got themselves into with the Hapsburg Empire, enhance King James's diplomatic prestige, and bring peace to all Europe. In 1623, Villiers and Prince Charles traveled precipitately to Madrid. But negotiations between the English prince and the Spanish monarchy broke down in hostility and mistrust. When the disappointed bridegroom returned home to England, he tried to give the impression that he had jilted his Spanish bride, not the other way around. Villiers even went ahead to launch an unsuccessful attack by sea against Spain. Still, King James entertained ambitions to play an ecumenical rãole among the European dynasties, and wed Prince Charles to Henrietta Maria, daughter of the Catholic French King--much to the dismay of English Protestants.
Such was the impression of royalty with which English boys and girls grew up: dazzling celebrities not so unlike the glamorous but lethal campaigners for power in our own century. In any case, such were the sensations that riveted the attention of Englishmen while Jamestown was struggling to survive.
Legal Assumptions brought by the English to Virginia

Needless to say, James's dynastic adventurism cost a lot. His heir, Charles I, had to beg Parliament for additional revenues in 1625, but Parliament indignantly refused. Charles resorted to interim "loans" from the greater nobility. When these were not all forthcoming, the king imprisoned some of the recalcitrant nobles. Five of them appealed to the ancient lex terrae, the "law of the land." The noblemen claimed they were entitled to due process, that is to say they thought the king was obliged to show cause for the arrest of any free man. Supporters of the king, on the other hand, argued that any royal command was itself the lex terrae. Their argument won the day, and the parsimonious knights were remanded to prison. This was The famous Case of the Five Knights (1627). Parliament debated as to what course to take now. Should they introduce a bill declaring a free man's right to due process? Should they merely remonstrate against the king's arbitrary arrests? This was the sort of problem which lay in the air breathed by Nicholas's parents. In the year of Nicholas's birth, 1628, Parliament passed the Petition of Right, asserting the constitutionality of habeas corpus. Pressed by his war efforts, Charles had to accept its terms.
This was the England in which Nicholas grew up. Like most of the English, his family were monarchists, but they also thought that free men had certain rights. For example, Englishmen were accustomed to being taxed only subject to Parliamentary approval. Much as Americans today revere their Constitution and Declaration of Independence, the English remembered their Great Charter, the Magna Carta, which they had compelled a king to sign in 1215. In the example given above (The Five Knights), they argued from Clause 39: it specifies that free men may be deprived of life, liberty or property only in accordance with the "law of the land," whereby (as attested in ancient writs) the magistrate or arresting officer must "have the person," habeas corpus, before a judge to show cause for the arrest. By the time England at last codified this basic Anglo Saxon protection as The Habeas Corpus Act of 1679, it had already long been respected by those who came to Virginia, or even even engrained as a fundamental character trait. At the time Nicholas was establishing himself in the New World, he and people like him were confident that a ruler's power does indeed have legal limits, and can be restrained by legal means. This idea of limited government was still fresh, however, and did not spread in continental Europe.
Nicholas on the Corotoman (1628-1672)

In January of the year Nicholas was to attain his majority, he saw his defeated king executed. In September of that year, young Charles II, now a fatherless exile in France, encouraged support among citizens at home by means of royal grants on Virginia's Northern Neck. The idea was to populate that wilderness (See Nell Marilyn Nugent, Cavaliers and Pioneers [1934]). Nicholas was among those who earned land patents from the vast Fairfax grant between the Rappahannock and the Potomac. He received a nominal 50 acres per person in return for transporting apprentices to plant tobacco for him.
His best known neighbors had brought capital from home. John Carter (1620-69), used wealth from his marriage to continental nobility to purchase large tracts along the Rappahannock. Other royal grantees in the neighborhood were Grey Skipwith (1622-1670) and Edward Dale (1624-1695), father-in-law to Thomas Carter, whose son became the wealthiest grandee in Virginia, Robert "King" Carter (1663-1732). Northern Neck families of later fame were the Jeffersons, the Lees, the Madisons, the Masons, the Munroes, the Randolphs, the Washingtons, etc. These were no doubt all loyalists. They belonged to the Church of England, and were at odds with Cromwellian England. But at the same time, they may well have had ambivalent feelings about the English Crown.
A ship venturing out of Chesapeake Bay into the Rappahannock encounters its first tributary and harbor in the Corotoman River. Land patents, leases, and sales from the 1650s and 1660s along the Corotoman refer to Nicholas Haile, Planter. A power of attorney dated in 1654 suggests that he must have already been an individual of some standing and means before he was thirty years old. Later documents attest to dealings with England, including travel(s) and credit for transporting more immigrants to Virginia. He acquired several hundred acres near the present Christ's Church. He was empowered to collect debts for a third party in 1666, was entrusted with the tutelage of his partner's son in 1667, was laid in the stocks for "Uncivil language and deportment to several of the Justices" in 1668.
Nicholas was either lucky in this instance, or redeemed by his status, because in 17th-century Virginia mere pillory was a mild punishment. When Charles Snead and Elizabeth Wig, "havinge been summoned to this Court for comittinge of ye odious sin of fornicacion which they havinge both confessed & acknowledged," Snead was fined five hundred pounds of tobacco and costs, "And ye sd Eliza: Wig to receive twenty stripes upon ye bare shoulders well layen on wth a whip." This particular moral severity should not cause us to compare the settlers along the Rappahannock and Corotoman with their more famous and revered Massachusetts contemporaries. The Puritans are extolled by historians for their sense of purpose and community. Virginians like Nicholas do not come off nearly so well. The way they obtained their land and profited from it, as well as their life style, encouraged "excessive individualism" (T. H. Breen, distinguished professor at Northwestern University), and they are roundly condemned for their independent and allegedly exploitative behavior. While Puritans sat patiently in church, a Virginian might be out at a racetrack, laying a bet on his quarter horse.
The Family

The English country folk displaced to America called themselves "adventurers." Historians refer to them as "gentry." As distinguished from Oliver Cromwell's "roundheads" they were the "cavaliers" who sided with Charles. Station and rank were of paramount importance to them, and these were inseparably associated with the land. Their eagerness to acquire land attracted them to the New World. The same motive soon led to their continued migration. Like many other Virginia families, the Hailes never accommodated to the commercial, industrial, urban outlook and way of life. Land, in the feudal economy which they brought with them out of the Old World, was held only at the pleasure of the king, who received allegiance and rent in return. A similar relationship bound servants to their master, who was the king's proxy. Primogeniture and entail, common in feudal England, had helped motivate emigration, and were among the institutions to be abolished in America. Land acquisition kept these early families restlessly moving on.
Inseparable from land, since time out of mind, has been the labor to work it. The only way for Nicholas to obtain acreage, if not by direct grant from the King, was by guaranteeing the transport of people to Virginia (purchase of land rights did not become possible in Virginia until the very end of the century, under Governor Andros). Perhaps Nicholas was himself a younger son without inheritance, perhaps he was driven out by the Puritan Parliament of Oliver Cromwell. In any case he obtained his patent to acreage along the Corotoman in return for transporting servants to Virginia. For their part, they indentured themselves to him. Bonded servitude continued to supply labor for the family's tobacco production during subsequent generations in Maryland, Virginia, and even in Tennessee as late as the eighteenth century. English servants bonded for a specific term, perhaps four, perhaps seven years, were legally members of their "guardian's" family.
Early Virginians still understood the concept of family in the ancient sense of Greek oikos = "home," or in the compound oikonomia = "household" (whence English "economy"). Like Roman familia, the oikos meant the entire household including servants. In Virginia, Nicholas was bound by law to responsibility for just such an extended family. We must not think of him with his wife and three children as being about like a family in our own neighborhood. Nicholas and his wife took care of the material welfare of the servants they had brought over, and were of course responsible for their occupational training and Christian education. Their understanding of family was nearer to that of ancient Rome, or to a guild master in medieval Europe.
A young Englishman signed an indenture as a way of entering into a livlihood. It was a contract, whose name came from its outward appearance. The terms, stipulating the mutual obligations between apprentice and master, were copied twice on one long sheet. The paper was then cut between the copies so as to leave a wavy or jagged, an "indentured" separation. Thus each end, one for the master and one for the apprentice, was demonstrably a part of the same piece of paper. In America as in England, the indenture recognized the master's need for skilled labor, on the one hand, and the servant's need to learn a skill, on the other.
Growing and harvesting tobacco was a lengthy process comprising several delicate stages. The young man who mastered it could hope for a very profitable future in a colony with plenty of land awaiting him. At the end of his apprenticeship, his master was obliged to help establish him. In the meantime, the master enjoyed the servant's labor and was in turn required to to provide, beyond linens, lodging, and board, instruction in reading, and sometimes ciphering as well. In practice, this meant, in addition to "job training," a thorough grounding in the Bible, and in arithmetic through the "rule of threes."* In short, Nicholas and his wife Mary were in loco parentis to their three children, George, Mary, and Nicholas jr., together with as many servants as they had the energy and means to transport.
e.g., 4:6=10:15
Living Conditions

The colonists by no means left behind them their caste system, which one can observe in England to this day. Position was their most important possession, because it was immutable. Born an aristocrat, one remained so; born a servant, a servant for life. According to the old feudal understanding, one's "condition" bound one also to a distinctive code of behavior. The concept of "honor" had profound implications. This feudal stricture was still understood by the founders (it cost Alexander Hamilton his life), and left traces for several generations in Virginia and other agrarian populations.
Nicholas, whose acreage shows that he brought at least a dozen bonded servants, surely enjoyed a privileged existence as compared with the "huddled masses" of London or the starving wretches on the James River in the early 1600s--or with the great majority of immigrants in his own generation. This does not mean his life on the Corotoman can have been an easy one. The Indians remained a fearful presence, the massacre of 1622 still remembered by most, and that of 1644 by everyone. Cautious separation of Indians and whites was maintained by strict regulations imposed on both. The wilderness beyond the tidewater was mysterious and deadly. Nicholas surely brought along his armor, which included a helmet and probably chain vest and greaves, and of course sword and knives. He had muskets, from our point of view not very reliable, but a terror to the Indians. His residence was probably crude. Archeological digs suggest that early homes near the James River might not have even been above ground, but by Nicholas's day one may have erected something similar to the Virginia farmhouse below.
Brick construction was generally preferred, as it had been in the southwest of England in Nicholas's day. Light was provided by candles of tallow or beeswax. Cooking utensils might be hung in the fireplace.

A family's diet included fruits, fruit pies, and pickled fruit, grains and porridge, game fish and animals. One ate with one's narrow, pointed knife and a ceramic or pewter spoon. Only later did a dinner knife come to table with its broad blade, sometimes even with a broadened tip for transporting food to the mouth. Eventually the fork was borrowed from the kitchen and refined for table use. When cutting meat, the sophisticated fork user did not need to switch hands, but could take his already stabbed morsel directly to the mouth with the left hand, or so it was practiced by Europeans. Americans like Nicholas retained the older habit of switching hands.
Nicholas probably did not himself do field work, but he did have to teach and supervise the entire tedious process of tobacco production. In the beginning, no attempt was made to clear land. The trees were killed by girding them. Corn could be grown on uncleared acreage without the use of draft animals. Tobacco grew best on newground with plenty of sun. Enormous labor was required to bring down the ancient forests, but once that was accomplished a draft animal might be hitched to a horse hoe for scraping the weeds.
Preparation of a seedbed in the last winter months, careful tending of the fragile seedlings through the spring, and a series of transplantings as summer began finally permitted topping the plants so as to produce large tobacco leaves. These had to be regularly trimmed. By summer's end the mature tobacco might stand nine feet high. Harvesting the huge leaves, curing, and packing them were similarly arduous and skilled tasks. Despite formidable difficulties, tobacco brought such windfall profits that early colonists overproduced it, to the neglect of other crops. Fertilizing was not yet practiced, nor was crop rotation. As a consequence, tobacco exhausted a plot after a year or so. This was portentous for subsequent generations.

Tobacco growing provided the first "American Dream" of the good life. It assured the rapid development and advance of American civilization. Tobacco's vast and increasing demands for land laid waste the virgin forests, leached the rich soil, and encouraged slavery. These complaints were made by the growers themselves, Thomas Jefferson for example. Looking back from our day, we may be more impressed by the human lives snuffed out by cancer and other tobacco related diseases than by Jefferson's worries.
Governance

By the time Nicholas arrived in Virginia, Parliament had replaced the the royal government, now exiled. But whether under commonwealth or king (after the Restoration in 1660), the British Empire was all the same for Nicholas: a gigantic for profit organization run by appointees striving for place and favor at home. The colonists proudly regarded themselves as loyal, submissive subjects. "The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina," drawn up in 1669, offer insight into colonial attitude: "for the better settlement of the Government of the said Place, and establishing the interest of the Lords Proprietors with Equality, and without confusion; and that the Government of this Province may be made most agreeable unto the Monarchy under which we live, and of which this province is a part; and that we may avoid erecting a numerous Democracy." The author of this document was presumably the young John Locke, upon whom the founders looked back as champion of human rights.
Nicholas no doubt believed he enjoyed the same liberties as other Englishmen under the constitution and common law. The king agreed. Charles I, for example, after stating that he truly desired the people's liberty and freedom, went on to say, "But I must tell you that their liberty and freedom consists in having of government; those laws by which their life and their goods may be most their own. It is not for having share in government, Sir, that is nothing pertaining to them." Nicholas felt the same authority over his own servants, whose taxes he paid and for whose welfare he was responsible. As to grievances which Nicholas might himself have, these would be addressed to the Governor, William Berkeley, who was supposed to speak up in England for his vassals in America. Berkeley answered to the ministry in London, who deliberated Royal policy. As time passed, some colonists dared argue that they were entitled to participate in decisions affecting them. This claim was treated as absurd: it went without saying that the ministry and each member of Parliament, including Commons, acted always in the interest of the whole empire and never in favor of any particular constituency, much less in self-interest.
Nicholas had come to America while Oliver Cromwell was Lord Protector. Although it is unlikely he favored that Puritan regime, the colonies may have fared well enough under it. After the Restoration in 1660, old Governor William Berkeley resumed his post. Although a good administrator under Charles I, he had grown old, cruel, and arbitrary by the time of his reappointment by Charles II. Like the courtier he was, Sir William valued his colony as a source of both personal and royal revenue (the feudal mind drew no bright line between these two). London dictated what was to be shipped from America. The Navigation Acts of 1660 and 1663 restricted shipments to English bottoms and English ports only, whatever the final destination. That actually made trade among American ports illegal. Tobacco, so profitable during the governor's first administration, had now become an article of contention because of overproduction, lack of quality control, competition with the Dutch and other countries, and failure of the British government to address any of these problems.
II Migration

The first of our American family, Nicholas, came to Virginia to escape the Puritan Roundheads or to seize an opportunity offered by the exiled monarch, perhaps both. He had a tough time of it on the Corotoman, and died in his early forties. His wife survived him by no more than three years, for his elder son was appointed in 1672 as administrator of her estate. This was George. He expanded his father's holdings along the Corotoman and served as Justice in Lancaster County during the 1680s and '90s. He married the daughter of a Captain John Rogers. They had three children.
Updated from WikiTree Genealogy via mother Mary Elizabeth Haile by SmartCopy: Jul 24 2015, 17:54:16 UTC

end of report

Nicholas Haile, Sr.
Also Known As: "Nicholas Hale", "Nicholas Haile", "Nicholas Haele"
Birthdate: 1628 (41)
Birthplace: Kent, England
Death: September 8, 1669 (41)
Lancaster County, Virginia Colony
Immediate Family:

Son of George S. Haile and Mary Haile
Husband of Mary Haile
Father of Capt. George Haile; Richard Haile, of Virginia; Mary Merryman (Haile); Nicholas Haile, Jr.; Joseph Hale and 2 others
Brother of George Hale; Ellin Rogers; John Haile and Thomas Haile
Occupation: Judge
Managed by: Private User
Last Updated: June 15, 2017

About Nicholas Haile (immigrant)

Nicholas Haile is supposed to be easy to trace through Lancaster County, VA records. His name appears many times in land transactions and other public records:

Nicholas is listed in the Colonial Court records of York County, VA, giving his wife's name as Mary.

In York County and Lancaster Counties, Virginia, on 5 May 1654, he can be found giving power of attorney to Dr. Thomas Roots.

In 1654, Nicholas "suffered penalty" regarding a gun in the house of Margaret Grimes, who was the wife of Edward Grimes(Colonial Records, Vol 1, page 163)

Lancaster County, VA Colonial Records, Vol 2, page 120:"Sept 18 1669, upon petition of Nichlas Haile, William Ball Jr....a roadway from the new church to Mr. Fox be...laid out and cleaned by the surveyors for that precinct..." This probably wa the first church to be built in these parts since the people had been going to the "plantation of Mr. David Fox on the hill". The records show it was Nicholas who asked that "a full time preacher be called".

Nicholas patented 500 acres in June 1657 in Lancaster County, VA.

He owned land in York County, VA and 18 May 1660 in Lancaster County, VA, Nicholas owned 738 acres on NW branch of the Corotoman River.(Colonial Abstracts of Lancaster CO. VA,"page 219, 13 March 1671-1672, and Cavalier & Pioneers, page 193, Patent Book #6)

In May 1666 he obtained 234 more acres. Nicholas transported people into Virginia, earning more land.

On 8 Feb 1668, Lancaster County, VA, George and Nicholas Haile witnessed the will of Margaret George.

Robert Pollard "went to England and committed his son Robert Pollard to the tuition of Nicholas Haile, Jan 1667/68."(Colonial Court Records, Vol 2, page 73)

Thos. Gayner of Bristol, England, Merchant, power of attorney to Nicholas Haile to collect debts in Lancaster County, VA, 15 Feb 1668(Colonial Records, Lancaster County, VA, Vol 2, page 72)

In June 1671, Nicholas had in his possession, land for the orphans of John Arding (John Arden).

Mary Haile was the executor for the estate of Nicholas, 8 Nov 1671.George, Mary and Nicholas Jr, each received one third of the two thirds of their father's estate, his wife receiving her one third. After the death of Mary her third was split amongst the three children(Colonial Records Lancaster County, VA, Series 2, Vol 2, page 84)

Mary's death occured between then and 13 March 1671/72, when her son George was ordered to pay Mary Haile King her portion of her parents estates.(Colonial Records, page 219)

BACKGROUND READING

BEGINNINGS IN VIRGINIA AND MARYLAND

Genealogists turned up certain Hailes early in the Jamestown settlement, because that is what they were looking for. Maude Crowe believed she had found such records, and many other people copied them out of Crowe's book, Descendants from First Families of Maryland and Virginia (1978). Crowe cannot really connect known Haile "descendants" with direct forebears in Jamestown.* Still, Jamestown's wretched experience at the beginning of the seventeenth century may have a place in these pages. The disasters there were closely evaluated by later, more successful English who came up the Virginia rivers as well as the Scots Irish who came down out of Pennsylvania. Besides, the Jamestown survivors intermarried among the later Virginia population.
Therefore, you might like to skip my account of the James River colony when the name does first appear (1620), and go straight to the family's earliest demonstrable forbears, by clicking here.
England and America, ca. 1600

The reign of Elizabeth I (1533-1603) was distinguished by energy, learning, independence of Europe, and flamboyant personalities. Among the latter, Sir Walter Raleigh continued an effort initiated by his brother to establish a colony on Roanoke Island in 1585. So far as is known, the 117 men, women and children Raleigh left there had all perished before the next ship's call, in 1591. But the stretch of land which he named Virginia, after his queen, became part of her estate. In that feudal world, the monarch would enfeof her royal domain to loyal subjects. They exercised her absolute authority abroad as at home.

Elizabeth was a popular ruler, both among her people and in her own understanding of sovereignty. More typical of absolutist Europe was her successor, James I (1566-1625), one of the strongest advocates of the divine right of kings. This is the James who commissioned the Authorized Bible that bears his name, as does the river where in 1606 he granted the Virginia Company a charter for settlements. Jamestown was established on the James River in the subsequent year. These plantations were nearly as disastrous as had been the Roanoke attempt. Three quarters of all who shipped out of England over the next fourteen years for Virginia became victims of starvation, disease, and Indian depredations--or were lost at sea. Yet conditions in England were such that incentive to emigrate remained strong. Although thousands of emigrants had perished by 1620, hundreds, even thousands more were coming every year. Most of them came as indentured servants, but many were refugees from the severe punishments under English law, or even convicts; the vast majority were malnourished boys and very young men.

The Virginia Company was predicated on profit. Colonists sent back lumber products, slate, indigo, and eventually ores. They were encouraged to cultivate silk. Europe obtained this cherished material from China, and the greatest hope for Virginia lay in the expectation that China would be found not too far beyond the Appalachians. The most immediate profit came from a plant cultivated by the Indians and immediately beloved throughout Europe, tobacco. King James not only abominated it but wrote his most eloquent tract against its use. Children are still delighted by the account of how a faithful servant of Sir Walter Raleigh, upon glancing at a couch whence smoke was arising, dashed a bucket of water over his lordship.

Conditions in Jamestown were brutal and primitive, and the Virginia Company unprofitable. Nonetheless, in 1619 eight ships arrived with over 1,200 new settlers, this time including marriageable girls. Among the indentured servants sent in this year were the first Negroes (slavery laws did not yet exist). In 1622, the recently friendly Indians coordinated a surprise attack whereby hundreds of colonists up and down the river were massacred at the same moment. This calamity was followed in 1623 by an epidemic of the plague. The failed Virginia Company was dissolved in 1625. Virginia was made a royal colony.


James's successor, Charles I (1609-1649), re-appointed Governor Francis Wyatt, who had come to Virginia in 1620 on the ship Sup[p]ly. Among Wyatt's retinue was a 13-year-old boy named George Hall or George Hale. This is the boy whom Maude Crowe (p. 1) connects with the name George Haile on a document of sale for 300 acres up in Northumberland County, some thirty-odd years later. Crowe does not trace or demonstrate any such coincidence. Actually, Crowe overlooked a "servant" in Jamestown named Thomas Haile. In the 1624 / 25 Jamestown Muster we find not only George Hale / Hall in the James Citty Hundred, age 13 when he arrived on the Supply in 1620, but also Thomas Haile in the West & Sherley Hundred, age 20 when he arrived on the George in 1623.

Genealogists long had the diligence of Maude Crowe to thank for almost all their Haile records. Popular web sites continue to follow Crowe, often without knowing it. They seldom volunteer Crowe any credit, but sometimes they obliquely give her credit, as when they routinely advance her dubious guess about George as if it were a fact, yet remain silent (as Crowe is) about Thomas.

One such web site points to a William Haile (1568-1634) in Hertfordshire (Kings Warden), married to a Rose Bond (1573-1648). They are said to be parents of a George (b. abt. 1602) and a Thomas (b. abt. 1605). According to this particular web site, William's son George turns up in America to sire Crowe's American Hailes. The prosperous region of Hertfordshire, just north of London, did indeed have an old and prominent family of Hales. William Hale was among three Protestants burnt at the stake there in 1554. Richard Hale of Kings Warden founded the Richard Hale School in 1617. It survives to this day. There is obviously no way to deny that this Hertfordshire family could indeed be the progenitors of the Virginia Hailes. But the George who Crowe finds came to Jamestown, like the Thomas Haile whom she did not find, clearly belonged to a servant class. To associate them with the illustrious Richard of the Richard Hale School seems difficult. Genealogists sometimes conclude that the name they have found is the very one they were looking for. Perhaps it may be, but can the documented name be linked to specific progeny? If not, then an American genealogist may sire her own English ancestors.

At the first census, perhaps 25 "plantations," or settlements survived along the James River. They were commonly called hundreds after the old Roman fashion, but contained scarcely more than a score or so men, and maybe no women at all. Beyond mere survival, the task was to produce profitable exports for England. Land for a plantation by royal grant or headright (about 50 acres per head) was available to anyone paying for passage across the Atlantic. Labor, the main cost of a plantation, was commonly obtained by indenture, also in return for passage. Both George Hale / Hall and Thomas Haile were indentured servants. Thomas Haile came over on the Abigail in 1623, which also brought Governor Wyatt's wife (it is also the boat suspected of bringing the plague to Jamestown). A Thomas Haile also appears in 1689 as signatory to a Somerset, Maryland allegiance to the new monarchs William and Mary. By that date, the Jamestown Thomas would have been eighty-five. It is conceivable that there might be a connection between one of these Jamestown fellows from the1620s and the continuous line of Hailes which Crowe does carefully trace after mid-century from Virginia and Maryland down to our Tennessee forebears at Flynn's Lick. Absent evidence for such a connection, however, we cannot even count those two servant boys among Jamestown's lucky survivors, much less as direct progenitors of the family name when it appears some thirty years later, north of the Rappahannock River. The same is true of a Nicholas Haile whom genealogists discover inn Elizabeth City County on the James River.

By the time of the reign of Charles I at the middle of the 17th century the Virginia settlements had spread up and down the James, and also north toward the Pamunkey. To the south, below the Blackwater River, a tributary of the Chowan, lay swampland. The neck north of the Rappahannock was still prohibited. Some genealogists connect a Nicholas Haile with Elizabeth City County. It is true that a very few Jamestown colonists did indeed advance from indentured servitude, like the explorer and Indian trader Abraham Wood, who rose to wealth and distinction, but I discover no link connecting a later Haile family back to this Nicholas--or to any other Jamestown colonist.


Founder of this particular Virginia family was a Nicholas Haile who grew up in England during times so turbulent as to leave a profound influence on young people's thinking. While the original colonists had been struggling to survive in the Virginia settlement named after King James, that monarch himself was absorbed in the dynastic intrigues of Old Europe. Machinations by European royal families constituted the political universe of Nicholas Haile's boyhood. The carryings on of royalty shaped his ideas about what government was, and set the pattern for how he expected rulers to behave. Let us therefore take just a quick look at that political world which Nicholas left behind him. Despite all its complications and despite even its silliness, European history does tell us something about the American settlers who came from there. Patience. It is only five short paragraphs.
Attitudes toward Government

King James's daughter Elizabeth had married the dashing young Palatine Elector, Frederick V, on Valentine's Day of 1613. She was adulated as the Queen of Hearts, and what a handsome couple they were. The young bridegroom was leader of the Protestant Union on the continent. In 1619, the noble estates in Bohemia chose Frederick to be their new king. This disturbed an uneasy balance of power on the European continent.

Perhaps it was a fundamentally religious balance. At the middle of the previous century, the awakening we associate with Luther and Calvin had culminated in that great schism we now call the Protestant Reformation. Thus in Shakespeare's day Frederick's father-in-law, King James, inherited a Protestant kingdom from Queen Elizabeth. James and his new son-in-law were among the eminent Protestant rulers. The great Catholic power was the Holy Roman Empire.

Among the hundreds of principalities in the Empire, seven were distinguished as Electors privileged to choose the emperor. Three of the Electorates belonged to Catholic archbishops and one more, Bohemia, was also under Catholic rule. The remaining three, Brandenburg, Saxony, and Frederick's Palatinate had Protestant princes.

So when young Frederick accepted the Bohemian crown in 1619, that tilted the balance and triggered war. It eventually drew armies from all the Hapsburg lands, including Spain, as well as from the Protestant strongholds in the north, to wreak devastation upon the the middle of Europe. Historians name the catastrophe after its duration: Thirty Years War. By 1622, Imperial forces had driven Elizabeth and Frederick into exile in the Protestant Netherlands. Should her father, King James, now come to their rescue and restore the "Queen of Hearts" to both her thrones?

The royal favorite, George Villiers, said by some also to be King James's lover, advised a marriage between Elizabeth's brother, young Prince Charles, and the Hapsburg Infanta, Maria Anna of Spain. Villiers thought this blessed union might relieve the predicament Elizabeth and her spouse had got themselves into with the Hapsburg Empire, enhance King James's diplomatic prestige, and bring peace to all Europe. In 1623, Villiers and Prince Charles traveled precipitately to Madrid. But negotiations between the English prince and the Spanish monarchy broke down in hostility and mistrust. When the disappointed bridegroom returned home to England, he tried to give the impression that he had jilted his Spanish bride, not the other way around. Villiers even went ahead to launch an unsuccessful attack by sea against Spain. Still, King James entertained ambitions to play an ecumenical rãole among the European dynasties, and wed Prince Charles to Henrietta Maria, daughter of the Catholic French King--much to the dismay of English Protestants.

Such was the impression of royalty with which English boys and girls grew up: dazzling celebrities not so unlike the glamorous but lethal campaigners for power in our own century. In any case, such were the sensations that riveted the attention of Englishmen while Jamestown was struggling to survive.

Legal Assumptions brought by the English to Virginia

Needless to say, James's dynastic adventurism cost a lot. His heir, Charles I, had to beg Parliament for additional revenues in 1625, but Parliament indignantly refused. Charles resorted to interim "loans" from the greater nobility. When these were not all forthcoming, the king imprisoned some of the recalcitrant nobles. Five of them appealed to the ancient lex terrae, the "law of the land." The noblemen claimed they were entitled to due process, that is to say they thought the king was obliged to show cause for the arrest of any free man. Supporters of the king, on the other hand, argued that any royal command was itself the lex terrae. Their argument won the day, and the parsimonious knights were remanded to prison. This was The famous Case of the Five Knights (1627). Parliament debated as to what course to take now. Should they introduce a bill declaring a free man's right to due process? Should they merely remonstrate against the king's arbitrary arrests? This was the sort of problem which lay in the air breathed by Nicholas's parents. In the year of Nicholas's birth, 1628, Parliament passed the Petition of Right, asserting the constitutionality of habeas corpus. Pressed by his war efforts, Charles had to accept its terms.

This was the England in which Nicholas grew up. Like most of the English, his family were monarchists, but they also thought that free men had certain rights. For example, Englishmen were accustomed to being taxed only subject to Parliamentary approval. Much as Americans today revere their Constitution and Declaration of Independence, the English remembered their Great Charter, the Magna Carta, which they had compelled a king to sign in 1215. In the example given above (The Five Knights), they argued from Clause 39: it specifies that free men may be deprived of life, liberty or property only in accordance with the "law of the land," whereby (as attested in ancient writs) the magistrate or arresting officer must "have the person," habeas corpus, before a judge to show cause for the arrest. By the time England at last codified this basic Anglo Saxon protection as The Habeas Corpus Act of 1679, it had already long been respected by those who came to Virginia, or even even engrained as a fundamental character trait. At the time Nicholas was establishing himself in the New World, he and people like him were confident that a ruler's power does indeed have legal limits, and can be restrained by legal means. This idea of limited government was still fresh, however, and did not spread in continental Europe.
Nicholas on the Corotoman (1628-1672)

In January of the year Nicholas was to attain his majority, he saw his defeated king executed. In September of that year, young Charles II, now a fatherless exile in France, encouraged support among citizens at home by means of royal grants on Virginia's Northern Neck. The idea was to populate that wilderness (See Nell Marilyn Nugent, Cavaliers and Pioneers [1934]). Nicholas was among those who earned land patents from the vast Fairfax grant between the Rappahannock and the Potomac. He received a nominal 50 acres per person in return for transporting apprentices to plant tobacco for him.

His best known neighbors had brought capital from home. John Carter (1620-69), used wealth from his marriage to continental nobility to purchase large tracts along the Rappahannock. Other royal grantees in the neighborhood were Grey Skipwith (1622-1670) and Edward Dale (1624-1695), father-in-law to Thomas Carter, whose son became the wealthiest grandee in Virginia, Robert "King" Carter (1663-1732). Northern Neck families of later fame were the Jeffersons, the Lees, the Madisons, the Masons, the Munroes, the Randolphs, the Washingtons, etc. These were no doubt all loyalists. They belonged to the Church of England, and were at odds with Cromwellian England. But at the same time, they may well have had ambivalent feelings about the English Crown.

A ship venturing out of Chesapeake Bay into the Rappahannock encounters its first tributary and harbor in the Corotoman River. Land patents, leases, and sales from the 1650s and 1660s along the Corotoman refer to Nicholas Haile, Planter. A power of attorney dated in 1654 suggests that he must have already been an individual of some standing and means before he was thirty years old. Later documents attest to dealings with England, including travel(s) and credit for transporting more immigrants to Virginia. He acquired several hundred acres near the present Christ's Church. He was empowered to collect debts for a third party in 1666, was entrusted with the tutelage of his partner's son in 1667, was laid in the stocks for "Uncivil language and deportment to several of the Justices" in 1668.

Nicholas was either lucky in this instance, or redeemed by his status, because in 17th-century Virginia mere pillory was a mild punishment. When Charles Snead and Elizabeth Wig, "havinge been summoned to this Court for comittinge of ye odious sin of fornicacion which they havinge both confessed & acknowledged," Snead was fined five hundred pounds of tobacco and costs, "And ye sd Eliza: Wig to receive twenty stripes upon ye bare shoulders well layen on wth a whip." This particular moral severity should not cause us to compare the settlers along the Rappahannock and Corotoman with their more famous and revered Massachusetts contemporaries. The Puritans are extolled by historians for their sense of purpose and community. Virginians like Nicholas do not come off nearly so well. The way they obtained their land and profited from it, as well as their life style, encouraged "excessive individualism" (T. H. Breen, distinguished professor at Northwestern University), and they are roundly condemned for their independent and allegedly exploitative behavior. While Puritans sat patiently in church, a Virginian might be out at a racetrack, laying a bet on his quarter horse.

The Family

The English country folk displaced to America called themselves "adventurers." Historians refer to them as "gentry." As distinguished from Oliver Cromwell's "roundheads" they were the "cavaliers" who sided with Charles. Station and rank were of paramount importance to them, and these were inseparably associated with the land. Their eagerness to acquire land attracted them to the New World. The same motive soon led to their continued migration. Like many other Virginia families, the Hailes never accommodated to the commercial, industrial, urban outlook and way of life. Land, in the feudal economy which they brought with them out of the Old World, was held only at the pleasure of the king, who received allegiance and rent in return. A similar relationship bound servants to their master, who was the king's proxy. Primogeniture and entail, common in feudal England, had helped motivate emigration, and were among the institutions to be abolished in America. Land acquisition kept these early families restlessly moving on.

Inseparable from land, since time out of mind, has been the labor to work it. The only way for Nicholas to obtain acreage, if not by direct grant from the King, was by guaranteeing the transport of people to Virginia (purchase of land rights did not become possible in Virginia until the very end of the century, under Governor Andros). Perhaps Nicholas was himself a younger son without inheritance, perhaps he was driven out by the Puritan Parliament of Oliver Cromwell. In any case he obtained his patent to acreage along the Corotoman in return for transporting servants to Virginia. For their part, they indentured themselves to him. Bonded servitude continued to supply labor for the family's tobacco production during subsequent generations in Maryland, Virginia, and even in Tennessee as late as the eighteenth century. English servants bonded for a specific term, perhaps four, perhaps seven years, were legally members of their "guardian's" family.

Early Virginians still understood the concept of family in the ancient sense of Greek oikos = "home," or in the compound oikonomia = "household" (whence English "economy"). Like Roman familia, the oikos meant the entire household including servants. In Virginia, Nicholas was bound by law to responsibility for just such an extended family. We must not think of him with his wife and three children as being about like a family in our own neighborhood. Nicholas and his wife took care of the material welfare of the servants they had brought over, and were of course responsible for their occupational training and Christian education. Their understanding of family was nearer to that of ancient Rome, or to a guild master in medieval Europe.

A young Englishman signed an indenture as a way of entering into a livlihood. It was a contract, whose name came from its outward appearance. The terms, stipulating the mutual obligations between apprentice and master, were copied twice on one long sheet. The paper was then cut between the copies so as to leave a wavy or jagged, an "indentured" separation. Thus each end, one for the master and one for the apprentice, was demonstrably a part of the same piece of paper. In America as in England, the indenture recognized the master's need for skilled labor, on the one hand, and the servant's need to learn a skill, on the other.

Growing and harvesting tobacco was a lengthy process comprising several delicate stages. The young man who mastered it could hope for a very profitable future in a colony with plenty of land awaiting him. At the end of his apprenticeship, his master was obliged to help establish him. In the meantime, the master enjoyed the servant's labor and was in turn required to to provide, beyond linens, lodging, and board, instruction in reading, and sometimes ciphering as well. In practice, this meant, in addition to "job training," a thorough grounding in the Bible, and in arithmetic through the "rule of threes."* In short, Nicholas and his wife Mary were in loco parentis to their three children, George, Mary, and Nicholas jr., together with as many servants as they had the energy and means to transport.
e.g., 4:6=10:15

Living Conditions


The colonists by no means left behind them their caste system, which one can observe in England to this day. Position was their most important possession, because it was immutable. Born an aristocrat, one remained so; born a servant, a servant for life. According to the old feudal understanding, one's "condition" bound one also to a distinctive code of behavior. The concept of "honor" had profound implications. This feudal stricture was still understood by the founders (it cost Alexander Hamilton his life), and left traces for several generations in Virginia and other agrarian populations.

Nicholas, whose acreage shows that he brought at least a dozen bonded servants, surely enjoyed a privileged existence as compared with the "huddled masses" of London or the starving wretches on the James River in the early 1600s--or with the great majority of immigrants in his own generation. This does not mean his life on the Corotoman can have been an easy one. The Indians remained a fearful presence, the massacre of 1622 still remembered by most, and that of 1644 by everyone. Cautious separation of Indians and whites was maintained by strict regulations imposed on both. The wilderness beyond the tidewater was mysterious and deadly. Nicholas surely brought along his armor, which included a helmet and probably chain vest and greaves, and of course sword and knives. He had muskets, from our point of view not very reliable, but a terror to the Indians. His residence was probably crude. Archeological digs suggest that early homes near the James River might not have even been above ground, but by Nicholas's day one may have erected something similar to the Virginia farmhouse below.
Brick construction was generally preferred, as it had been in the southwest of England in Nicholas's day. Light was provided by candles of tallow or beeswax. Cooking utensils might be hung in the fireplace.

A family's diet included fruits, fruit pies, and pickled fruit, grains and porridge, game fish and animals. One ate with one's narrow, pointed knife and a ceramic or pewter spoon. Only later did a dinner knife come to table with its broad blade, sometimes even with a broadened tip for transporting food to the mouth. Eventually the fork was borrowed from the kitchen and refined for table use. When cutting meat, the sophisticated fork user did not need to switch hands, but could take his already stabbed morsel directly to the mouth with the left hand, or so it was practiced by Europeans. Americans like Nicholas retained the older habit of switching hands.

Nicholas probably did not himself do field work, but he did have to teach and supervise the entire tedious process of tobacco production. In the beginning, no attempt was made to clear land. The trees were killed by girding them. Corn could be grown on uncleared acreage without the use of draft animals. Tobacco grew best on newground with plenty of sun. Enormous labor was required to bring down the ancient forests, but once that was accomplished a draft animal might be hitched to a horse hoe for scraping the weeds.
Preparation of a seedbed in the last winter months, careful tending of the fragile seedlings through the spring, and a series of transplantings as summer began finally permitted topping the plants so as to produce large tobacco leaves. These had to be regularly trimmed. By summer's end the mature tobacco might stand nine feet high. Harvesting the huge leaves, curing, and packing them were similarly arduous and skilled tasks. Despite formidable difficulties, tobacco brought such windfall profits that early colonists overproduced it, to the neglect of other crops. Fertilizing was not yet practiced, nor was crop rotation. As a consequence, tobacco exhausted a plot after a year or so. This was portentous for subsequent generations.

Tobacco growing provided the first "American Dream" of the good life. It assured the rapid development and advance of American civilization. Tobacco's vast and increasing demands for land laid waste the virgin forests, leached the rich soil, and encouraged slavery. These complaints were made by the growers themselves, Thomas Jefferson for example. Looking back from our day, we may be more impressed by the human lives snuffed out by cancer and other tobacco related diseases than by Jefferson's worries.

Governance

By the time Nicholas arrived in Virginia, Parliament had replaced the the royal government, now exiled. But whether under commonwealth or king (after the Restoration in 1660), the British Empire was all the same for Nicholas: a gigantic for profit organization run by appointees striving for place and favor at home. The colonists proudly regarded themselves as loyal, submissive subjects. "The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina," drawn up in 1669, offer insight into colonial attitude: "for the better settlement of the Government of the said Place, and establishing the interest of the Lords Proprietors with Equality, and without confusion; and that the Government of this Province may be made most agreeable unto the Monarchy under which we live, and of which this province is a part; and that we may avoid erecting a numerous Democracy." The author of this document was presumably the young John Locke, upon whom the founders looked back as champion of human rights.

Nicholas no doubt believed he enjoyed the same liberties as other Englishmen under the constitution and common law. The king agreed. Charles I, for example, after stating that he truly desired the people's liberty and freedom, went on to say, "But I must tell you that their liberty and freedom consists in having of government; those laws by which their life and their goods may be most their own. It is not for having share in government, Sir, that is nothing pertaining to them." Nicholas felt the same authority over his own servants, whose taxes he paid and for whose welfare he was responsible. As to grievances which Nicholas might himself have, these would be addressed to the Governor, William Berkeley, who was supposed to speak up in England for his vassals in America. Berkeley answered to the ministry in London, who deliberated Royal policy. As time passed, some colonists dared argue that they were entitled to participate in decisions affecting them. This claim was treated as absurd: it went without saying that the ministry and each member of Parliament, including Commons, acted always in the interest of the whole empire and never in favor of any particular constituency, much less in self-interest.

Nicholas had come to America while Oliver Cromwell was Lord Protector. Although it is unlikely he favored that Puritan regime, the colonies may have fared well enough under it. After the Restoration in 1660, old Governor William Berkeley resumed his post. Although a good administrator under Charles I, he had grown old, cruel, and arbitrary by the time of his reappointment by Charles II. Like the courtier he was, Sir William valued his colony as a source of both personal and royal revenue (the feudal mind drew no bright line between these two). London dictated what was to be shipped from America. The Navigation Acts of 1660 and 1663 restricted shipments to English bottoms and English ports only, whatever the final destination. That actually made trade among American ports illegal. Tobacco, so profitable during the governor's first administration, had now become an article of contention because of overproduction, lack of quality control, competition with the Dutch and other countries, and failure of the British government to address any of these problems.

II Migration

The first of our American family, Nicholas, came to Virginia to escape the Puritan Roundheads or to seize an opportunity offered by the exiled monarch, perhaps both. He had a tough time of it on the Corotoman, and died in his early forties. His wife survived him by no more than three years, for his elder son was appointed in 1672 as administrator of her estate. This was George. He expanded his father's holdings along the Corotoman and served as Justice in Lancaster County during the 1680s and '90s. He married the daughter of a Captain John Rogers. They had three children.


Updated from WikiTree Genealogy via mother Mary Elizabeth Haile by SmartCopy: Jul 24 2015, 17:54:16 UTC

end of biography

Alt Death:
in the Tidewater Area...

Buried:
unknown burial site...

Nicholas married Mary Travers in 1654. Mary (daughter of Captain Raleigh Travers and Hanna Frances Ball) was born in 1630 in Kent, England; died on 11 Aug 1671 in Lancaster, Lancaster County, Virginia. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alt Birth: 1634, Waddington, Kent, England

Notes:

Mary Haile formerly Travers
Born 1634 in Waddington, Kent, England
ANCESTORS ancestors
Daughter of Raleigh Travers and Hanna Frances (Ball) Travers
Sister of William Travers [half], Elizabeth (Travers) Cave [half], John Travers [half], John Hannah Travers [half], Elizabeth (Travers) Wormeley [half], Million (Travers) Downman [half] and Giles Travers [half]
Wife of Nicholas Haile — married 1654 [location unknown]
DESCENDANTS descendants
Mother of Francis Haile, Mary (Haile) Merryman, Joseph Hale and George (Heale) Hale
Died 11 Aug 1671 in Lancaster, Lancaster Co., Colony of Virginia

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Travers-20 created 30 Dec 2010 | Last modified 9 Aug 2019

This page has been accessed 2,696 times.
Biography
Mary Travers was born about 1632 of Rawleigh Travers (b: 1611, England) and mother: Elizabeth Stevens (b: 1615, England) in Kent Co, England, Raleigh Travers Hanna Ball Family Data Collection - Individual Records, Edmund West, comp., Online at Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2000.

Nicholas Hale Birth1620; Spouse Mary Birth1620 were married 1655 http://trees.ancestry.com/rd?f=sse&db=worldmarr_ga&h=510747&ti=0&indiv=try&gss=pt Mary married 1654-05-05 in Essex, Virginia to Nicholas Haile [1]

They had children (need to be verified):

Child: Francis Haile
Child: Nicholas Hale
Child: George Haile
Child: George Haile
Child: John Hale
Child: Richard Haile
Child: Mary Haile
Child: Francis Hale
Child: Nicholas Haile
Mary Haile passed away about passed away August 11, 1671 in Lancaster Co, VA. or Death date: 1668

Notes
Rawleigh Travers and Elizabeth ( ???), widow of Thomas Stephens, married AFTER the death of Thomas Stephens who died in 1654. Please note:
1. There is no mention of a daughter, Mary.
2. Mary (???) Hale was having children BEFORE Rawleigh and Elizabeth married.[2]
Sources
? U.S. and International Marriage Records, 1560-1900
? http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/HALE/2002-01/1010686806
Rootsweb Archives - Hale from Linda Lawhon
First-hand information as remembered by Donna Glover, Friday, January 10, 2014.
Vicki Gann, firsthand knowledge.
Source: S1658871532 Repository: #R-2145023627 Ancestry Family Trees Publication: Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com. Original data: Family Tree files submitted by Ancestry members. Ancestry Family Tree http://trees.ancestry.com/pt/AMTCitationRedir.aspx?tid=4151977&pid=2799
Repository: R-2145023627 Ancestry.com Note:

end of this profile

Notes:

Re: Frances Garrett & Mary Dennis / 1600's

Posted by: loratx, loratindal@aol.com

Date: May 25, 1999 at 07:03:48

In Reply to: Re: Frances Garrett & Mary Dennis / 1600's by Deborah Smith
of 6813

I, too, descend through Frances Garrett and Nicholas Hale. Frances Garrett's father, Dennis Garrett b abt 1652, was murdered by Capt. John Oldton. Oldton was sentenced to death for his crime, but was later pardoned by the king. Dennis's wife, Barbara Stone then married John Broad.

Frances Garrett & Mary Dennis / 1600's
Posted by: Nancy Ohda Date: September 10, 1998 at 15:36:51
of 7475


Is anyone researching this line? I believe their son, Dennis Garrett married Barbara Stone about 1667. Dennis was murdered in 1691. Their daughter, Frances Garrett married Nicholas Haile.



Posted By: Nancy Hutchison
Email: sancouci@mail2.quiknet.com
Subject: Re: Nicholas Hale & Ann Long
Post Date: July 16, 1999 at 07:34:54
Message URL: http://genforum.genealogy.com/hale/messages/1076.html
Forum: Hale Family Genealogy Forum
Forum URL: http://genforum.genealogy.com/hale/


Information I have is Frances Garrett's father, Dennis Garrett, was murdered 1 Sep 1691 in Baltimore Co.,Md. I have the name of who killed him in my files. He was convicted, but the king commuted his death sentence. Dennis's widow Barbara (Stone) m 2nd a Mr. Broad. One source said Thomas, more have said John Broad.
Nancy Hutchison






Died:
Murdered in by John Oulton in

Dennis married Barbara Stone about 1667. Barbara (daughter of Dr. Thomas Stone and Christina Parrish) was born on 5 Mar 1654 in Baltimore, Baltimore County, Province of Maryland; died on 9 Jan 1732 in St. Paul's Parish, Baltimore County, Province of Maryland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Posted By: Margaret Smith
Email: ke14warner@aol.com
Subject: Thomas Stone Deed to Barbara Garrett and children 1691/92.
Post Date: March 21, 2008 at 18:57:47
Message URL: http://genforum.genealogy.com/garrett/messages/7421.html
Forum: Garrett Family Genealogy Forum
Forum URL: http://genforum.genealogy.com/garrett/


Does anyone have a copy of the original deed where Thomas Stone (b. c1650 in MD)son of Gov. William Stone, gave his half of the 100 acre tract called Long Island Point to the wife of Dennis Garrett and her children by Dennis Garrett in 1691/2? Or does anyone know where I can find one?

There are so many second, third, fourth etc. hand references to it, but nowhere have I read the original deed quoted word for word from beginning to end.

Thanks,
Margaret

Notes:

Includes NotesNotes for Thomas Long:
BIRTH-MARRIAGE-DEATH: Baltimore County Families by Robert Barnes;1659-1746; p 409; Santa Clara Public Library.

LAND: Maryland Genealogical Bulletin, Vol. 9, p. 45: Land grant in 1689 to Thomas Long and wife from John Hails, 136 acres at Pt. Dickerson.

Ibid. Vol. 12 p. 25: Land Grants Baltimore Co. MD, 1682, Thomas Pert from Thomas Long and wife, 100 acres in Norwich; 1674, John Leakins from Thomas Long, "Rich Neck", 74 acres; 1671 - Thomas Long from Peter Sterling, Power of attorney.

More About Thomas Long:
Identifier Number: 4436.
Record Change: 11 May 2004

More About Thomas Long and Mary:
Marriage: Abt. 1676, of Baltimore Co., Maryland.

Thomas married Mary LNU about 1676 in Baltimore County, Province of Maryland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Alt Birth: 16 Jul 1601, Kent, England
• Alt Birth: 1602, Bristol, Gloucestershire, England
• Alt Birth: 30 Jul 1602, Kent, England
• Immigration: 1630
• Alt Death: 1631, Northumberland County, Virginia
• Alt Death: 1660, Northumberland County, Virginia
• Alt Death: 12 Jan 1697, Lancaster County, Virginia

Notes:

I disconnected the link between George and his father, William, http://thehennesseefamily.com/getperson.php?personID=I43971&tree=hennessee, as their kinship is highly unlikely...DAH

George Hale
Also Known As: "William", "Haile"
Birthdate: circa 1600
Birthplace: Probably Kent, England
Death: November 08, 1671 (66-75)
Probably Reedville, Northumberland County, Province of Virginia
Immediate Family:
Husband of Mary Haile
Father of George Hale, Jr.; Ellin Rogers; John Haile; Nicholas Haile (immigrant) and Thomas Haile
Occupation: drummer, indentured servant
Immigration Year: 1620
Managed by: Private User
Last Updated: January 9, 2019
View Complete Profile
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About George Hale, of Jamestown
No proof that this George Hale is the father of Nicholas Haile (immigrant)

George Hale, said to have been the son of William Hale, Esq., of King's Walden, and wife Rose Bond, was born July 13, 1601 in Hertfordshire, England. Many believe that he was the original Hale or Hale emigrant to Virginia. This is not well proven, but more information is below.

Those who do not believe that this is the emigrant point out that this George was the son of a well-to-do landowner from Hertfordshire and the emigrant was an indentured servant. Also, George the emigrant is believed to be from Kent, not from Hertfordshire.

See also:

The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Volume 35 (available as Google e-book)
==========
George Hale (or Haile) left Bristol, England on the ship "Supply" and arrived in "James Cittie" (Jamestown), Virginia in 1620. George was an indentured servant. He married a young woman of English blood in 1626 and had a son, Nicholas, in 1628. Grandson Nicholas went to Baltimore with his sister Mary (Heale) King after Nicholas' death in 1671.

http://www.geocities.com/awoodlief/hale.html

Nicholas was born in 1628 near Elizabeth City VA. His father was George Hale who sailed from Bristol Eng. in 1620 on the Supply and is listed as "George Hale, a drummer, age 18 years." He landed at Elizabeth City in the fall and lived with Sir Wyatt Governor of the colony. George was born in 1601 at Kings Walden, Hertfordshire,England at the Hale Manor House (which they owned 1575-1898). His father was William, son of Richard (1536-1620), whose father was Thomas of Codicote , whose father was Edward Hales, whose father was Gilbert Hales, whose father was Henry Hales , whose father was Thomas Hales , whose father was Nicholas Hales, whose father was Nicholas Hales of Hales Place Halden in the County of Kent, England. [hmmm--there had to be some mothers in there too!] George Haile's wife was named Elizabeth. They had three sons; Francis, Nicholas and Thomas. Francis was the father of Capt. Richard Haile of his majesty's Dragoons and his wife was named Jane; Richard m. Mary, fathered John Haiale of South Farnham Parrish in Essex County. The children of John Haile and Mary Fullerton are john, Francis (--d. Bedford, 1780, m. Adara Meador), Thomas, Benjamin, Mary, and Susanna. [buffalojwh@aol.com].

Ancestors beyond this individual may not be accurate.
Updated from WikiTree Genealogy via wife Mary Elizabeth Haile by SmartCopy: Jul 24 2015, 17:54:16 UTC

end of report

About George Haile

George Hale, son of William Hale, Esq., of King's Walden, and wife Rose Bond, was born July 13, 1601 in Hertfordshire, England. Many believe that he was the original Hale or Hale emigrant to Virginia. This is not well proven, but more information is below.
Those who do not believe that this is the emigrant point out that this George was the son of a well-to-do landowner from Hertfordshire and the emigrant was an indentured servant. Also, George the emigrant is believed to be from Kent, not from Hertfordshire.

See also: The New England Historical and Genealogical Register, Volume 35 (available as Google e-book)
==========
George Hale (or Haile) left Bristol, England on the ship "Supply" and arrived in "James Cittie" (Jamestown), Virginia in 1620. George was an indentured servant. He married a young woman of English blood in 1626 and had a son, Nicholas, in 1628. Grandson Nicholas went to Baltimore with his sister Mary (Heale) King after Nicholas' death in 1671.


Nicholas was born in 1628 near Elizabeth City VA. His father was George Hale who sailed from Bristol Eng. in 1620 on the Supply and is listed as "George Hale, a drummer, age 18 years." He landed at Elizabeth City in the fall and lived with Sir Wyatt Governor of the colony. George was born in 1601 at Kings Walden, Hertfordshire,England at the Hale Manor House (which they owned 1575-1898).

His father was William, son of Richard (1536-1620), whose father was Thomas of Codicote , whose father was Edward Hales, whose father was Gilbert Hales, whose father was Henry Hales , whose father was Thomas Hales , whose father was Nicholas Hales, whose father was Nicholas Hales of Hales Place Halden in the County of Kent, England. [hmmm--there had to be some mothers in there too!]

George Haile's wife was named Elizabeth. They had three sons; Francis, Nicholas and Thomas. Francis was the father of Capt. Richard Haile of his majesty's Dragoons and his wife was named Jane;
Richard m. Mary, fathered John Haiale of South Farnham Parrish in Essex County. The children of John Haile and Mary Fullerton are john, Francis (--d. Bedford, 1780, m. Adara Meador), Thomas, Benjamin, Mary, and Susanna. [buffalojwh@aol.com ].

Ancestors beyond this individual may not be accurate.

Updated from WikiTree Genealogy via wife Mary Elizabeth Haile by SmartCopy : Jul 24 2015, 17:54:16 UTC

added 18 May 2011

Re: George Haile (Hall, Hale, Heale) d. aft. 6/22/1652
Posted by: Jared Hale (ID *****9651)
Date: January 22, 2011 at 21:41:58
In Reply to: George Haile (Hall, Hale, Heale) d. aft. 6/22/1652 by William Culverhouse of 623

The only information I have is:

George Haile Born about 1602 in Bristol, England. He was a passenger on the Ship "Supply" that landed in Virginia in 1620. His occupation was a Drummer or Salesman. He married around 1626, wife unknown. His known children were John, Thomas and Nicholas Haile Senior. He died about 1662 in Lancaster County, Virginia.

Other people on ancestry.com say his father was Nicholas Haile, but I have no clue if that is right or not.

DISCLAIMER:

Ed Haile
Date: January 01, 2001 at 17:18:55
In Reply to: Re: George Haile(Hale) 1602(Eng)-ca1650(VA) by Linda Lawhon of 623

I am a seventh generation decendant of the first Nicholas Haile of Virginia. I was personally acquainted with Maude Crowe. She did us all a great disservice with her sloppy research and by making a completely unwarranted connection with the drummer boy on the Supply. There is no documentation to support this. I have never seen any reliable link beyond the first Nicholas going back to England. Unfortunately the internet spreads a lot of misleading information.


Hale name meaning

English (also well established in South Wales): topographic name for someone who lived in a nook or hollow, from Old English and Middle English hale, dative of h(e)alh ‘nook’, ‘hollow’. In northern England the word often has a specialized meaning, denoting a piece of flat alluvial land by the side of a river, typically one deposited in a bend. In southeastern England it often referred to a patch of dry land in a fen. In some cases the surname may be a habitational name from any of the several places in England named with this fossilized inflected form, which would originally have been preceded by a preposition, e.g. in the hale or at the hale.

Immigration:
to The American Colonies on the ship, "Supply"

Alt Death:
in the Tidewater Area...

George married Mary Elizabeth Blood in 1626 in Bristol, England. Mary was born in 1602 in Bristol, England; died in 1672 in Lancaster County, Virginia. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Mary Elizabeth (Blood) Haile (1602 - 1672)
Privacy Level: Open (White)
Mary (Blood) Haile's Profile Edit Images Family Tree & Tools Changes Privacy
Mary Elizabeth Haile formerly Blood
Born 1602 in Bristol, Somerset, England
Daughter of [father unknown] and [mother unknown]
[sibling(s) unknown]
Wife of George Haile — married [date unknown] [location unknown]
DESCENDANTS descendants
Mother of George Hale, Ellin Haile, Audrey (Haile) Carter, John Haile, Nicholas Haile and Thomas Haile
Died 1672 in Lancaster, Virginia
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Blood-803 created 7 Mar 2017 | Last modified 10 Jul 2019
This page has been accessed 740 times.
[categories]
Mary cannot have been daughter of Colonel Thomas Blood as she was born before he was.

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Sources
WikiTree profile Haile-94 created through the import of altic Family Tree.ged on Aug 3, 2011 by Todd Altic. See the Changes page for the details of edits by Todd and others.
Source: S-2127977101 Repository: #R-2127977102 Title: Ancestry Family Trees Publication: Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com. Original data: Family Tree files submitted by Ancestry members. Note: This information comes from 1 or more individual Ancestry Family Tree files. This source citation points you to a current version of those files. Note: The owners of these tree files may have removed or changed information since this source citation was created. Page: Ancestry Family Trees Note: Data: Text: http://trees.ancestry.com/pt/AMTCitationRedir.aspx?tid=8544673&pid=2010
Repository: R-2127977102 Name: Ancestry.com Address: http://www.Ancestry.com Note:


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On 13 May 2018 at 16:24 GMT C. Mackinnon wrote:

Have disconnected Mary b1602 from Colonel Thomas Blood b1618. She cannot have been his daughter
[Thank C. for this] [reply on C.'s page]
On 7 Apr 2018 at 10:57 GMT C. Mackinnon wrote:

Mary daughter of Colonel Thomas Blood married a man called Corbett. Thepeerage.com Cites Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh. Burke's Irish Family Records. London, U.K.: Burkes Peerage Ltd, 1976.
[Thank C. for this] [reply on C.'s page]
On 7 Apr 2018 at 08:06 GMT C. Mackinnon wrote:

Her sons have a DOB about the same as her father. This parentage is clearly in error. Should it be removed?
[Thank C. for this] [reply on C.'s page]
On 31 Dec 2017 at 22:41 GMT Sue (Howard) Ison wrote:

I don't think Mary is a child of THIS Thomas and Mary Holcroft Blood. I can't find her listed for them. AND she was born before them.
[Thank Sue for this] [reply on Sue's page]
On 7 Mar 2017 at 18:23 GMT Beverly (Davis) Ahrens wrote:

Blood-803 and Haile-94 appear to represent the same person because: Same lineage
[Thank Beverly for this] [reply on Beverly's page]

end of report

Notes:

Captain Raleigh Travers
Born after 1600 in England
ANCESTORS ancestors
Son of John Travers and Million (Wadde) Travers
[sibling(s) unknown]
Husband of Elizabeth Cole (Hussey) Travers — married [date unknown] [location unknown]
Husband of Hanna Frances (Ball) Travers — married [date unknown] [location unknown]
Husband of Elizabeth (Stevenson) Travers — married [date unknown] [location unknown]
DESCENDANTS descendants
Father of Mary (Travers) Haile, William Travers, Elizabeth (Travers) Cave, John Hannah Travers, John Travers, Elizabeth (Travers) Wormeley, Million (Travers) Downman and Giles Travers
Died 14 May 1670 in Richmond, Wise, Virginia, Colonial America

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Travers-12 created 12 Sep 2010 | Last modified 1 Dec 2017
This page has been accessed 3,084 times.
Contents
[hide]
1 Biography
2 NOTE
3 Sources
4 Acknowledgements
Biography
Raleigh Travers was born about 1608. He passed away in 1649.

Story: Raliegh Travers - Posted by WoodCMeade Rawleigh Travers was born about 1673 in Richmond County, Virginia. Rawleigh's father was William Travers and his mother was Rebecca Hussey . He had two brothers named Williamand Samuel . He was the youngest of the three children. He died about 1701 in Richmond County, Virginia .

1692, 2 Dec: Rawleigh TRAVERS of Richmond Co., VA, Gent., one of ye sons of Colo. Wm. TRAVERS late of Rappahannock Co., deced, Whereas my said Father inter alia dyed seized of a certain divident or Tract of lande in Stafford Co. upon ye head of Doeggs Creeke containinge 786 acres of lands as by ye Survey & Pattent will appeare writ Pattent beares date 22 Mar 1677 recorded in ye Secretaries Office and forasmuch as that ye aforesaid Divident of 786 acres of land by dissent in Law came & descended to Samll. of Richmond aforesaid Eldest Brother to me ye said Rawleigh & heir at law to my said Father wch aforesaid Samll. TRAVERSE in consideration of his Brotherly love and naturall affection to me ye said Rawleigh TRAVERSE did sell and sett over in fee simple to me ye said Rawleigh as appeares by his Deed of Conveyance to me executed & recorded in Rappahannock Co. Court records, Now Know yee that I ye said Rawleigh TRAVERSE for ye sume of 5000 poundes of Tobacco in hande paid mee by Wm. LAMBERT of Northumberland Co., Planter, have sold unto ye said Wm. LAMBERT his heires & assignes ye uppermost 200 acres of ye said Divident, bounded begininge alt an old marked pohickorie standings at ye head of Dogues Creeke close by ye Horse Road Cove and against a great branch that is on ye Northeast of said Creeke and extendinge into ye woods accordinge to ye Pattent North West by a line of trees West South West to a Corner tree to bee marked & from thence North East & by East to ye above mentioned pohickorie. Signed Rawleige TRAVERSE. Wits. George BRENT, John PYKE. Rawleigh TRAVERSE doe by these presents authorize my good friende & Kinsman Mr. Rawleigh TRAVERSE of Ocouakeeke in Stafford Co. my true & Lawfull Atturney to acknowledge my Deed of Sale in Stafford Court to William LAMBERT or his Atturney. Signed Taw. TRAVERSE. Wits. George BRENT, John PYKE. Rawleigh TRAVERSE ye Atturney of ye above said Rawleigh TRAVERSE came into Court 14 Dec 1692 and acknowledged ye above said Deed of Sale.

Mr. Rawleigh Travers, first appears in Virginia, 1653, when he received 300 a. south side Rappahannock; then as witness to a deed in Lancaster Co., 1658. he m. cir., 1640, Elizabeth ---. Was she a Hussey or a Cole? He and his wife Elizabeth executed a dee in Essex Co., 1661. He received, Dec 29, 1662, a pat. for 300 a. W. side Morattico Creek, Lanc'r Co. (L. Bk. V., 147.) Also 3650 a. S. side Potomac R. on Potomac Crk., adjoining lands of Capt Brent, and granted, 1662, to Col. Gerard Fowke, and by him assigned to Travers, 1663, confirmed Oct. 24, 1665. (V., 521.) Also, Sep. 12, 1668, for 12 persons, 500 a. S. side Rapp'k Co. (VI. 194.) He was Burgess for Lanc'r Co. 1663-6. In Hen. II. 197, he appears as 'Mr. Rawleigh frances', but on p.205 'Mr. Rawleigh Traverse' was excused for sickness, the name 'frances', being evidently a typographical error.

[Page 344] Travers, Raleigh, patented land on Rappahannock river in 1653; justice of the peace for Lancaster county in 1656; burgess for Lancaster in 1651, 1661, 1665, 1666 and 1669. He was lieutenant-colonel of the Lancaster militia. He died before 1674, as in that year his widow Elizabeth married Robert Beckingham. He was brother of Colonel William Travers, of Richmond county.

Birth: Bef 1640[1]
Date: 1640
Place: Stafford, Virginia, USA[2]
Name
Rawleigh Travers[3]
Residence
1653 - Virginia[4]
Occupation
1663: Burgess of Lancaster Co[5]
Death: Uncertain[6]
Date: 1670
Place: Old Rappahannock, VA
Age: 47-48[7]
NOTE
do not merge with his other spouse of the same name, Elizabeth Travers, who may be of two generations involved here. The children of each cannot be the those of the spouse and mother of those attributed to her.

Removed Raliegh Travers (1622) as son of William Travers (1644), it was causing a loop. Bairfield-1 12:21, 1 August 2014 (EDT)

Sources
? Hayden, p. 299, retrieved 2014-08-01, amb
? Source: #S1
? Hayden, p. 299
? Hayden, p. 299
? Hayden, p. 299
? Hayden, p. 299
? Source: #S1
WikiTree profile Travers-119 created through the import of 46l4cb_2617164eb9pf478824cdl0.ged on Oct 17, 2012 by John Drinkwater. See the Changes page for the details of edits by John and others.
http://vagenweb.org/tylers_bios/vol1-33.htm
http://www.uk.mundia.com/gb/Person/25453599/2059805058
Virginia Genealogies, by Horace Edwin Hayden, P.296, 299
Horace Edwin Hayden, Virginia Genealogies: A Genealogy of the Glassell Family of Scotland
Source: S1 Page: Database online. Data: Text: Record for Million Travers Quality or Certainty of Data: 0. Record ID Number: MH:S1 User ID: 31B6BA9E-4B2E-40FE-AE3D-8F4D939DC90C Author: Ancestry.com Title: Public Member Trees Publication: Name: Ancestry.com Operations Inc; Location: Provo, UT, USA; Date: 2006;
Acknowledgements
Travers-313 was created by Vick Miles through the import of Vicktory_Lap_2014-03-06_01_FULL.ged on Jan 4, 2015. '

This person was created through the import of Tribal Pages 0004.ged on 25 March 2011. The following data was included in the gedcom. You may wish to edit it for readability.

Please edit, add, or delete anything in this text, including this note. Be bold and experiment! If you make a mistake you can always see the previous version of the text on the Changes page.

end of this biography

About Raleigh Travers

Links

Virginia genealogies: a genealogy of the Glassell family of Scotland and ... By Horace Edwin Hayden. Page 299

1622 (Present Stafford County), Virginia Colony, (Present USA) Death: February 20, 1700 (78) Richmond County, Virginia Colony, (Present USA) Immediate Family: Son of William Travers, II and Rebecca Brook Hussey Rawleigh Husband of Elizabeth Cole Travers (Hussey) and Hannah Pearson

Father of Mary Haile (Travers); William Travers; Giles Travers; John Travers; Million Travers and 1 other Half brother of Unknown Baby Travis; William Travis, III; Mathew Travis; Thomas Travis; Rebecca Travis and 1 other

Raleigh married Hanna Frances Ball. Hanna was born in 1609 in (England); died in 1648 in (Virginia). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Questionable & unlikely that he was from Gravesend as Gravesend was a major debarkation point for immigrants traveling to the Virginia colonies...DAH
_________

Re: Frances Garrett & Mary Dennis / 1600's

Posted by: loratx

Date: May 25, 1999 at 06:56:57

In Reply to: Re: Frances Garrett & Mary Dennis / 1600's by Deborah Smith
of 6821

Dennis Garrett's parents were Francis Garrett and Mary Dennis. Barbara Stone's parents were Thomas Stone and Christiana, surname unknown. Check Baltimore Co., MD, Families 1659-1759 by Robert W. Barnes 1989, pp 70-71 and 243. Also, Descendants of First Families of VA and MD, and Baltimore Co., MD Court Records.

Francis married Mary Dennis(England). Mary (daughter of John Dennis and Barbara LNU) was born in (CIRCA 1610) in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: Physician

Notes:

Re: Frances Garrett & Mary Dennis / 1600's

Posted by: loratx

Date: May 25, 1999 at 06:56:57

In Reply to: Re: Frances Garrett & Mary Dennis / 1600's by Deborah Smith
of 6821


Dennis Garrett's parents were Francis Garrett and Mary Dennis. Barbara Stone's parents were Thomas Stone and Christiana, surname unknown. Check Baltimore Co., MD, Families 1659-1759 by Robert W. Barnes 1989, pp 70-71 and 243. Also, Descendants of First Families of VA and MD, and Baltimore Co., MD Court Records.

Thomas married Christina Parrish in (~ 1653) in (Accomack County, Virginia Colony). Christina was born in 0___ 1632 in (England); died in 0___ 1710 in Baltimore, Baltimore County, Province of Maryland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Thomas married Katherine Edwards. Katherine (daughter of Robert Edwards and Susan Gore) was born in 0___ 1617 in London, Middlesex, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

John married Million Wadde. Million was born in 1580 in Hedon, Yorkshire, England; died in 1621 in Isle of Wight, Hampshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Re: Frances Garrett & Mary Dennis / 1600's
Posted by: Ginny Barker

Date: January 31, 2000 at 06:36:57

In Reply to: Re: Frances Garrett & Mary Dennis / 1600's by Deborah Smith
of 6813


I found information in a Haile(Hale) genealogy on the parents of Dennis Garrett and Barbara Stone.
Dennis Garrett:
father:Francis Garrett b. ca 1610 Gravesend, England
mother:Mary Dennis

Francis Garrett:
father:John Garrett b. ca 1580 England

Mary Dennis:
father:John Dennis b. England d. 9-4-1652 Northumberland Co., VA
mother:Barbara b. England d. after 1652 VA

John Garrett:
father:Thomas Giffard Garrett b. ca 1550 England

Barbara Stone:
father: Thomas Stone
mother:Christiana

Thomas Stone:
father:William Stone b. ca 1595 England
d. 1660 MD(was he the Governor of MD?)
mother:Elizabeth b. ca 1602

Hope this information is helpful.

John married unnamed spouseEngland. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

http://genforum.genealogy.com/garrett/messages/2218.html

Re: Frances Garrett & Mary Dennis / 1600's
Posted by: Ginny Barker Date: January 31, 2000 at 06:36:57
In Reply to: Re: Frances Garrett & Mary Dennis / 1600's by Deborah Smith of 7029


I found information in a Haile(Hale) genealogy on the parents of Dennis Garrett and Barbara Stone.
Dennis Garrett:
father:Francis Garrett b. ca 1610 Gravesend, England
mother:Mary Dennis

Francis Garrett:
father:John Garrett b. ca 1580 England

Mary Dennis:
father:John Dennis b. England d. 9-4-1652 Northumberland Co., VA
mother:Barbara b. England d. after 1652 VA

John Garrett:
father:Thomas Giffard Garrett b. ca 1550 England

Barbara Stone:
father: Thomas Stone
mother:Christiana

Thomas Stone:
father:William Stone b. ca 1595 England
d. 1660 MD(was he the Governor of MD?)
mother:Elizabeth b. ca 1602

Hope this information is helpful.

John married Barbara LNU in (CIRCA 1605) in (England). Barbara was born in (CIRCA 1585) in (England); died after 1652 in (Northumberland County, Virginia). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Other Events and Attributes:

• Occupation: Governor of Maryland

Notes:

28 Jan 2012 - http://www.geni.com/people/William-Stone-3rd-Provincial-Governor-of-Maryland/6000000006735130230?through=6000000000138035021

Larry Overmire's page on Governor William Stone is probably the most thorough in its treatment of his biography (the web pages in which he collected the information, mostly verbatim, are in his list of references):


GREAT GREAT GRANDFATHER OF THOMAS STONE (SIGNER OF THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE)

IMMIGRANT, ABT 1635

FIRST SHERIFF OF ACCOMACK CO., VA, 1634

JUSTICE OF THE PEACE

HIGH SHERIFF OF NORTHAMPTON CO., VA, 1646

THIRD GOVERNOR OF MARYLAND

FIRST PROTESTANT GOVERNOR OF MARYLAND

ADVOCATE FOR RELIGIOUS FREEDOM

DEFEATED AT THE BATTLE OF THE SEVERN, 1655

William may have immigrated as early as 1620 on the "Temperance." He and his wife Verlinda moved to Maryland in 1648. Governor Stone is an important figure in American history for taking steps to preserve religious freedom in Maryland. He is said to have died at his home Avon Manor in Charles Co., MD. His will was dated 3 Dec 1659 and probated 21 Dec 1660.

THE BATTLE OF THE SEVERN, 1655
"The occasion of the battle was this: When the parlimentary commissioners had reduced the colony to obedience, they retained the then governor, Stone, he promising to conform, in his administration, to the new order of things. When, however, Lord Baltimore rebuked him for betraying the trust committed to him, and stimulated him to reassurne authority in his name, Stone was moved to attempt it, and, gathering a force in that part of the colony that had always been loyal to Lord Baltimore, St. Mary's County, he led them up along the bay to the Severn, where a few years before a settlement of Puritans from Virginia had been made. The force was divided, some passing by land and some by water, the vessels keeping near enough to the shore to assist the land forces, when needful, in crossing the creeks and rivers. These Puritans, in the present troubles, had of course resisted the authority of the proprietary, because they were in sympathy with the parliamentary cause, and because for religion's sake they objected to being under the jurisdiction of Lord Baltimore, who was of the faith which they abhorred. They also objected to the powers and title which he held, as being absolute lord, to whom the oath of allegiance and obedience was to be taken.
When Stone reached the Severn, whatever may have been his expectations, he found himself face to face with a force, partly military and partly naval, which soon, in the encounter which ensued, put his whole army to rout and took him and many others prisoners. Under what plea, it is not said, but in spite of the promise of quarter, when the surrender was made, some of the soldiers were put to death by court-martial, and Stone himself was only saved by the appeal of the Puritan soldiers themselves and some of the women of the place. The battle was fought about where Annapolis now stands. These Puritans had sought refuge in Maryland, having been compelled by Governor Berkeley to leave Virginia on account of their religion. They had, also, been induced by Governor Stone to choose Maryland as their place of refuge, under the promise of indulgence for their religious views and methods. It is not clear why, when they had the opportunity, they should have indulged such malignant feelings toward him." --History of Early Maryland, by Rev. Theodore C. Gambrall



WARNING: There is a lot of conflicting information out there regarding Gov. William Stone, especially concerning when he immigrated and who his wives were.

Some say he immigrated as 35-year-old Maximilian Stone with wife Elizabeth Sprigg on the "Temperance" in 1620, some say he immigrated to Virginia in 1628, some say he came on the "Alexander" in 1635.

If he were 35 in 1620, his birthdate would be about 1585. It may be that he went back and forth to England and is therefore listed on more than one ship's list. Some show he married three times to Elizabeth Sprigg, Verlinda Graves and Verlinda Cotton. Virtual American Biographies says Gov. Stone died about 1695 in Charles Co., MD. "William Stone had one wife: Verlinda Graves. Verlinda Graves' sister Ann was married to a Cotton (who named William Stone as brother-in-law in his will), and her sister Katherine was married to a Sprigg (whom William Stone names 'brother Sprigg' in his will). Sloppy research seems responsible for his gaining two extra wives." --Christopher J. Handy "William came to the Eastern Shore of Virginia in 1620 with his wife Elizabeth and a son of nine months. They came over on the ship 'The Temperance' where william was listed as Maximillian Stone, age 36 years, and his wife, Elizabeth Stone, age 19 years, and their son of nine months. Maximillian (William) was one of Sir George Yeardley's men. (Many names on the passenger list for this ship were misspelled, so it is possible that his full name was William Maximillian Stone or McWilliam Stone) The ship landed at Hog Island. (Later known as James City County)" --Lois Branch Database, source: The Complete Book of Emigrants "William's first wife was Elizabeth Sprigg, sister of Thomas Sprigg, whom he married in England, and by whom he had Thomas and Elizabeth Stone. (Baltimore Sun, Maryland, Sunday, July 8, 1906 and Baltimore Sun, Nov 11, 1908). After her death, he married Verlinda Graves, daughter of Thomas Graves. William married third, Miss Verlinda Stone, the sister of the Rev. Mr. William Cotton, who had wed Anne Graves. (Proof of wife Elizabeth Sprigg: William's will in which he mentions 'Brother Sprigg'; and an assignment of Thomas Stone, son of William, 'right of 100 acres of land to my Uncle Thomas Sprigg'...Land Office, Lib. 5., Folder 182)." --Lois Branch Database "William Stone was born in England around 1603 and came from a well-known merchant family in London. However, William chose to come to America, and migrated to Virginia in 1628. He was successful there, working as a merchant and planter. He was respected by his neighbors and was appointed justice of the peace and then sheriff in Accomack County, Virginia... William Stone and his wife Verlinda came to Maryland in 1648. That same year Stone was given a great opportunity. With civil war still going on in England and with many new Protestant settlers in Maryland, Lord Baltimore wanted to appoint a Protestant Governor. He chose William Stone, probably partly to reward Stone for promising to bring hundreds of settlers to Maryland. Stone served as Governor for six years until some of the more radical Protestants, called Puritans, gained control of the government and began to pass laws which restricted religious freedom." --Exploring America's Roots "Gov. William Stone was born in Eng c 1603 and had an unknown wife there. He came with son Richard (13) on ship Alexander c 1635 and landed near Jamestown Va. Also some siblings - Robert and John and maybe a sister came with him. He married Verlinda Cotton - the daughter of Jane and Rev. John Cotton who came with her widowed mother to be with her brother. She is often mistakenly referred to as Verlinda Graves.

Lord Baltimore was looking for a protestant Gov for Md. who respected religious freedom so he brought John to Md in 1635 and made him Gov.

Their children were:

1. Thomas STONE was born in 1635.
2. Richard STONE b.1622 died in Jun 1657 in Maryland. Notes for Richard STONE: The Passenger List for the Ship Alexander, lists Richard Stone, 13 years, on May 2, 1635.
3. John STONE, Gentleman 4 Elizabeth STONE (Oldest daughter) 5. Mary STONE 6. Catherine STONE 7. Matthew Stone This inf. is very well documented in a book called - Stones of Poynton Manor (that was in the family for 150 years)." --Genforum Posting by Stevie Lifkin "William was probably the McWilliam Stone who brought Andrew Stone over in 1635."

--Lois Branch Database, source: Early Virginia Immigrants 1623-1666 "William took the Oath as Commissioner of Accomack in August 1633."
--Lois Branch Database, source: Order Book, Northampton County, VA, Volume I

"The Lord Baltimore of Maryland appointed William as Governor of Maryland and gave him his commission as such on 6 August 1648.

Thus, William took his family and several hundred other Nonconformists from Virginia to Maryland. This was the beginning of the first Protestant Government of Maryland. William convened the General Assembly of Maryland on 2 April 1649. This Assembly was composed of men from many religions, but the majority were Protestant. They passed the 'Act Concerning Religion' (Act of Tolerance) on 21 April 1649." --Lois Branch Database

"William and his family moved to Maryland and settled at St. Michael's Hundred. He took the office as the first Protestant Governor of Maryland during very troubled times and was taken out of office by the Puritans who were opposed to Lord Baltimore in 1652. His office was restored to him and he served until 1654. He was then replaced by a board of ten commissioners. On Sunday afternoon on the 25th of March in 1655, he led the 'Battle of Severn' at Providence (now Annapolis). This was the first battle in America where Americans fought against other Americans. William was wounded which led to his defeat and capture. He was sentenced by the Puritan Court to be shot, but was saved by the intercession of the people of the colony and given full pardon." --Lois Branch Database

"In 1658, Charles County, Maryland was formed from St. Mary's County and in the fall of that year William was granted a tract of land from Lord Baltimore for his 'good and faithful service'. This land was known as 'Poynton Manor' and was located on Nanjemoy Creek (now known as Avon Creek) in the southwestern part of Charles County, somewhere between the settlements of Welcome and Hilltop, on the south side of the road that connected them. The Lord Baltimore named William a member of the Privy Council in 1658, when the confidence in Lord Baltimore was restored, and served as justice of the Provincial Court." --Lois Branch Database

"William died at his home 'Avon Manor' in Charles County, MD. William left a will dated 3 Dec 1659, it was proved on 15 January 1660, and probated 21 Dec 1660.

He named his wife Verlinda (Cotton) Stone, and his children: eldest son Thomas; eldest daughter, Elizabeth; and other children. He also mentioned his brother Richard; brother Capt. John who was killed by Indians, and 'Brother Sprigg'." --Lois Branch Database

"His great-grandson, Thomas, signer of the Declaration of Independence, born in Charles county, Maryland, in 1743" --Virtual American Biographies FROM ST. MARY'S CITY, MEN'S CAREER FILES, MSA SC 5094: Stone, William ( 1603 - 1660 ) Wife: Verlinda, daughter of Thomas Graves. Siblings: Andrew, John, Matthew, Richard. Children: Thomas (m. Mary), Richard, John, Matthew (m. Margery), Elizabeth (m. William Calvert), Mary (m. 1. John Thomas, 2. Robert Doyne), Catherine. Stone arrived in Virginia by 1628, and after 1648 divided his time between St. Marys and Charles Counties. Local Offices: justice of peace (Accomack County, Virginia), 1633, 1635-1639, 1641-1645, 1647-1648; Hungars Parish Vestry (Accomack County, Virginia), 1635; sheriff (Accomack County, Virginia), 1634, 1640, 1646; Burgess (Accomack County, Virginia), 1642. Provincial Offices: governor of Maryland, 1648-1656 (replaced by Parliamentary Commissioners, March-June, 1652, 1654-1656); Council, 1656-1660; justice, Provincial Court, 1658-1660; Upper House, 1658 (did not attend). Military Offices: captain, 1659. Land at death: 3000 a. plus, including Nangemy Manor, land at Bustards Island. Notes on this website are authored by Larry Overmire, unless noted otherwise. Permission of the author is required to reproduce elsewhere.

Sources: 1) Kenneth Lemmon Database, 19 Dec 2004 http://worldconnect.genealogy.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=PED &db=lemken&id=I08732 2) Ancestors of Jennie Hollis McArdle, Website 2005 http://members.aol.com/bbova2332/A-McArdle.html 3) Spriggs Archives, posting by Tim Mattingly, gtm3@indy.net, 7 Dec 1999 http://archiver.rootsweb.com/th/read/SPRIGGS/1999-12/0944562880 4) Genforum, Gov. Stone & Spriggs/Graves children, 1999 http://genforum.genealogy.com/stone/messages/1871.html 5) Genforum posting by Stevie Lifkin, information from family history, "Stones of Poynton Manor," swslifkin@aol.com, 10 Aug 1999 http://genforum.genealogy.com/stone/messages/2103.html 6) Genforum posting by Herbert A. Wheat, Re: Gov. Stone & Spriggs/Graves children, 28 Jan 2000 http://genforum.genealogy.com/stone/messages/2985.html 7) "Gov. Willam Stone of Maryland", "Genealogical Gleamings in England" July,1895, pg. 314-316 8) ANCESTRY OF WILLIAM STONE, GOVERNOR OF MARYLAND, 1648-1655, by Elliot Stone, Riverdale, N.Y. 9) Virtual American Biographies, Edited Appletons Encyclopedia, 2005 (birthdate and place) http://www.famousamericans.net/williamstone/ 10) Exploring America's Roots, Library, Maryland Public Television, 2005 http://mdroots.thinkport.org/library/williamverlindastone.asp 11) Pamela Smith Database, 18 Oct 2004 (date of will, christening date) http://worldconnect.genealogy.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET &db=:3001815&id=I582108300 12) Lois Branch Database, 15 May 2004 http://worldconnect.genealogy.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET &db=loisbranch&id=I17053 13) "Descendants From First Families of Virginia and Maryland", by Maude Crowe 14) The Complete Book of Emigrants, 1607-1660, P. W. Coldham, Genealogical Pub. Co. Baltimore, MD, 1987 15) Early Virginia Immigrants 1623-1666, G. C. Greer, Baltimore Genealogical Pub. Co. , 1960 16) Order Book, Northampton County, VA, Volume I 17) Virginia Magazine of History, St. George, Vol III, page 272 18) Baltimore Sun, Nov 11, 1903 19) "Southern Relatives", by Dixie Hammonds, pub. 1965, Vol III 20) "Southern Relatives", by Dixie Hammonds, pub. 1964, Vol I 21) The Genealogy of Thomas Stone, Website 2005 http://www.nps.gov/thst/gen1.htm 22) Post em by Christopher J. Handy, christopher.j.handy@gmail.com, 8 Jun 2006 23) History of Early Maryland, by Rev. Theodore C. Gambrall, A. M., D.D. Published by Thomas Whittaker, New York, 1893 http://members.tripod.com/~jweaver300/md/hemd.htm#2 24) St. Mary's City, Men's Career Files, MSA SC 5094, Dr. Lois Green Carr's Biographical Files of 17th and 18th Century Marylanders, Maryland State Archives Website 2006

http://www.mdarchives.state.md.us/megafile/msa/speccol/sc5000/sc5094/003900/html/sm3997.html _UID: ABCFB0202B174D06B67302A12CEC7480B72C Change Date: 3 APR 2007 Marriage 1 Verlinda * Graves b: ABT 1618 in Southampton Co., VA Married: Change Date: 8 JUN 2006 Note: 06:25 Children Richard (Immigrant, abt 1635 "Alexander") Stone b: ABT 1624 Thomas (of Stone?s Desire) * Stone b: Abt 1628-1635 in Baltimore Co., MD Elizabeth Stone b: ABT 1644 John Stone b: 1648 in Hungars Parrish, Accomack, VA Catherine Stone b: AFT 1649 in Maryland Matthew Stone b: 1658 in Maryland Sources: Media: Website Title: Genealogy of Fast, Shriver, Burns, Scott, McKibben, including descendants of Revolutionary War Hero

Christian Fast Author: Larry Overmire Publication: RootsWeb World Connect Project, © 2000-2009 Date: 15 Dec 2009



Index | Descendancy | Register | Public Profile | Add Post-em <./igmpostem.cgi?op=add&app=lovermire¬ify=kRgUV8nrzbqJRW2UPQ0b2hxR2TqVY8AH&key=I6988&return=%3Ca+href%3D%22%2Fcgi%2Dbin%2Figm%2Ecgi%3Fop%3DGET%26amp%3Bdb%3Dlovermire%26amp%3Bid%3DI6988%22%3EReturn+to+WorldConnect%3C%2Fa%3E>

William Stone, 3rd Proprietary Governor of Maryland (c. 1603 - c. 1660) was an English pioneer and an early settler in Maryland. He was governor of the colony of Maryland from 1649 to 1655.

Early life

Stone was born in Northamptonshire, England.[1]

On 15 Sept 1619 William Stone set sail for Virginia on the Margaret of Bristol, and was one of the people being sent to Berkeley Hundred to work under Captain John Woodlief's supervision. William was supposed to serve the Society of Berkeley Hundred's investors for six years in exchange for 30 acres of land. Sometime prior to 9 February 1629, he received a tobacco bill from Richard Wheeler. By 4 June 1635, William had patented 1,800 acres in Accomack. Local court records reveal that he was the brother to Andrew Stone and Captain John Stone, who had been trading on the Eastern Shore since 1626. By 1634 William Stone had become a commissioner of the county court. Some time prior to February 1636, he married Verlinda, the daughter of Captain Thomas Graves. William went on to become sheriff and vestryman. In 1645 he was residing on the Eastern Shore, in what had become Northampton County. By 1648 he had become the third proprietary governor of Maryland.[2] Stone came to America in 1628 with a group of Puritans who settled in the Eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay in Virginia. Their settlement thrived, but eventually came into conflict with Virginia's established Episcopal Church.

In 1648, Stone reached an agreement with Cecilius Calvert, the 2nd Lord Baltimore to resettle the group in central Maryland.

Governor of the Maryland colony

On August 8, 1648, Lord Baltimore named Stone the Governor of his colony. He was the first Protestant Governor. The Assembly sought a confirmation of their religious liberty and in 1649 Governor Stone signed the Religious Toleration Act, which permitted liberty to all Christian denominations.

In 1649, Stone and Puritan exiles from Virginia founded the town of Providence on the north shore of the Severn River and across from what is today the Maryland state capital of Annapolis.

In 1654, after the Third English Civil War (1649–51), Parliamentary forces assumed control of Maryland and Stone went into exile in Virginia. Per orders from Lord Baltimore, Stone returned the following spring at the head of a Cavalier force. But, in what is known as the Battle of the Severn (March 25, 1655), Stone was defeated and taken prisoner.

Stone was replaced as Governor by Josias Fendall (1628–87), and took no further part in public affairs.

William Stone wrote his will on 3 Dec 1659, and it was proved in Charles Co. Maryland on 21 Dec 1660. Verlinda Graves Stone wrote her will on 3 March 1674-5, and the will was proved on 13 July 1675 in Charles Co., MD.[3]

Restoration and land grant

In 1660, the monarchy in England and the proprietor's government in Maryland were restored. Lord Baltimore granted Stone as much land as he could ride around in a day, as a reward for Stone's faithful service. Stone concentrated on developing his plantation at Poynton Manor in what is now Charles County, Maryland, where he died in about 1660.[1]

Legacy

Stone's great-grandson, David (born 1709), greatly expanded the value of the estate at Poynton and returned the family to prominence.[4] William Stone's great-great-grandsons made major contributions to the foundation of Maryland as an American state: Thomas Stone signed the Declaration of Independence, Michael Jenifer Stone represented Maryland in the First United States Congress, John Hoskins Stone was Governor of Maryland 1794–97, and William Murray Stone was the Episcopal Bishop of Baltimore. A great-great-great grandson, Barton W. Stone, was a prominent early leader of the Restoration Movement.[5]

Died:
at his home, "Avon Manor"...

William married Elizabeth Spriggs in (CIRCA 1620) in (England). Elizabeth (daughter of William Sprigge and unnamed spouse) was born in 0___ 1600 in Lubenham, Market Harborough, Leceistershire, England; died in 0___ 1625 in Virginia. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Gifford married Amy Warre. Amy (daughter of John Warr and unnamed wife) was born in 0___ 1588 in Hestercomb, Somerset, England; died in 0___ 1650 in Wiltshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Robert married Susan Gore. Susan (daughter of Richard Gore and Mary Stourton) was born in 0___ 1582 in Wiltshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Biography

This biography was auto-generated by a GEDCOM import. It's a rough draft and needs to be edited.

Sources
McCurdy Family Lineage - John Travers (with citations: Samuel Smith Travers, A collection of pedigrees of the family of Travers, page 26. Samuel Smith Travers. Pedigree, with biographical sketches, of the Devonshire family of Travers : descended from Walter Travers of Nottingham, Goldsmith, Will of John Travers.)
Source: S-1547347849 Repository: #R-1678302570 Title: Ancestry Family Trees Publication: Online publication - Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com. Original data: Family Tree files submitted by Ancestry members. Note: This information comes from 1 or more individual Ancestry Family Tree files. This source citation points you to a current version of those files. Note: The owners of these tree files may have removed or changed information since this source citation was created. Page: Ancestry Family Trees Data: Text: http://trees.ancestry.com/pt/AMTCitationRedir.aspx?tid=32284764&pid=1868
Repository: R-1678302570 Name: Ancestry.co.uk
January 28,2014 - Michael Thomas (Thomas-10705) Ancestry.com, OneWorldTree (Name: Name: The Generations Network, Inc.; Location: Provo, UT, USA;;), www.ancestry.com, Database online.. Record for Samuel Travers.


Acknowledgments
Thank you to Gerald Woollard for creating WikiTree profile Travers-178 through the import of woollard Family small Tree (1).ged on Feb 25, 2013.

Click to the Changes page for the details of edits by Gerald and others.

end of profile

John married Alice Hooker. Alice (daughter of Sir John Vowell Hooker, MP and Rachel Stanyerne) was born in ~1554 in Exeter, Devonshire, England; died in 0Jun 1622 in Farrington, Devonshire, England; was buried in Church of St Petrock and St Barnabus, Farrington, Devonshire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Biography
Sources
McCurdy Family Lineage - Alice Hooker (with citations: Samuel Smith Travers, A collection of pedigrees of the family of Travers, page 26. The Greenes of Rhode Island, with historical records of English ancestry, 1534-1902, Will of Alice (Hooker)Travers.)
http://trees.ancestry.com/pt/AMTCitationRedir.aspx?tid=21888859&pid=1185725051
http://trees.ancestry.com/pt/AMTCitationRedir.aspx?tid=32284764&pid=1867

end of this biography

John married Jennett LNU(Lancashire, England). Jennett was born about 1579 in Groston, Lancashire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

According to Melissa Thompson Alexander's page on Katherine Griffin Stone:

Katherine had a marriage before marrying Captain John Stone. However, the dates are off on the three children's dates of birth (listed as being in the 1630s and 1640s, when she was in her 50s and 60s), and her first child with Captain Stone is listed as being when she was 14 years old. Likely the information about a previous (or subsequent) marriage is inaccurate and not included here.

William married unnamed spouse. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Edward married Anne Brounker. Anne was born in 0___ 1555 in (Wiltshire) England; died in 0___ 1607 in (Wiltshire) England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

John married unnamed wife. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Thomas married Katherine Cross. Katherine was born in 0___ 1555 in (Wysbith, Isle Ely, Cambridgeshire, England). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Richard married Mary Stourton. Mary was born in 0___ 1547 in Stourton, Wiltshire, England; died on 4 Jan 1620 in (Wiltshire, England). [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

John Hooker (English constitutionalist)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

John Hooker (or "Hoker") alias John Vowell (c. 1527–1601) of Exeter in Devon, was an English historian, writer, solicitor, antiquary, and civic administrator. From 1555 to his death he was Chamberlain of Exeter. He was twice MP for Exeter in 1570/1 and 1586, and for Athenry in Ireland in 1569 and wrote an influential treatise on parliamentary procedure. He wrote an eye-witness account of the siege of Exeter during the Prayer Book Rebellion in 1549. He spent several years in Ireland as legal adviser to Sir Peter Carew, and following Carew's death in 1575 wrote his biography. He was one of the editors of the second edition of Raphael Holinshed's Chronicles, published in 1587. His last, unpublished and probably uncompleted work was the first topographical description of the county of Devon. He founded a guild of Merchant Adventurers under a charter from Queen Mary.[2] He was the uncle of Richard Hooker, the influential Anglican theologian.[3]


Contents
1 Origins
2 Education
3 Career
3.1 In Exeter
3.2 In Ireland
3.3 Later life
4 Marriage & progeny
5 Death & burial
6 Works
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links
Origins
Hooker was born at Bourbridge Hall in Exeter, Devon, England. He was the second son and eventual heir of Robert Vowell (d.1538) of Exeter[4] alias Hooker by his third wife Agnes Dobell (or Doble), daughter of John Dobell of Woodbridge in Suffolk.[5] His grandfather was John Vowell alias Hooker (d.1493), MP for Exeter.[4]

The earliest recorded member of the Vowell family was Jenaph (or Seraph[6]) Vowell of Pembroke in Wales, from whom John Hooker (d.1601) was 6th in descent. The original Welsh name was possibly ap-Howell.[6] Jenaph's son Jago Vowell married Alice Hooker, daughter and heiress of Richard Hooker of Hurst Castle, Southampton.[4] Thus, as was commonly required in former times on receipt of an inheritance, the Vowell family assumed the name Hooker in the 15th century, but frequently retained the earlier name; in fact John Hooker was known as John Vowell for much of his life. By the time he was born the family had been prominent in Exeter for several generations.[7]

Education
Hooker received an excellent classical education, reading Roman law at Oxford followed by a period in Europe studying with leading Protestant divines,[8] notably Pietro Martire Vermigli.[7]

Career
In Exeter
[I denounce those who chose] to supporte the authoritie of the Idoll of Rome whome they never sawe in contempte of their trewe & lawfull kinge, whom they knewe and oughte to obeye.
—Hooker, on the siege of Exeter, in The description of the citie of Excester, 1.67

A map of Exeter in the time of Hooker
During the Prayer Book Rebellion of 1549 Hooker experienced at first hand the siege of Exeter, and left a vivid manuscript account of its events in which he made no effort to conceal his anti-Catholic sympathies.[8] From 1551 to 1553 he was employed by Myles Coverdale during his short incumbency as Bishop of Exeter. In 1555 he became the first chamberlain of Exeter, a post he held until his death.[7]

As chamberlain he was responsible for the city's finances, he dealt with disputes between guilds and merchants, oversaw the rebuilding of the high school, planted many trees in the city, and collected and put in order the city's archives.[7] He used these archives to compile his "Annals" of the City in which he details the characteristics of every Tudor mayor of Exeter, and in 1578 he wrote and published The Lives of the Bishops of Exeter.[8] In 1570/71 he was MP for Exeter.

At a time when it was deemed essential for cities and nations to have ancient lineage, Hooker described the supposed foundation of Exeter by Corinaeus, nephew of Brutus of Britain, son of Aeneas. He advocated emulating the governmental institutions of the Roman Republic, which in his opinion brought Rome to greatness, and held up the municipal government of Exeter as a model republican commonwealth worthy of emulation.[9][10]

In Ireland
In 1568, possibly because he regarded himself as underpaid for the work he was doing for Exeter, Hooker was persuaded by Sir Peter Carew to accompany him to Ireland as his legal adviser. He organised Carew's papers in support of his claim for the barony of Idrone, a task to which he committed himself so deeply that in 1569 he was returned to the Irish parliament as member for Athenry. Hooker later wrote a biography of Carew, The dyscourse and dyscoverye of the lyffe of Sir Peter Carew, in which he almost certainly understated the deceit and aggression behind Carew's Irish venture.[7][11][12]

Until Carew's death in 1575, Hooker spent much time in Ireland, but he had also been returned to the English parliament in 1571 as one of the burgesses of Exeter. The session had lasted only a few weeks, but he kept a journal in which he accurately recorded the proceedings. His experiences in the Irish and English parliaments led him to write a treatise on parliamentary practice, The Order and Usage how to Keepe a Parlement in England, which was published in two editions in 1572. One edition had a preface addressed to William FitzWilliam, Lord Deputy of Ireland and was clearly intended to bring order to the Irish assembly; the other was addressed to the Exeter city authorities, presumably to aid his successor burgesses. In writing his treatise Hooker took much inspiration from the Modus Tenendi Parliamentum, a treatise from the early 14th century.[7]

In 1586 Hooker again represented Exeter in parliament. At this time he was one of the editors of the second edition of Raphael Holinshed's Chronicles, published in 1587. Hooker's Order and Usage was included within it and he contributed an updated history of Ireland, with parts of his Life of Carew and a translation of Expugnatio Hibernica ("Conquest of Ireland") by Gerald of Wales. In his Irish section he made his religious and political sympathies very clear, repeatedly denouncing the Catholicism of the native Irish, seeing it as the cause both of their poverty and rebelliousness. Rome he described as "the pestilent hydra" and the pope "the sonne of sathan, and the manne of sinne, and the enimie unto the crosse of Christ, whose bloodthirstiness will never be quenched".[7]

Later life
a verye ancient towne ... and maye be equall with some cities for it is the cheffe emporium of that countrie and most inhabited with merchantes whose cheffest trade in tyme of peace was with Spayne ... it is a clene and sweete towne, very well paved...
—Hooker, on Barnstaple, in Synopsis Corographical, 261–262
Hooker continued to serve Exeter in his later years, becoming coroner in 1583 and recorder in 1590. He was also appointed as steward of Bradninch by Sir Walter Raleigh in 1587.[7] By this time he was involved in the long task of organising and writing his historically-based description of his home county which he titled Synopsis Corographical of the county of Devon. He probably started work on this before his antiquary friend Richard Carew began writing his similar Survey of Cornwall.[8] In writing his Synopsis, Hooker was influenced by the style and structure of William Harrison's Description of England, which had been published in 1577 as part of the first edition of Holinshed's Chronicles.[7]

Although Hooker revised his Synopsis many times, he probably never completed it to his satisfaction. The work survives today as two almost identical manuscripts, one in the British Library the other in the Devon Record Office,[13] which were used as source material for many later topographical descriptions of the county, including Thomas Westcote's Survey of Devon (1630) and Tristram Risdon's Chorographical Description or Survey of the County of Devon (c. 1632).[8] He wrote an account of the Black Assize of Exeter in 1586 from which a virulent and deadly disease spread from prisoners in Exeter Prison to the courtroom in Exeter Castle and thence to the whole county.[14]

Marriage & progeny
He married twice:

Firstly in the 1540s to married Martha Tucker (died pre-1586), a daughter of Robert Tucker of Exeter by whom he had three sons and two daughters including:
Robert Hooker (d.1602) eldest son.[15]
Secondly he married Anastryce Bridgeman (c. 1540–1599), a daughter of Edward Bridgeman of Exeter,[15] by whom he had seven sons and five daughters.
Death & burial
In later life his health failed. He wrote: "...my sight waxeth Dymme my hyringe [hearing] very thycke my speache imperfecte and my memory very feeble". He died in Exeter on 8 November 1601 at the age of 76 and was buried at St Mary Major, Exeter.[16]

Works
Orders Enacted for Orphans and for their Portions within the Citie of Exeter, London, 1575
The Antique Description and Account of the City of Exeter: In Three Parts, All Written Purely by John Vowell, Alias Hoker
The order and usage of the keepingng of a parlement in England, 1572
A pamphlet of the offices and duties of everie particular sworned officer of the citie of Excester (sic) 1584
The Life and Times of Sir Peter Carew, (d.1575), whose mural monument Hooker erected in Exeter Cathedral, as evidenced by the two escutcheons showing the arms of Hooker at the base of the monument.[17]
References
Vivian, Lt.Col. J.L., (Ed.) The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620, Exeter, 1895, p.479
Hooker, Joseph Dalton, Life and Letters of Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker O.M., G.C.S.I., 2001, p.7 [1]
Worth, R. N. (1895). A History of Devonshire. London: Elliot Stock. p. 40.
Vivian, p.479
Vivian, Lt.Col. J.L., (Ed.) The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620, Exeter, 1895, p.479, pedigree of Hooker alias Vowell
Hooker, Joseph Dalton, 2001, p7
S. Mendyk, "Hooker , John (c.1527–1601)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2005, accessed 26 July 2008
Youings, Joyce (1996). "Some Early Topographers of Devon and Cornwall". In Mark Brayshay (ed.). Topographical Writers in South-West England. University of Exeter Press. pp. 52–58. ISBN 0-85989-424-X.
Peltonen, Markku (2004). Classical Humanism and Republicanism in English Political Thought, 1570–1640. Cambridge University Press. pp. 57 ff.
Peltonen, Markku, "Citizenship and Republicanism in Elizabethan England", in Republicanism a Shared European Heritage, Martin van Gelderen and Quinten Skinner, Vol.I, Republicanism and Constitutionalism in Early Modern Europe, Cambridge, 2002, p. 91
Kendall, Elizabeth Kimball (1900). Source-book of English History. New York: The Macmillan Company. p. 193.
Kinney, Arthur F. (1975). Elizabethan Backgrounds: Historical Documents of the Age of Elizabeth I. Archon Books. p. 121.
One, dated 1599/1600, is in the British Library; the other (ex-libris John Prince) is dated 1599 and is in the Devon Record Office. An extract of the British Library copy was published in William J. Blake (1915). "Hooker's Synopsis Chorographical of Devonshire". Rep. Trans. Devon. Ass. Advmt Sci. 47: 334–348.
Hooker, John, published in Holinshead's Chronicle, 1587 edition, pp.1547–8, quoted by Creighton, Creighton, Charles, History of Epidemics in Britain, Part 1, 2013, p.383, Exeter Assizes 1586 [2]
Vivian, Lt.Col. J.L., (Ed.) The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620, Exeter, 1895, p.479
Vivian, p.479, quoting St Mary Major, Exeter, parish register; Dictionary of National Biography suggests he died at some time between 26 January and 15 September in 1601 and was "probably buried in the cathedral".
Hamilton-Rogers, William Henry, Memorials of the West, Historical and Descriptive, Collected on the Borderland of Somerset, Dorset and Devon, Exeter, 1888, chapter The Nest of Carew (Ottery-Mohun), p.326
Further reading
Vowell alias Hooker, John (1919–1947). Harte, Walter J.; Schopp, J.W.; Tapley-Soper, H. (eds.). The Description of the Citie of Excester. Devon and Cornwall Record Society. 11. Exeter: Devon and Cornwall Record Society.
Mendle, Michael (1985). Dangerous Positions: Mixed Government, the Estates of the Realm, and the Making of the "Answer to the xix propositions". University, Ala.: University of Alabama Press. p. 51. ISBN 081730178X.
External links
A portrait of Hooker by an unknown artist, 1601.
Works by John Hooker at Project Gutenberg
Works by or about John Hooker at Internet Archive

end of this biography

John (also John Hoker or John Vowell) was born at Bourbridge Hall, Exeter, Devon, England. He married first, Martha, daughter of Robert Tucker. He married second, Anastryce Bridgeman, daughter of Edward Bridgeman. Note: Documentation does NOT support that John Hooker was married to Rachel Grindal. John was buried without a monument in Exeter Cathedral. John was the uncle of Richard Hooker, the influential Anglican theologian

John was an English consitutionalist, writer, antiquary, administrator and advocate of republican government. From 1555 to 1601, he served as chamberlain of the city of Exeter. He also served for short periods of time in both the English and Irish parliaments.

Sources:

Clarke, Louise Brownell Clarke, The Greenes of Rhode Island with Historical Records of English Ancestry 1534-1902, New York, 1903.
Hate, , J. W. Schopp, and H. Tapley-Soper (1919 and 1947 Vowell alias Hooker, The Description of the Citie of Excester. Devon and Cornwall Record Society.
Mendyk, S, "Hooker , John (c.1527-1601)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2005, accessed 26 July 2008
Mendle, Michael, Dangerous Positions; Mixed Government, the Estates of the Realm, and the Making of the "Answer to the xix propositions", University of Alabama Press, 1985. pp 51
Moore, Thomas Moore, History of Devonshire, volume ii, p.125.



Family Members
Spouse
Photo
Rachel Grindall Hooker
1530–1565

Children
Alice Hooker Travers
unknown–1622

Thomas Hooker
1553–1635

Photo
Mary Hooker Greene
1567–1617

end of profile

Buried:
More on this cathedral ... https://www.findagrave.com/cemetery/658460/exeter-cathedral

John married Rachel Stanyerne. Rachel was born in ~1524 in Medbourne, Leicestershire, England; died in ~1558 in Medbourne, Leicestershire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Married:
his wikipedia biography does not cite this marriage...

Richard married Isabel Girdler. Isabel (daughter of John Girdler and Catherine Symonds) was born about 1553 in Doncaster, Yorkshire, England; died about 1588 in Croston, Bretherton, Lancashire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

According to Melissa Thompson Alexander:
Information on Elizabeth Girdier Stone came from Alta Wesley (ALTAWesley@aol.com ).

Roger married Eleanor Popham(Somerset)England. Eleanor was born in 0___ 1551 in (Somerset)England; died in (Somerset)England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Robert Vowell (Robert Vowell) Hooker MP aka Vowell
Born about 1466 in Exeter, Devon, England
ANCESTORS ancestors
Son of John Hooker and Alice (Druitt) Hooker
[sibling(s) unknown]
Husband of Agnes (Dobell) Hooker — married [date unknown] [location unknown]
Husband of Margery (Bolter) Hooker — married [date unknown] [location unknown]
DESCENDANTS descendants
Father of John Vowell Hooker MP
Died about 9 Aug 1537 in Exeter, Devon, England

Profile manager: John Putnam private message [send private message]
Hooker-7 created 6 Aug 2010 | Last modified 26 May 2019
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Contents
[hide]
1 Biography
1.1 Event
1.2 Death
2 Sources
2.1 References
Biography
Member of Parliament 1534 (did not serve the full term). Cambridge 1488. Bailiff, 1522-3, member of the Twenty-Four June 1523 to Aug. 1524, receiver 1526-7, mayor 1529-30, warden of the bridge Oct. 1533.[1] Married (1) Margaret, da. of Richard Duke of Exeter, 2s. 1da.; (2) Agnes, da. of John Cort; (3) Agnes, da. of John Doble of Woodbridge, Suff., 3s. inc. John 4da. suc. Fa. by 25 Oct. 1496.

Date of birth estimated from admission as freeman.[2] The youngest in a family of 20 children. Robert Hooker had been constrained to begin his career as the ‘register’ or registrar of Barnstaple, but the catastrophic mortality which carried off every one of his brothers and sisters left him as the sole heir. He was to be remembered as ‘very well learned in the civil law’ (which might identify him with the man of his surname who went up to Cambridge in 1488 to read law), and ‘a good and upright mayor, and a great peacemaker’. Although admitted as a freeman by apprenticeship in the year 1486-7 and later practicing as a merchant, Hooker did not cut much of a figure in Exeter until shortly before his admission to the Twenty-Four, but within six years of this achievement he attained the mayoralty.[3]

After five years he entered the House of Commons, at the age of nearly 70 in 1529. The choice of so venerable a figure is the more striking because the by-election of 10 Oct. 1534 resulted from the withdrawal on grounds of ill-health of John Blackaller, a man nearly 30 years his junior. The virtually unanimous vote for Hooker—he was the only one to vote against—testifies to his colleagues’ agreement in the matter. His own dissent may have meant that he was genuinely reluctant to serve, for little more than two months before (7 Aug.) he had made his will. In the event he survived both this Parliament and its successor of June 1536, to which he was doubtless re-elected in accordance with the King’s general request for the return of the previous Members. What part, if any, he took in the proceedings is unknown. Some months before his first election he had played host at Exeter to Lady Margaret Douglas, Henry VIII’s niece, after she and her ladies had attended a sermon preached by Hugh Latimer; it was a sign of his standing in the city and perhaps a recommendation for his choice as one of its Members at Westminster.[4]

Hooker died on 9 Aug. 1537 during an outbreak of plague in Exeter. By his will he had asked for masses to be said for his own soul and those of his parents and wives, and had provided for his wife, his sole executrix, and his children: until his son John came of age the widow was to have the custody of his property. At the inquisition post mortem held at Plympton on 18 Oct. 1538 it was found that Hooker had held land in Clayhanger, Exiland, Satinole and Widecombe, and that the heir, evidently a child of his last marriage, was ten years old; the cloth in Hooker’s shop was valued for probate at ¹8 and the plate in his house at ¹65. His son was to become the historian of Exeter and another MP.[5]

Event
1520 Mayor of Exeter, Devon, England
Death
August 9, 1537 Exeter, Devon, England
Sources
http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1509-1558/member/hooker-%28hoker%29-robert-1466-1537
The House of Commons, 1509-1558 edited by Stanley T. Bindoff, Boydell & Brewer, 1982, page 385. http://books.google.com/books?id=u_eIrJpc_T0C&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false
http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=pagerk&id=I609
http://trees.ancestry.com/pt/AMTCitationRedir.aspx?tid=283722&pid=130758331
http://trees.ancestry.com/pt/AMTCitationRedir.aspx?tid=283722&pid=130754020
http://trees.ancestry.com/pt/AMTCitationRedir.aspx?tid=21888859&pid=1185730718
http://trees.ancestry.com/pt/AMTCitationRedir.aspx?tid=21888859&pid=1137
Ancestry Family Trees: http://trees.ancestry.com/pt/AMTCitationRedir.aspx?tid=283722&pid=130754033
Clarke, Louise Brownell. The Greenes of Rhode Island (Knickerbocker Press, New York, 1903) Page 53
http://www.redbirdacres.net/greenehistory.html
Hooker, Edward. The Descendants of Rev. Thomas Hooker, Hartford, Connecticut, 1586-1908 (Rochester, N.Y., 1909) Page xi: "Robert Hooker Mayor of City of Exeter"
References
? Exeter Freemen (Devon and Cornw. Rec. Soc. extra ser. i), 59; Trans. Dev. Assoc. lx. 211; Exeter act bk. 1, ff. 102, 135.
? Vis. Devon, ed. Colby, 136; PCC 10 Crumwell has been followed where there is disagreement over Hooker’s genealogy—there is confusion in many secondary works, notably the preface to J. Hoker, The description of the citie of Excester (Devon and Cornw. Rec. Soc. xi).
? C1/745/8; Exeter, Hooker’s commonplace bk. f. 340v; bk. 55, f. 57v.
? C219/18A/3, 4; Exeter act bk. 1, f. 140; PCC 10 Crumwell; J. A. Youings, Early Tudor Exeter: the Founders of the County of the City (inaugural lecture, Exeter Univ. 1974), 14-15; B. F. Cresswell, Exeter Churches, 112-13.
? HMC Exeter, 361; C142/60/96; Hooker’s commonplace bk. f. 343v; Prob. 2/226.

end of this biography

Died:
from the plague...

Robert married Agnes Dobell in 1528 in Exeter, Devonshire, England. Agnes was born in ~1505 in Woodbridge, Suffolk, England; died in England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

John married Catherine Symonds. Catherine was born about 1500 in Lancashire, England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Ricard married Kathorine LNU(Somerset)England. Kathorine was born in 0___ 1525 in Radstock, Somerset, England; died in (Somerset)England. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]